State economic support policies on the prevention of child abuse and neglect during and post the COVID-19 pandemic: Bridging evidence with policy implementation

关于在 COVID-19 大流行期间和之后预防虐待和忽视儿童的国家经济支持政策：将证据与政策实施联系起来

• 批准号: 10740071
• 负责人: Liwei Zhang
• 金额: $ 13.24万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-21 至 2028-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740071
• 关键词: Address; Advocacy; COVID-19 pandemic; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child abuse prevention; Collaborations; Communities; Community Actions; County; Data; Data Analyses; Data Linkages; Disasters; Economics; Ethnic Origin; Experimental Designs; Family; Food; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; Housing; Individual; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Missouri; Natural experiment; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Policy Analysis; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Process; Public Health; Race; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Rural; Security; Series; Stress; Training; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Visit; caregiving; community based participatory research; community based practice; community engagement; community setting; complex data; coronavirus disease; cost; design; economic disparity; experience; flexibility; future pandemic; health inequalities; high risk; improved; innovation; knowledge base; kohl; member; neglect; people of color; post-COVID-19; prevent; prevention practice; programs; service providers; socioeconomics; stressor; success; synergism; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is a pressing and costly public health issue with negative lifelong consequences. Children living in economically disadvantaged families and communities are at high risk for experiencing CAN or receiving CAN reports. Though not all types of CAN are preventable, theories and empirical studies suggest policies strengthening economic security may be potentially effective strategies to prevent a significant portion of CAN by improving caregiving capacity and parental well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic (hereafter, COVID) has exacerbated economic hardship and parental stress, creating additional risks related to CAN. To address material hardship and health inequity, states with differing contexts developed or expanded innovative economic support policies, with various approaches in timing, policy selection, and implementation. Understanding how COVID-related policy changes impacted CAN is essential to inform the design of CAN prevention strategies in the COVID-recovery era and plan for future disasters. Further, central to recovery from COVID (and other similar disasters) is the mobilization of community resources and collective actions by community members. Although the goal of macro-level policy evaluation is to improve community-based CAN prevention practices, little effort has been made to engage local communities in the identification and implementation of community-based policies. Leveraging a natural experimental design with nationwide data, along with a community-based participatory design, this study will 1) examine how changes in state-based economic support policies during and post COVID, individually and in synergy with each other, impact CAN report and related family stressors; 2) investigate how states' policy effects vary by county poverty rate, racial/ethnic composition, and rural/urban status; 3) engage families and service providers in how policies are implemented at the local level with the aim to identify effective CAN prevention strategies in local community settings. To accomplish the proposed project goals, the PI will receive mentorship from a group of interdisciplinary experts, including Drs. Melissa Jonson-Reid, Derek Brown, and Patricia Kohl, take full advantage of the extensive resources at the NIH-funded Center for Innovation in Child Maltreatment Policy, Research and Training (P50HD096719), and extend existing partnerships with community stakeholders in Missouri. The PI will receive training in 1) performing policy evaluations with rigorous causal inference methodologies; 2) managing and analyzing large-scale ecological data; 3) conducting community-based participatory research; 4) developing NIH grants and disseminating research evidence for CAN prevention. This K01 award will enable the PI to conduct independent, community-engaged, and policy-relevant research informing states' selection and implementation of policies to prevent CAN.

项目概要/摘要 虐待和忽视儿童（CAN）是一个紧迫且代价高昂的公共卫生问题，对儿童造成终生负面影响。 结果。生活在经济弱势家庭和社区的儿童面临着很高的风险 正在经历 CAN 或接收 CAN 报告。尽管并非所有类型的 CAN 都是可以预防的，但理论和 实证研究表明加强经济安全的政策可能是潜在有效的战略 通过提高护理能力和父母的福祉来预防大部分 CAN。这 COVID-19 大流行（以下简称“新冠肺炎”）加剧了经济困难和父母压力，造成 与 CAN 相关的其他风险。为了解决物质困难和健康不平等问题，各州采取了不同的措施 制定或扩大创新性经济支持政策，并在时机上采用各种方法， 政策选择、实施。了解与新冠病毒相关的政策变化对 CAN 的影响 对于在新冠病毒恢复时代设计 CAN 预防策略和规划未来至关重要 灾难。此外，从新冠肺炎（和其他类似灾难）中恢复的核心是动员 社区资源和社区成员的集体行动。虽然宏观目标 政策评估的目的是改善基于社区的 CAN 预防实践，但在这方面几乎没有做出任何努力 让当地社区参与确定和实施基于社区的政策。 利用自然实验设计和全国数据以及基于社区的 参与式设计，本研究将 1) 研究国家经济支持政策如何变化 在新冠肺炎期间和之后，单独地以及相互协同地影响 CAN 报告和相关系列 压力源； 2) 调查各州的政策效果如何因县贫困率、种族/民族构成而异， 以及农村/城市状况； 3) 让家庭和服务提供者参与政策的实施 地方层面，旨在确定当地社区环境中有效的 CAN 预防策略。 为了实现拟议的项目目标，PI 将接受一组跨学科人士的指导 专家，包括博士。 Melissa Jonson-Reid、Derek Brown 和 Patricia Kohl 充分利用 NIH 资助的儿童虐待政策、研究和创新中心拥有丰富的资源 培训（P50HD096719），并扩大与密苏里州社区利益相关者的现有合作伙伴关系。这 PI 将接受以下方面的培训：1) 使用严格的因果推理方法进行政策评估； 2） 管理和分析大规模生态数据； 3）开展社区参与 研究; 4) 制定 NIH 拨款并传播预防 CAN 的研究证据。这个K01 该奖项将使 PI 能够开展独立的、社区参与的、与政策相关的研究 告知各州选择和实施预防 CAN 的政策。