Prospective studies on Parkinson's disease

帕金森病的前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 8149096
• 负责人: HONGLEI CHEN
• 金额: $ 93.53万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8149096
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Agriculture; Ancillary Study; Baseline Surveys; Clinical; Clinical Management; Cognitive; Collaborations; Collection; Data; Data Collection; Disease; Elderly; Environment; Extramural Activities; Follow-Up Studies; Genes; Goals; Health; Health Professional; Life Style; Mental Depression; Neurology; Nurses' Health Study; Parkinson Disease; Physical activity; Prospective Studies; Psyche structure; Symptoms; base; disability; follow-up; nutrition; pre-clinical; prevent

Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and affects more than one million elderly Americans. As the population ages, the burden of PD is expected to increase. Although there are effective measures to control the symptoms of PD, patients eventually develop severe physical and mental disabilities and often die of complications. My research aims to ascertain the environmental and genetic causes of PD and to characterize high risk populations through research on nonmotor symptoms and biomarkers. I currently have three ongoing projects to accomplish these goals. Parkinsons Genes and Environment (PAGE) Study: The PAGE study was built within a large prospective cohort that was initially established for cancer research. The cohort had collected extensive dietary and lifestyle data from approximately 0.5 million US older adults in mid-1990s. In this study, we have successfully collected genetic material from approximately 1,100 PD patients and 1,900 controls, and currently we are collecting additional exposure information that was not available from the cohorts baseline survey. Initial analyses of our data have led to several important findings: 1) smoking duration, rather than intensity, is important in explaining the smoking-Parkinson relationship (Neurology, 2010); 2) depression may predate Parkinson by a decade (Mov Disord 2010); 3) higher physical activity may lower the risk for PD (Neurology, 2010), and 4) SCNA and MAPT are susceptible genes for PD (Nat Genetics, 2009). The Shanghai Parkinson Study (SPS): The SPS is also being built based on a large prospective cohort the Shanghai Womens Health Study (SWHS). The study is important because little PD research has been conducted among women, and the SWHS collected biospecimen at its baseline in 1997-2000. In this study, we aim to identify and clinically confirm Parkinson patients and to examine potential risk factors and early biomarkers for PD among women. We carried out a pilot in the late spring of 2010 and plan to launch the main data collection later this year. Parkinson Research in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study: The ARIC study is one of the most successful community-based cohort studies on cardiovascular research. The cohort was established in late 1980s and recruited over 15,000 participants, ages 45-64, from four US communities. With multiple cohort-wide blood collections, rich exposure data, numerous ancillary studies, more than 20 years of follow-up, and an incoming cognitive assessment, the ARIC cohort is an excellent resource for Parkinson research. We therefore plan to confirm PD cases and thus initiate a long-term Parkinson study in this well-established cohort. There will be two major aims of PD research in this cohort 1) to examine genetic and environmental risk factors for PD; 2) to examine preclinical nonmotor symptoms of PD. In addition, my group is also working on a few other projects in collaboration with intra- and extramural investigators to search for causes of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. These studies include the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, the Nurses Health Study, the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort, and the Agricultural Health Study.

帕金森病 (PD) 是第二常见的神经退行性疾病，影响超过一百万美国老年人。随着人口老龄化，PD的负担预计会增加。尽管有有效措施控制帕金森病的症状，但患者最终会出现严重的身体和精神残疾，并常常死于并发症。我的研究旨在确定帕金森病的环境和遗传原因，并通过对非运动症状和生物标志物的研究来描述高危人群的特征。我目前正在进行三个项目来实现这些目标。 帕金森病基因与环境 (PAGE) 研究：PAGE 研究是在一个最初为癌症研究而建立的大型前瞻性队列中建立的。该队列收集了 20 世纪 90 年代中期约 50 万美国老年人的广泛饮食和生活方式数据。在这项研究中，我们成功地从大约 1,100 名 PD 患者和 1,900 名对照者中收集了遗传物质，目前我们正在收集队列基线调查中未提供的额外暴露信息。 对我们数据的初步分析得出了几个重要的发现：1）吸烟持续时间（而不是强度）对于解释吸烟与帕金森病的关系很重要（Neurology，2010）； 2) 抑郁症可能比帕金森病早十年出现（Mov Disord 2010）； 3) 较高的体力活动可能会降低患帕金森病的风险（Neurology, 2010），4) SCNA 和 MAPT 是帕金森病的易感基因（Nat Genetics, 2009）。 上海帕金森研究 (SPS)：SPS 也是基于上海女性健康研究 (SWHS) 的大型前瞻性队列而建立的。这项研究很重要，因为在女性中进行的帕金森病研究很少，而且 SWHS 在 1997-2000 年收集了基线生物样本。在这项研究中，我们的目的是识别和临床确认帕金森患者，并检查女性帕金森病的潜在危险因素和早期生物标志物。我们于 2010 年春末进行了试点，并计划在今年晚些时候启动主要数据收集。 社区动脉粥样硬化风险 (ARIC) 研究中的帕金森研究：ARIC 研究是最成功的基于社区的心血管研究队列研究之一。该队列成立于 20 世纪 80 年代末，招募了来自美国四个社区的 15,000 多名年龄在 45 至 64 岁之间的参与者。 ARIC 队列拥有多个队列范围的血液采集、丰富的暴露数据、大量的辅助研究、20 多年的随访以及即将到来的认知评估，是帕金森研究的绝佳资源。因此，我们计划确认帕金森病病例，从而在这个成熟的队列中启动一项长期帕金森研究。该队列中的帕金森病研究有两个主要目标：1）检查帕金森病的遗传和环境风险因素； 2）检查PD的临床前非运动症状。 此外，我的团队还与校内和校外研究人员合作开展其他一些项目，以寻找帕金森病和其他神经退行性疾病的原因。这些研究包括卫生专业人员随访研究、护士健康研究、癌症预防研究 II 营养队列和农业健康研究。