Impact of Trauma on the Longitudinal Development of Cognitive Control Networks in Healthy Youth

创伤对健康青少年认知控制网络纵向发展的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10752294
负责人：
Jake Son
金额：
$ 4.26万
依托单位：
FATHER FLANAGAN'S BOYS' HOME
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-05-30 至 2027-05-29
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752294
关键词：
15 year old Acute Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affect Age Anxiety Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavioral Brain Brain Mapping Brain region Child Childhood Chronic Chronology Clinical Cognitive Complex Consensus Data Decision Making Development Emotional Evaluation Executive Dysfunction Exhibits Exposure to Fellowship Frequencies Functional disorder Funding Goals Hair Health Hydrocortisone Image Impaired cognition Incidence Intervention Investigation Knowledge Literature Longevity Longitudinal Studies Magnetoencephalography Maps Measures Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Mentors Methods Neurologic Process Neurons Neuropsychology Output Participant Patient Self-Report Performance Physicians Prefrontal Cortex Psychiatry Psychopathology Regulation Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Research Project Grants Role Sampling Scientist Severities Source Specificity Statistical Data Interpretation Stress Stressful Event Techniques Time Training Trauma United States United States National Institutes of Health Work Youth analytical tool base career childhood adversity cognitive control cognitive function cognitive neuroscience cognitive testing critical developmental period density emotional functioning epidemiology study executive function experience hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis insight longitudinal design millisecond neural neurodevelopment neuroimaging neurophysiology reconstruction response spatiotemporal stressor trauma exposure traumatic event

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Psychiatric disorders are the most prevalent debilitating illnesses across the lifespan. Importantly, epidemiologic studies indicate that 75% of all diagnosable psychiatric disorders begin prior to age 24, highlighting the need for investigations of the developing brain. Exposure to traumatic events during childhood and adolescence can induce maladaptive functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to long-term structural and functional alterations in stress-sensitive brain regions that are known to be critical for cognitive control. Similar neural aberrations have been identified across a range of mental health disorders, including anxiety, ADHD, and depression. However, the extant literature focusing specifically on the impact of trauma and HPA axis activation on the development of cognitive control networks is extremely sparse. Given the high incidence of trauma in youth and ties with psychopathology, it is imperative that we develop a more detailed understanding of the neurophysiological changes underlying brain development in the context of trauma exposure. The proposed fellowship aims to partially remedy these knowledge gaps by utilizing the excellent spatial and temporal precision (i.e., millisecond) of magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate the developmental trajectory of brain networks critical to cognitive control and the impact of trauma and HPA axis activation on such networks. Briefly, participants between the ages of 6 to 15 years-old will annually complete a cognitive control task during MEG, complete cognitive and emotional assessments, and provide hair samples. The resulting MEG data will be transformed into the time-frequency domain and imaged using a beamforming approach, while the hair samples will be used to compute mean cortisol concentrations over 3 months. The output dynamic functional maps will be used to examine spectrally specific brain responses that are developmentally-sensitive in regions critical to cognitive control. Aim 1 will map the longitudinal development of neural dynamics and network connectivity that underlie response selection in typically-developing youth from age 6 to 15 years-old. Aim 2 will determine the impact of trauma exposure and HPA axis activation on the longitudinal development of cognitive control networks, neuropsychological performance, and emotional health. To this end, we will leverage the latest MEG and source reconstruction techniques, neural oscillatory dynamics and connectivity analysis methods, hair cortisol concentrations, and cognitive assessments to map variability in the neurophysiological bases of cognitive control development in healthy youth. In addition to the sponsor, who is a developmental cognitive neuroscientist with extensive mentoring and NIH funding experience, we will leverage an expert mentoring team comprised of leaders in cortisol analysis (Dr. Megan Gunnar), trauma assessment (Dr. Patrick Tyler), and the neuronal impact of childhood adversity (Dr. Christopher Monk). In summary, this research will aid in providing a more complete foundational understanding of the key neurological processes underlying cognitive control perturbations in youth with trauma and identify potential windows for intervention.

项目概要/摘要精神疾病是一生中最普遍的使人衰弱的疾病。重要的是，流行病学研究表明，75% 的可诊断精神疾病开始于 24 岁之前，这凸显了需要对发育中的大脑的研究。童年和青少年时期遭受创伤事件可能会导致诱发下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的适应不良功能，导致长期结构性以及已知对认知控制至关重要的压力敏感大脑区域的功能改变。在一系列精神健康疾病中也发现了类似的神经畸变，包括焦虑、多动症和抑郁症。然而，现有文献专门关注创伤和 HPA 的影响轴激活对认知控制网络发展的影响极其稀疏。鉴于发病率高青少年创伤及其与精神病理学的联系，我们有必要更详细地了解创伤暴露背景下大脑发育的神经生理学变化。拟议的研究金旨在通过利用优秀的空间和知识来部分弥补这些知识差距脑磁图（MEG）的时间精度（即毫秒）来研究发育对认知控制至关重要的大脑网络轨迹以及创伤和 HPA 轴激活对其的影响网络。简而言之，年龄在 6 至 15 岁之间的参与者每年将完成一次认知控制 MEG 期间的任务，完成认知和情绪评估，并提供头发样本。所得 MEG 数据将被转换到时频域并使用波束形成方法进行成像，而头发样本将用于计算 3 个月内的平均皮质醇浓度。输出动态泛函地图将用于检查特定区域的光谱特定大脑反应，这些反应对发育敏感对认知控制至关重要。目标 1 将绘制神经动力学和网络的纵向发展图连通性是 6 至 15 岁典型发育青少年反应选择的基础。目标2将确定创伤暴露和 HPA 轴激活对认知纵向发展的影响控制网络、神经心理学表现和情绪健康。为此，我们将利用最新的 MEG 和源重建技术、神经振荡动力学和连接分析方法、头发皮质醇浓度和认知评估，以绘制认知神经生理学基础的变异性控制健康青少年的发育。除了赞助商之外，他还是一名发育认知神经科学家凭借丰富的指导和 NIH 资助经验，我们将利用由以下人员组成的专家指导团队：皮质醇分析（Megan Gunnar 博士）、创伤评估（Patrick Tyler 博士）和神经元影响方面的领导者童年逆境（克里斯托弗·蒙克博士）。总之，这项研究将有助于提供更完整的对青少年认知控制扰动背后的关键神经过程的基本理解创伤并确定潜在的干预窗口。