Effects of Light and Melatonin on Contractions in Pregnant Women

光和褪黑激素对孕妇宫缩的影响

• 批准号: 9016046
• 负责人: Elizabeth B. Klerman
• 金额: $ 22.19万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9016046
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Affect; Animals; Binding; Biomedical Research; Cells; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Clinical Research; Data; Data Collection; Development; Discipline of obstetrics; Dose; Economic Burden; Etiology; Event; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Eye; Hormonal; Hormones; Human; Induced Labor; Infant; Inpatients; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Lead; Light; Measures; Melatonin; Melatonin Receptors; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Moods; Neonatal Mortality; Outpatients; Oxytocin; Pathway interactions; Pharmacologic Substance; Phase; Physiological; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Pregnancy; Pregnant Uterus; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Premature Labor; Process; Publications; Pupil light reflex; Randomized; Receptor Activation; Reporting; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Risk Factors; Signal Transduction; Societies; Stimulus; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Up-Regulation; Uterine Contraction; Uterus; Visual; Woman; alertness; base; light effects; mRNA Expression; myometrium; novel; perinatal morbidity; pregnant; premature; protein expression; public health relevance; receptor; reproductive; response

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Melatonin is nicknamed the "Dracula" hormone because it is usually secreted at night and this secretion is suppressed by ocular light exposure. In term pregnancies, labor is more often initiated at night. There are melatonin receptors on the pregnant uterus that are activated at term during labor. We propose to use these three physiological facts as the basis for testing a potential non-invasive intervention for altering uterine contractions in late-term pregnant women: photic suppression of endogenous melatonin secretion. The mammalian eye processes light exposure through visual and non-visual cells and pathways. Physiological functions affected by non-visual light exposure include hormone concentrations (e.g., melatonin suppression), circadian rhythm phase and amplitude, subjective alertness, and the pupillary light reflex. The melatonin response to light is how seasonally-reproductive animals monitor daylength. Light-induced suppression of melatonin and other physiological functions is wavelength dependent; these non-visual light responses are most sensitive to blue/green wavelengths and much less to red wavelengths. In our recent studies in six late-term pregnant women that included nighttime ocular light exposure, women who were exposed to blue/green light had lower concentrations of melatonin and fewer uterine contractions than those exposed to red light. There was a significant positive relationship (R2 = 0.87) between the total amount of melatonin secreted and the total number of contractions during the light exposure. These exciting preliminary data make this research proposal ideal for the NIH R21 mechanism in that (i) it is a new exploratory and developmental research project; (ii) currently available data on this topic are limited; and (iii) these studies may lead to a breakthrough in better understanding of physiology and development of novel techniques, methodologies, and applications that could have a major impact on a field of biomedical and clinical research and practice. We have demonstrated our ability to conduct all aspects of the study, including recruitment, outpatient and inpatient monitoring, experimental light exposure and physiological data collection of melatonin concentrations and uterine contractions. Ramifications of these findings for the practice of obstetrics could be dramatic. If ocular light exposure were able to suppress pre-term labor (which occurs in more than 12% of all pregnancies), it would be an inexpensive, non-obtrusive, easy- to-use method with minimal side effects. Of equal importance, the use of pharmaceutical melatonin in addition to oxytocin might be beneficial in inducing labor, including allowing reduction of the concentrations of oxytocin administered.

 描述（由申请人提供）： 褪黑激素被昵称为“德古拉”激素，因为它通常在夜间分泌，并且这种分泌会受到眼睛光线照射的抑制。足月妊娠时，分娩通常在夜间开始。我们建议使用这三个生理事实作为测试潜在的非侵入性干预措施的基础，以改变晚期孕妇的子宫收缩：内源性褪黑激素分泌的光抑制。哺乳动物的眼睛通过视觉和非视觉细胞和途径处理光暴露，受非视觉光暴露影响的生理功能包括激素浓度（例如，褪黑激素抑制）、昼夜节律阶段和幅度、主观警觉性。 ，褪黑激素对光的反应是季节性繁殖动物监测日长和其他生理功能的方式。在我们最近对六名晚期孕妇进行的研究中，这些非视觉光反应对蓝色/绿色波长最敏感，其中包括夜间眼部光线暴露，以及暴露于蓝色/绿色光的女性。与暴露于红光的人相比，褪黑激素的浓度较低，子宫收缩较少。在光暴露期间，褪黑激素的分泌总量与宫缩总数之间存在显着的正相关关系（R2 = 0.87）。初步数据使该研究提案成为 NIH R21 机制的理想选择，因为 (i) 这是一个新的探索性和发展性研究项目；(ii) 目前有关该主题的可用数据有限；(iii) 这些研究可能会带来突破；更好地了解生理学以及新技术、方法和应用的开发，这些技术、方法和应用可能对生物医学和临床研究和实践领域产生重大影响，我们已经证明了我们进行研究各个方面的能力，包括招募、门诊和实践。住院病人监测、实验光照和褪黑激素浓度和子宫收缩的生理数据收集对产科实践的影响可能是巨大的。是一种廉价、非侵入性、易于使用且副作用最小的方法。同样重要的是，除了催产素之外，使用药物褪黑激素可能有益于引产，包括减少分娩。所施用的催产素的浓度。