Improving Reproducibility of Respondent Driven Sampling through Adaptive Design - Diversity Supplement

通过自适应设计提高受访者驱动抽样的可重复性 - 多样性补充

• 批准号: 10631522
• 负责人: Sung-Hee Lee
• 金额: $ 1.26万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10631522
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccination; Cities; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Data Science; Drug usage; Ego; Elderly; Epidemic; Ethnic Origin; Grant; Harm Reduction; Health; Incidence; Injecting drug user; Measures; Methods; Michigan; Overdose; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preventive; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Project Grants; Respondent; Risk; Sampling; Social Functioning; Social Network; Subgroup; Surveys; Techniques; Time; Training; Vaccination; Work; base; data visualization; design; doctoral student; economic determinant; ethnic minority; ethnic minority population; health disparity; improved; innovation; insight; news; opportunity cost; overdose death; overdose risk; pandemic disease; power analysis; racial and ethnic; social determinants; statistics; substance use; syndemic; trend

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn much attention from the public in 2020. Since restrictions related to COVID-19 took place, troubling news about an increase in overdose-related fatalities emerged. In fact, 2021 saw a record high number of overdose death. Because those who are already subject to the negative effects of social and economic determinants of health (e.g., older persons, racial/ethnic minorities) are also affected by both COVID-19 and fatal overdose disproportionately, this collision between the COVID-19 pandemic and the overdose epidemic is creating a syndemic. Because the pandemic has been associated with an increase in substance use for racial/ethnic minorities, existing health disparities are expected to exacerbate. A clear example is the City of Detroit, where 90% of the residents are racial/ethnic minorities. As of May 2022, Detroit’s COVID-19 mortality rate is 522 per 100k residents, and its fatal overdose rate is 77 per 100k, each two to three times higher than the national average, while the COVID-19 confirmation rate is lower. Another concerning observation is Detroit’s vaccination rate of 41.4%, which is lower by over 20 % point than the national average. This syndemic, combined with low vaccination rates, is likely to produce negative impacts beyond health, including the economy through the lost opportunity costs. Despite this concerning trend, little is known about the effect of the syndemic on communities of persons who inject drugs (PWID), including basic statistics about COVID-19 vaccination and harm reduction practices. The mechanisms behind these preventive practices are complicated, involving not only PWID’s own behaviors but also influences from their social networks. Moreover, the mechanism may differ by age and race/ethnicity. Therefore, it is critical to examine the syndemic with social networks, particularly for older and racial/ethnic minority PWID who are at a greater risk. This diversity supplement study builds on a parent R01 grant that currently is in the field collecting data from PWID using respondent driven sampling (RDS) in Southeast Michigan. Based on our prior work, a majority of PWID from this area are older and racial/ethnic minorities, implying robust statistical power for the analysis that provides insights into older PWID and racial/ethnic minority PWID. Thanks to the RDS method, innovative social network measures beyond ego-centric self-reports will be introduced in understanding PWID’s vaccination and harm reduction practices. The proposed research has strong potential to address the urgent need to assess the syndemic and its effect on older PWID. Specifically, the study aims to describe the extent of COVID-19 vaccination, overdose incidence and preventive practices among PWID and analyze them as a function of social networks with specific considerations given to age and race/ethnicity. This diversity supplement is uniquely positioned to provide a trainee-candidate, a doctoral student in survey and data science, rigorous training on innovative data collection methods for hard-to-reach population subgroups as well as cutting-edge analytic techniques for RDS data and data visualization with social networks.

2020 年，COVID-19 大流行引起了公众的广泛关注。 事实上，2021 年发生了新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 事件，有关服药过量相关死亡人数增加的令人不安的消息也随之出现。 服药过量死亡人数创历史新高，因为那些已经受到服药负面影响的人。 健康的社会和经济决定因素（例如老年人、少数种族/族裔）也受到以下因素的影响 COVID-19 和致命过量用药的比例不成比例，COVID-19 大流行与服药过量之间的冲突 药物过量流行正在造成一种综合症，因为这种流行病与病例的增加有关。 少数族裔/族裔的物质使用问题，现有的健康差距预计将进一步恶化。 以底特律市为例，截至 2022 年 5 月，该市 90% 的居民是少数族裔。 COVID-19 死亡率为每 10 万居民 522 例，其致命过量用药率为每 10 万居民 77 例，每 2 至 3 例 比全国平均水平高出一倍，而 COVID-19 确诊率却较低。 底特律的疫苗接种率为41.4%，比全国平均水平低20个百分点以上。 这种综合症加上疫苗接种率低，可能会产生健康以外的负面影响， 尽管存在这一令人担忧的趋势，但人们对此知之甚少。 该综合症对注射吸毒者（PWID）社区的影响，包括有关的基本统计数据 COVID-19 疫苗接种和减少伤害实践这些预防措施背后的机制是。 情况很复杂，不仅涉及吸毒者自身的行为，还涉及其社交网络的影响。 此外，该机制可能因年龄和种族/民族而异，因此检查该综合征至关重要。 社交网络，特别是对于面临更大风险的老年人和少数族裔/族裔吸毒者。 这项多样性补充研究建立在目前正在现场收集数据的母公司 R01 资助的基础上 根据我们之前的工作，来自密歇根州东南部的注射吸毒者使用受访者驱动抽样 (RDS) 得出的结果。 该地区的大多数注射吸毒者都是年龄较大且种族健全/少数族裔的人，这意味着该地区的统计效力 借助 RDS 方法，可以深入了解老年吸毒者和少数族裔吸毒者。 将在理解中引入超越以自我为中心的自我报告的创新社交网络措施 注射吸毒者的疫苗接种和减少伤害实践具有解决这一问题的巨大潜力。 迫切需要评估该综合征及其对老年注射吸毒者的影响。具体而言，该研究旨在描述该综合征。 吸毒者中的 COVID-19 疫苗接种程度、过量发生率和预防措施并进行分析 作为社交网络的功能，特别考虑了年龄和种族/民族的这种多样性。 补充品具有独特的地位，可以提供调查和数据方面的实习生候选人、博士生 科学、针对难以接触的人群亚群体的创新数据收集方法的严格培训 作为 RDS 数据和社交网络数据可视化的尖端分析技术。