Comparative Effects of Two Popular Diets in Veterans with the Metabolic Syndrome

两种流行饮食对患有代谢综合征的退伍军人的比较效果

• 批准号: 7685198
• 负责人: MICHAEL MILLER
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: BALTIMORE VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7685198
• 关键词: Acute; Adipose tissue; Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; Antioxidants; Area; Atherosclerosis; Biochemical; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; CETP gene; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cause of Death; Clinical Trials; Complex; Data; Diet; Diet Modification; Dietary Fats; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Dyslipidemias; Endothelium; Enzymes; Evaluation; Event; Exercise; Family member; Fatty Acids; General Population; Glucose; Health; Health Benefit; Healthcare; High Density Lipoproteins; Homeostasis; Impairment; Incidence; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Investigation; Laboratories; Lead; Life Style; Lifestyle Therapy; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Long-Term Effects; Mediating; Mediterranean Diet; Metabolic; Metabolic syndrome; Mission; Modeling; Monounsaturated Fatty Acids; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Patients; Physical activity; Physiological; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population; Prevalence; Property; Proteins; Recommendation; Regimen; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Structure; Testing; Therapeutic; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Unsaturated Fats; Vasodilation; Veterans; Visceral; Walking; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; X-Ray Computed Tomography; adiponectin; brachial artery; cardiovascular disorder risk; comparative; design; diabetic; diet and exercise; disorder prevention; fasting glucose; fitness; good diet; improved; inflammatory marker; interest; lipid transfer protein; men; monounsaturated fat; news; polyunsaturated fat; programs; public health relevance; response; saturated fat; waist circumference

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a common problem among Veterans and is associated with a greater likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Mediterranean diet is the only popular diet that has been shown to reduce CVD event rates but the extent to which monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enrichment results in improvement in parameters of MetS is unresolved. Similarly, while low intensity exercise improves the CVD risk factor profile, there have been no comparative investigations comparing MUFA and PUFA enriched diets and exercise in patients with MetS that have extended beyond 1 year. Recently, the VA established the MOVE! program, a national weight management program designed to help Veterans lose weight. Using the VA promoted program, we will perform a systematic evaluation of the effects of dietary fat composition [comparison between MUFA-enriched and PUFA enriched diet] with MOVE!. We hypothesize that a MUFA-enriched diet consisting of antioxidant, lipid reducing and insulin sensitizing properties will be superior to the less palatable PUFA- enriched diet on improving cardiometabolic parameters associated with MetS. Specifically, the MUFA MOVE! program is expected to lead to greater improvements than the PUFA MOVE! program in body composition and aerobic fitness (Specific Aim 1), endothelial dependent flow mediated vasodilation and the postprandial lipid response to a meal load (Specific Aim 2) and the mechanisms (lipolytic and lipid transfer protein activity, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance) responsible for these effects (Specific Aim 3). Collectively, these studies will advance our understanding of mechanisms underlying the differential effects of MUFA and PUFA-enriched dietary regimens on cardiometabolic health and when combined with the MOVE! program, will provide new and useful information to Veterans (and the general public) interested in optimizing their diets for CVD disease prevention and improved vascular health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Potential Impact on Veterans Health Care: According to a VA news release dated February 27, 2006, of the 7.5 million veterans receiving health benefits, more than 70% are obese and 20% are diabetic, which is considerably higher compared to the general U.S. population where the prevalence of DM approximates 7%. In view of these concerns, the VA and Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have embarked on a coordinated campaign to educate veterans and family members about the importance of attaining a healthier diet and lifestyle. In addition to dietary modification aimed at weight loss and improving biochemical and physiologic parameters of MetS, this proposal will also utilize the MOVE! program, a national weight management program designed by the VA in an effort to coordinate diet with daily walking to reduce body weight and improve cardiovascular health. Therefore, this proposal has direct relevance to the VA health care mission.

描述（由申请人提供）： 代谢综合症 (MetS) 是退伍军人中的一个常见问题，并且与心血管疾病 (CVD) 的可能性更大相关。地中海饮食是唯一已被证明可以降低 CVD 事件发生率的流行饮食，但单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA) 或多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 的富集在多大程度上导致 MetS 参数的改善尚未解决。同样，虽然低强度运动可以改善 CVD 危险因素，但目前还没有对 1 年以上的 MetS 患者的富含 MUFA 和 PUFA 的饮食和运动进行比较的比较研究。最近，VA 成立了 MOVE！计划，一项旨在帮助退伍军人减肥的国家体重管理计划。利用 VA 推广计划，我们将使用 MOVE! 对膳食脂肪成分的影响进行系统评估（富含 MUFA 和 PUFA 的饮食之间的比较）。我们假设，含有抗氧化、降脂和胰岛素增敏特性的富含 MUFA 的饮食在改善与 MetS 相关的心脏代谢参数方面将优于不太适口的富含 PUFA 的饮食。具体来说，就是MUFA MOVE！预计该计划将带来比 PUFA MOVE 更大的改进！身体成分和有氧健身计划（具体目标 1）、内皮依赖性血流介导的血管舒张和餐后脂质对膳食负荷的反应（具体目标 2）以及机制（脂肪分解和脂质转移蛋白活性、稳态模型评估-估计胰岛素抵抗） ）对这些影响负责（具体目标 3）。总的来说，这些研究将加深我们对 MUFA 和富含 PUFA 的饮食方案与 MOVE 相结合对心脏代谢健康的不同影响的机制的理解！计划，将为有兴趣优化饮食以预防心血管疾病和改善血管健康的退伍军人（和公众）提供新的有用信息。 公共卫生相关性： 对退伍军人医疗保健的潜在影响：根据退伍军人管理局 2006 年 2 月 27 日发布的新闻稿，在接受健康福利的 750 万退伍军人中，超过 70% 患有肥胖症，20% 患有糖尿病，这与美国普通人口相比要高得多其中 DM 患病率约为 7%。鉴于这些担忧，退伍军人管理局和卫生与公众服务部 (HHS) 已开始开展一项协调运动，教育退伍军人及其家人了解获得更健康饮食和生活方式的重要性。除了旨在减肥和改善 MetS 生化和生理参数的饮食调整外，该提案还将利用 MOVE！计划是由退伍军人管理局设计的一项国家体重管理计划，旨在协调饮食与日常步行，以减轻体重并改善心血管健康。因此，该提案与退伍军人管理局的医疗保健使命直接相关。