Neural basis of temporal decision making

时间决策的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
9007934
负责人：
DAEYEOL LEE
金额：
$ 41.07万
依托单位：
YALE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-12-15 至 2020-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9007934
关键词：
Accounting Adaptive Behaviors Animals Area Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Brain Choice Behavior Clinical Cognitive Complex Data Decision Making Diagnosis Dimensions Disease Environment Event Foundations Future Goals Health Human Impairment Impulsivity Individual Knowledge Lateral Lead Life Medial Mental Depression Mental disorders Modeling Monitor Monkeys Motor Nature Neurobiology Outcome Overweight Parietal Parietal Lobe Parkinson Disease Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Property Rewards Role Schizophrenia Sensory Signal Transduction Societies Specificity Staging Substance abuse problem Testing Time base behavioral impairment behavioral response clinically significant cost design discounting flexibility improved insight nervous system disorder neuromechanism novel operation relating to nervous system research study response time interval time use

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): All cognitive operations including perceptual and motor processes unfold in time, and actions lead to successful outcomes only when they are executed at appropriate times. However, controlling multiple actions and monitoring their outcomes over a relatively long temporal interval poses challenging computational problems for the brain. Moreover, the ability to utilize temporal information is impaired in various psychiatric and neurological disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Parkinson's disease, and substance abuse. Despite such broad theoretical and clinical significance, previous neurobiological studies on timing behavior and temporal decision-making have focused narrowly on the brain functions related to a single temporal interval or a unitary reward. The main goal of this proposal is to gain novel insights into the neural mechanisms capable of concurrently monitoring multiple temporal intervals and evaluating the value of multiple outcomes in a sequence. First, we will investigate the anatomical specificity of timing signals in the medial and lateral areas of the primate prefrontal cortex using a task that requires the animal to plan different actions according to two concurrent temporal intervals. We will test the hypothesis that the medial prefrontal cortex plays a special role in creating the internal timing signals from transient sensory events and transforming them into motor responses. Second, we will study the mechanism in the fronto-parietal network for integrating the values of multiple rewards in a sequence while the animal chooses between two separate temporally extended reward sequences. Specifically, we hypothesize that the flexible transformation of signals related to reward magnitude between the posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex underlies the process of integrating the values of individual rewards into a single decision variable. The results from these two experiments will advance our knowledge about how the brain handles the timing information about multiple events efficiently, and lay the foundation for understanding the nature of clinical conditions with impaired abilities to process temporal information.

描述（由申请人提供）：包括知觉和运动过程在内的所有认知操作都会及时展开，只有在适当的时间执行动作才能产生成功的结果，但是，在相对较长的时间间隔内控制多个动作并监控其结果就构成了。此外，在各种精神病学中，利用时间信息的能力受到损害。尽管具有如此广泛的理论和临床意义，但先前关于时间行为和时间决策的神经生物学研究仍狭隘地集中于与时间相关的大脑功能。该提案的主要目标是获得对能够同时监控多个时间间隔并评估序列中多个结果的价值的神经机制的新见解。定时信号在灵长类前额叶皮层的内侧和外侧区域，使用一项要求动物根据两个并发时间间隔计划不同动作的任务，我们将测试内侧前额叶皮层在产生内部计时信号方面发挥特殊作用的假设。其次，我们将研究额顶叶网络中的机制，用于在动物在两个单独的时间扩展奖励序列之间进行选择时将多个奖励的值整合在一起。赞赏信号的灵活转换与后顶叶皮层和前额叶皮层之间的奖励大小相关的信息是将个体奖励的值整合到单个决策变量中的过程的基础，这两个实验的结果将增进我们对大脑如何处理多个时间信息的了解。有效地处理事件，并为理解处理时间信息能力受损的临床状况的本质奠定基础。