Low-income fathers' linguistic influence on their children's language development

低收入父亲的语言对其孩子语言发展的影响

• 批准号: 8113696
• 负责人: Natasha J Cabrera
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8113696
• 关键词: Address; African American; Age; Behavior; Birth Order; Burn injury; Characteristics; Child; Child Language; Code; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Data; Development; Diagnostic; Education; Educational Background; Employment; Evaluation Studies; Failure; Family; Fathers; Frequencies; Gender; Gestures; Head Start Program; Home environment; Income; Language; Language Development; Language Disorders; Language Tests; Latino; Linguistics; Link; London; Low Income Population; Low income; Measures; Minority; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Pilot Projects; Play; Psychological Factors; Public Health; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scheme; Schools; Snow; Speech; Temperament; Time; Toddler; Transcript; Variant; Videotape; Vocabulary; Vocabulary Test; caregiving; design; early childhood; father child interaction; father role; follow-up; high risk; indexing; instrument; kindergarten; literacy; peer; skills; socioeconomics; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children from low-income families are generally at a high risk for literacy problems and school failure (Fiorentino & Howe, 2004). This is partly because they are more likely to enter school with smaller vocabularies than their higher-income peers (Duncan et al., 2007; Snow, Burns & Griffin, 1998). The socioeconomic gap in Kindergarten language skills has been partly attributed to differences in the talk parents address to their children (Hart & Risley, 1995). In particular, the focus has been primarily on mother-child interactions and less so on how father-child interactions can influence children's language development. The lack of emphasis on father's linguistic contributions has been partially attributed to the view that low-income fathers are uninvolved with their children or that their roles are limited to "rough-and-tumble play" (Shannon, Tamis-LeMonda, London, & Cabrera, 2002). Yet recent findings indicate that fathers spend time with their young children and are involved in caregiving activities, which have been linked to children's cognitive development in the early years (Cabrera, Shannon, & Tamis-LeMonda, 2007). However, with few notable exceptions showing that fathers contribute to children's language over and above mothers' contribution (Panscofar & Vernon-Feagans, 2006), research on the role that low-income, minority fathers play in their children's language development is limited. This proposed research addresses this gap by focusing on low- income fathers' communication with children to understand: 1) its frequency and function, 2) its association with background factors, and 3) its relation to child language development, controlling for maternal language measures. The proposed research is both cross-sectional and longitudinal in design and uses observational data of father-child interactions collected by the National Early Head Start Evaluation study (EHS). The purpose of this proposal is to transcribe and apply a coding scheme to assess father-child language interactions in a sample of 50 Latino and 50 African American fathers and their children to better understand the role of paternal communication in child language development. The data are drawn from the National EHS Evaluation study. Father-child dyads were videotaped interacting in the home at child age 24 months. Follow-up assessments were conducted with the children in Pre-K. We will transcribe and apply existing language coding schemes to the proposed videotapes of fathers. More specifically, this pilot study will give us a sense of whether the coding schemes we use (drawn from studies with mostly White, middle-class families) can be applied to minority, monolingual and bilingual, low-income populations. Further, by combining language data from these transcripts with the publicly available data from the national study we will examine predictors of father language and the role of father language in children's language and cognitive development. Taking on this challenge and focusing on minority children, especially Latino children, is timely given that in the next decade or so Latino children are predicted to make up the largest proportion of children in U.S. schools. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Examining the linguistic influence that fathers have on their children's language development is relevant to public health because the findings can be used to promote children's wellbeing and success in school, especially among low-income minority children who are at risk for school failure.

描述（由申请人提供）：来自低收入家庭的儿童通常面临读写问题和学业失败的高风险（Fiorentino & Howe，2004）。部分原因是，与高收入同龄人相比，他们进入学校时词汇量较小（Duncan 等人，2007 年；Snow、Burns 和 Griffin，1998 年）。幼儿园语言技能的社会经济差距部分归因于父母对孩子讲话的差异（Hart＆Risley，1995）。特别是，重点主要集中在母子互动上，而不是父子互动如何影响儿童的语言发展。缺乏对父亲语言贡献的重视，部分原因是认为低收入父亲不参与孩子的生活，或者他们的角色仅限于“打闹游戏”（Shannon、Tamis-LeMonda、London 和卡布雷拉，2002）。然而最近的研究结果表明，父亲花时间陪伴年幼的孩子并参与看护活动，这与孩子早年的认知发展有关（Cabrera、Shannon 和 Tamis-LeMonda，2007）。然而，除了少数明显的例外情况表明，父亲对儿童语言的贡献超过了母亲的贡献（Panscofar & Vernon-Feagans，2006），关于低收入、少数族裔父亲在孩子语言发展中所扮演的角色的研究是有限的。这项拟议的研究通过关注低收入父亲与孩子的沟通来解决这一差距，以了解：1）其频率和功能，2）其与背景因素的关联，以及3）其与儿童语言发展的关系，控制母语测量。拟议的研究在设计上是横向和纵向的，并使用国家早期启蒙评估研究（EHS）收集的父子互动的观察数据。 该提案的目的是转录并应用编码方案来评估 50 名拉丁裔和 50 名非裔美国父亲及其子女的父子语言互动，以更好地了解父亲沟通在儿童语言发展中的作用。数据来源于国家EHS评价研究。 24 个月大时，父子二人在家里互动的视频被拍摄下来。对学前班的孩子进行了后续评估。我们将转录现有的语言编码方案并将其应用于拟议的父亲录像带。更具体地说，这项试点研究将使我们了解我们使用的编码方案（来自对大多数白人中产阶级家庭的研究）是否可以应用于少数族裔、单语和双语、低收入人群。此外，通过将这些成绩单中的语言数据与国家研究中的公开数据相结合，我们将研究父亲语言的预测因素以及父亲语言在儿童语言和认知发展中的作用。鉴于预计在未来十年左右的时间里，拉丁裔儿童将占美国学校儿童的最大比例，因此应对这一挑战并关注少数族裔儿童，尤其是拉丁裔儿童，是及时的。 公共卫生相关性：检查父亲对其孩子语言发展的语言影响与公共卫生相关，因为研究结果可用于促进儿童的福祉和在学校的成功，特别是对于面临学业失败风险的低收入少数族裔儿童。