Configuring microelectrodes for safe and effective chronic electrical stimulation

配置微电极以实现安全有效的慢性电刺激

• 批准号: 9010988
• 负责人: Douglas Buchanan McCreery
• 金额: $ 44.48万
• 依托单位: HUNTINGTON MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9010988
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Adult; Apoptosis; Area; Cerebral cortex; Charge; Chronic; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Data; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Family Felidae; Feedback; Felis catus; Future; Goals; Histologic; Hour; Implant; Implanted Electrodes; Inflammation; Injury; Investigation; Limb Prosthesis; Mental Depression; Methods; Microelectrodes; Microglia; Neuronal Injury; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neuropathy; Neurosciences; Ocular Prosthesis; Oxidative Stress; Pathologic; Pathology; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Protocols documentation; Pulse Rates; Pyramidal Tracts; Role; Silicon; Site; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Surface; Synapses; Tactile; Tissues; clinical application; density; design; microstimulation; neural stimulation; neuron loss; neuronal excitability; protocol development; relating to nervous system; response; somatosensory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The project goal is to quantify the roles and interactions of stimulus charge density (QD) and charge per phase (Q) in the induction of depression of neuronal excitability and loss of neurons during prolonged microstimulation in the cerebral cortex. We will examine these effects of the microstimulation in the immediate vicinity of the stimulating microelectrodes in the feline post-cruciate gyrus of the cerebral cortex, and also the remote effects in the adjacent pre-cruciate gyrus. The relations between Q, QD and the occurrence (or absence) of neuronal injury have been determined for larger "macroelectrodes" and has enabled development of protocols for safe and effective electrical stimulation with neural interfaces, and we propose to do the same for intraparenchymal microstimulation. Safe (and damaging) protocols for intraparenchymal microstimulation have been determined for some specific situations, but for microstimulation a systematic study has not been performed for the interactions of Q,QD and the physiologic and histologic responses. The proposed study will employ silicon substrate microelectrodes and microwire electrodes implanted chronically in the sensorimotor cortex of adult cats. We will identify combinations of Q and QD that are able to excite pyramidal tract neurons of the cerebral cortex without producing depression of neuronal excitability or loss during 200 hours of stimulation (8 hrs/day for 25 days). The range of Q to be evaluated (2 to 16 nC/phase) will span all or most of the range that is likely to be used in a clinical interface. The stimulus will be delivered for 7 hour per day, for a total of 210 hours at a pulse rate of 50 pps. This is intended to be a realistic representative of the parameters that would be used in a clinical neural interface. Since Q/QD = A, the electrodes' geometric surface area, the data from the study will define the value of A that is necessary and sufficient to allow safe and effective chronic microstimulation in the cerebral cortex using a specified charge per phase.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是量化刺激电荷密度（QD）和每相电荷（Q）在大脑皮层长时间微刺激过程中诱导神经元兴奋性抑制和神经元损失中的作用和相互作用。 我们将检查猫大脑皮层后十字回中刺激微电极附近的微刺激的影响，以及邻近前十字回的远程影响。 Q、QD 与神经元损伤的发生（或不存在）之间的关系已针对较大的“宏电极”确定，并已能够开发神经接口安全有效的电刺激方案，我们建议对实质内微刺激做同样的事情。 对于某些特定情况，已经确定了脑实质内微刺激的安全（和破坏性）方案，但对于微刺激，尚未对 Q、QD 与生理和组织学反应的相互作用进行系统研究。 拟议的研究将采用长期植入成年猫感觉运动皮层的硅基板微电极和微线电极。 我们将确定 Q 和 QD 的组合，它们能够兴奋大脑皮层的锥体束神经元，而不会在 200 小时的刺激（每天 8 小时，持续 25 天）期间产生神经元兴奋性抑制或丧失。 待评估的 Q 范围（2 至 16 nC/相）将跨越临床界面中可能使用的全部或大部分范围。 每天将提供 7 小时的刺激，总共 210 小时，脉搏率为 50 pps。 这旨在成为临床神经接口中使用的参数的现实代表。 由于 Q/QD = A（电极的几何表面积），因此研究数据将定义 A 的值，该值对于使用每相指定的电荷在大脑皮层中进行安全有效的慢性微刺激是必要且充分的。