Single domain antibodies for diagnosis and treatment of synucleinopathies

用于诊断和治疗突触核蛋白病的单域抗体

基本信息

批准号：
10915130
负责人：
Einar M Sigurdsson
金额：
$ 71.75万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-30 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10915130
关键词：
Affinity Alzheimer&apos s Disease Amyloid Amyloid beta-Protein Antibodies Attention B-Lymphocytes Binding Biological Assay Blood - brain barrier anatomy Brain Cell membrane Clinical Clinical Trials Data Deposition Diagnosis Diagnostic Diagnostic Imaging Disease Drug or chemical Tissue Distribution Endocytosis Engineering Epitopes FDA approved Half-Life Image Immunize Immunoglobulin Fragments Immunoglobulin G Immunotherapy In Vitro Intercellular Fluid Intravenous Length Lesion Lewy Bodies Lewy Body Dementia Libraries Llama Mediating Modeling Multiple System Atrophy Mus Neurons Parkinson Disease Pathogenesis Pathologic Penetration Phage Display Phase Post-Translational Protein Processing Prions Proteins Public Health Publishing Reporting Research Signal Transduction Solubility Tauopathies Therapeutic Thrombocytopenia Tissues Toxic effect Treatment Efficacy Vaccines abeta accumulation alpha synuclein beta pleated sheet gene therapy imaging potential imaging probe improved in vivo in vivo imaging intravenous administration intravenous injection mouse synuclein alpha nanobodies novel phase III trial prevent protein folding receptor small molecule synucleinopathy targeted imaging targeted treatment tau Proteins tau aggregation uptake

项目摘要

Abstract Immunotherapies targeting aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ), tau and α-synuclein (αsyn) are the most common experimental approach for diseases characterized by such depositions. Most of these potential therapies are whole antibodies. Antibody fragments have certain advantages over antibodies but their diagnostic and therapeutic potential has not been well explored. Five anti-αsyn IgG antibodies and one αsyn vaccine are in Phase 1-2 clinical trials, and one Aβ antibody recently showed clinical benefit in a Phase 3 trial, which strongly supports this therapeutic approach. Regarding antibody fragments, several anti-αsyn single chain variable fragments (scFvs) are effective in culture and in vivo, and two anti-αsyn single domain antibodies (sdAbs) have been characterized in a binding assay but their therapeutic efficacy or diagnostic imaging potential have not been reported. SdAbs have several advantages over scFvs, including higher affinity, binding to cryptic epitopes and simpler engineering. They are also more suitable for gene therapy because of uncomplicated expression and predictable protein folding, given their single domain, resulting in high solubility. We have developed 58 anti-αsyn sdAb clones with unique binding regions from a screen of phage display libraries generated from B-cells of a llama immunized with αsyn. Three aims are proposed to clarify their potential to detect and clear αsyn in vivo. Aim 1 will determine the in vivo imaging potential of sdAbs targeting αsyn. Aim 2 will clarify αsyn clearance potential and mechanism of action of sdAbs targeting αsyn, and Aim 3 will explore the feasibility of sdAb gene therapy targeting αsyn. Preliminary findings indicate that the sdAbs: 1) recognize various forms of αsyn with high affinity; 2) clear αsyn and prevent its toxicity in culture models; 3) clear αsyn from brain interstitial fluid in αsyn mice; 4) bind to αsyn in the brain of αsyn mice after intravenous injection with in vivo brain signal that correlates well with αsyn brain burden; 5) clear αsyn from the brain after intravenous injection of sdAb with improved clearance by its PROTAC derivative, and; 6) clear αsyn from the brain after intravenous sdAb gene therapy. It is hypothesized that the small size of the sdAbs will provide diagnostic and therapeutic benefits over whole antibodies, primarily because of greater access into the brain and to the target, proper folding for gene therapy, and to some extent due to their binding to novel epitopes that the larger antibodies cannot access. Overall, the proposed studies are likely to aid in clarifying αsyn pathogenesis, decipher the mechanism of action of the sdAbs, and identify promising diagnostic and therapeutic sdAbs for clinical trials on synucleinopathies such as Lewy Body Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease with Lewy Bodies, and Multiple System Atrophy.

抽象的针对淀粉样蛋白-β (Aβ)、tau 和 α-突触核蛋白 (αsyn) 聚集体的免疫疗法是最常见的针对以此类沉积为特征的疾病的常见实验方法。抗体片段比抗体有一定的优势，但它们的治疗方法是完整抗体。五种抗 αsyn IgG 抗体和一种 αsyn 的诊断和治疗潜力尚未得到充分探索。疫苗正在进行 1-2 期临床试验，并且一种 Aβ 抗体最近在 3 期试验中显示出临床益处，关于抗体片段，几种抗αsyn的抗体片段强烈支持这种治疗方法。链可变片段 (scFv) 在培养物和体内均有效，并且两个抗 αsyn 单结构域抗体 (sdAb) 已通过结合测定进行了表征，但其治疗功效或诊断效果 SdAb 与 scFv 相比具有多种优势，包括更高的成像潜力。它们也更适合基因治疗。由于不复杂的表达和可预测的蛋白质折叠，考虑到它们的单一结构域，导致高溶解度。我们通过噬菌体筛选开发了 58 个具有独特结合区域的抗 αsyn sdAb 克隆从用 αsyn 免疫的美洲驼 B 细胞生成的展示文库提出了三个目标来澄清。它们在体内检测和清除 αsyn 的潜力将决定 sdAb 的体内成像潜力。目标 2 将阐明 αsyn 的清除潜力和靶向 αsyn 的 sdAb 的作用机制， Aim 3将探索针对αsyn的sdAb基因治疗的可行性。初步研究结果表明，sdAb：1）以高亲和力识别各种形式的αsyn；2）清除αsyn并防止其在培养模型中的毒性；3)清除αsyn小鼠脑间质液中的αsyn；静脉注射后与 αsyn 小鼠大脑中的 αsyn 结合，与体内脑信号相关性良好 5) 静脉注射sdAb后清除大脑中的αsyn，改善通过其PROTAC衍生物清除，并且；6)在静脉注射sdAb基因治疗后清除大脑中的αsyn。据了解，小尺寸的 sdAb 将提供整体诊断和治疗益处抗体，主要是因为更容易进入大脑和目标，基因治疗的正确折叠，在某种程度上，由于它们与较大抗体无法访问的新表位结合。总体而言，拟议的研究可能有助于阐明 αsyn 发病机制，破译其机制 sdAbs 的作用，并确定有前途的诊断和治疗性 sdAbs 用于临床试验突触核蛋白病，例如路易体痴呆、帕金森病、路易体阿尔茨海默病、和多系统萎缩。