Opto-Electrical Cochlear Implants

光电人工耳蜗

• 批准号: 10618825
• 负责人: CLAUS-PETER RICHTER
• 金额: $ 40.75万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-15 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10618825
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustic Stimulation; Acoustics; Action Potentials; Acute; American; Animal Model; Auditory; Bionics; Clinic; Clinical; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Collaborations; Communication; Craniotomy; Data; Development; Diameter; Electric Stimulation; Electric Wiring; Electrodes; Encapsulated; Environment; Equipment; Excision; Felis catus; Fiber Optics; Goals; Good Manufacturing Process; Hearing; Human; Hybrids; Implant; Implanted Electrodes; Industrialization; Infrared Rays; Institution; Intraoperative Monitoring; Language; Length; Light; Manufacturer; Measurement; Measures; Medical Device; Methods; Modality; Monitor; Music; Neurons; Operating Rooms; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Patients; Perception; Performance; Photons; Physiologic pulse; Polishes; Preparation; Psychophysics; Pulse Rates; Radiation; Research; Risk; Risk Assessment; Saline; Scala Tympani; Scientist; Silicones; Site; Skull Base Neoplasms; Societies; Source; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Surgeon; System; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; Tissues; Translating; United States Food and Drug Administration; Work; Writing; aqueous; clinical center; deaf; design; experience; experimental study; fabrication; first-in-human; human study; implantable device; improved; in vivo; industry partner; manufacture; miniaturize; neural prosthesis; neural stimulation; next generation; novel; optical fiber; physical property; pre-clinical research; prototype; recruit; response; round window; sound; speech in noise; spiral ganglion; success; tool; tumor; waveguide

Project Summary / Abstract Our goal is to develop an optical cochlear implant (oCI) that uses photons to stimulate surviving auditory neurons in severely-to-profoundly deaf. The benefit of optical stimulation is its spatial selectivity with the potential to create significantly more independent channels to encode acoustic information and to enhance the CI users’ performance in challenging listening environments and to improve music appreciation. In previous experiments we have defined the parameter space for infrared neural stimulation (INS) in diverse animal models, including the cat. To translate the method into a clinical tool, an opto-electrical cochlear implant, we have to convert the parameter space defined for the cats to the larger cochlea of the humans. In preparation of the study we have communicated with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have submitted a Q- submission for a study risk assessment for the first set of the proposed tests. The purpose of this study is to show that optical and combined opto-electrical stimulation is possible in humans using optical fibers, optical fiber bundles, and a hybrid opto-electrical cochlear implant. Furthermore, the tests will also validate that INS is possible at radiation wavelengths, which are used commercially in communication and for which the technology of optical sources and waveguides is well miniaturized and matured. Most importantly, we will use a forward masking method to validate the view that optical stimulation is spatially more selective than electrical stimulation by comparing the ability of a masking stimulus to reduce the response amplitude of a probe stimulus. Test subjects will be patients with large tumors of the skull base, who require a translabyrinthine craniotomy for tumor removal. For this surgical approach the cochlea and vestibular system will be damaged and the patients will be deaf after surgery. This surgery provides an unique opportunity to test optical stimulation in the human cochlea before it is removed during the tumor resection. Important data can be gathered, which will drive the development of an implantable opto-electrical cochlear implant system by our industrial collaborators. The measurements will take no longer than 30 minutes per patient, after which all the equipment will be removed from the surgical filed and the tumor resection surgery continues.

项目概要/摘要 我们的目标是开发一种光学人工耳蜗 (oCI)，利用光子刺激幸存的听觉 光刺激的好处在于其对重度至极重度耳聋的神经元的空间选择性。 有潜力创建更显着独立的通道来编码声学信息并增强 CI 用户在具有挑战性的聆听环境中的表现并提高了音乐欣赏能力。 实验中我们定义了不同动物的红外神经刺激（INS）的参数空间 为了将该方法转化为临床工具，即光电人工耳蜗植入物，我们 必须将为猫定义的参数空间转换为人类更大的耳蜗。 我们已与美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 沟通了该研究，并提交了 Q- 提交第一组拟议测试的研究风险评估 本研究的目的是 表明使用光纤、光学刺激对人体进行光学刺激和组合光电刺激是可能的 此外，测试还将验证 INS 的有效性。 可能在辐射波长，这是商业上用于通信和为此 光源和波导技术已经非常小型化和成熟，最重要的是，我们将使用一种。 前向掩蔽方法验证光刺激在空间上比电刺激更具选择性的观点 通过比较掩蔽刺激降低探针响应幅度的能力来进行刺激 测试对象是患有颅底大肿瘤、需要经迷路手术的患者。 开颅手术切除肿瘤，这种手术方法会损伤耳蜗和前庭系统。 手术后患者将失聪。这项手术提供了一个独特的测试光学的机会。 在肿瘤切除过程中去除人类耳蜗之前的刺激可以是重要的数据。 聚集在一起，这将推动我们的可植入光电人工耳蜗植入系统的开发 每个患者的测量时间不会超过 30 分钟，之后所有的测量都会完成。 设备将从手术场移除，肿瘤切除手术继续进行。