Improving the Speed of Galvo-Scanners

提高振镜扫描仪的速度

基本信息

批准号：
10616930
负责人：
CHRIS XU
金额：
$ 32.8万
依托单位：
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

Abstract Optical methods provide high-resolution, non-invasive measurement of neural function, ranging from single neurons to entire populations, in the intact brain. Nevertheless, limited penetration depth, spatial scale and temporal resolution remain the main challenges for optical imaging. Laser scanning multiphoton microscopy is the main technology used for cellular-level imaging in scattering brains. Because of the point scanning nature of laser scanning microscopy, the speed of the optical scanner determines the imaging speed, even when there is sufficient signal strength for fast imaging. For inertially dependent scanners like galvanometers and resonant scanners, increasing the scan speed requires decreasing the moment of inertia of the dynamic component, while the need for high spatial resolution requires increasing the aperture of the scan mirror. The balancing of these two conflicting requirements has limited commercially available galvanometer scanners at approximately the same speed for the last 30 to 40 years. The focus of this proposal is to demonstrate a new concept that will improve the scan speed of galvanometer-based optical scanners (galvo-scanners), and increasing the imaging speed of laser scanning microscopy. The proposed new concept leverages the uniaxial nature of galvanometer scanning, i.e., a galvo-scanner scans one spatial dimension only, which leaves the orthogonal dimension free for manipulation. By using a cylindrical lens to focus the beam onto the scan mirror along the axial direction of the galvanometer (i.e., the non-scanning direction) and another cylindrical lens to recollimate the beam after scanning, we can reduce the size of the scan mirror dramatically along the non-scanning direction. The resulting reduction in mirror mass and moment of inertia will increase the scan speed without reducing the scanned field-of-view and spatial resolution. The proposed program dovetails with our effort in developing technologies for brain imaging. We will test and validate the new scanners in laser scanning 2-photon and 3-photon microscopes for in vivo recording of mouse brain activity. The successful completion of this program will create new optical scanners that will improve the imaging speed of all galvo-based laser scanning microscopes. Since the design, test and demonstration are all based on typical multiphoton microscopes, the new concept can be immediately translated to other research labs. Furthermore, we will work with commercial instrument builders to accelerate the research and adoption of the technology developed in this program.

抽象的光学方法提供高分辨率、非侵入性的神经功能测量、测距从单个神经元到完整大脑中的整个神经元群。然而，穿透深度有限，空间尺度和时间分辨率仍然是光学成像的主要挑战。激光扫描多光子显微镜是用于散射大脑细胞水平成像的主要技术。由于激光扫描显微镜的点扫描性质，光学扫描仪的速度决定成像速度，即使有足够的信号强度进行快速成像。为了惯性相关扫描仪，如检流计和谐振扫描仪，可提高扫描速度要求减小动态部件的转动惯量，同时需要较高的空间分辨率需要增加扫描镜的孔径。这两个矛盾的平衡要求限制了商用检流计扫描仪的大致相同过去30到40年的速度。该提案的重点是展示一个新概念，该概念将提高基于检流计的光学扫描仪（振镜扫描仪）的扫描速度，并增加激光扫描显微镜的成像速度。提出的新概念利用了单轴性质振镜扫描，即振镜扫描仪仅扫描一个空间维度，这使得正交维度可自由操纵。通过使用柱面透镜将光束聚焦到扫描上反射镜沿检流计的轴向（即非扫描方向）和另一个柱面透镜在扫描后重新准直光束，我们可以减小扫描镜的尺寸沿着非扫描方向急剧变化。由此产生的镜子质量和力矩的减少惯性将提高扫描速度，而不会降低扫描视野和空间分辨率。拟议的计划与我们开发脑成像技术的努力相吻合。我们将在体内激光扫描 2 光子和 3 光子显微镜中测试和验证新型扫描仪记录小鼠大脑活动。该计划的成功完成将创造新的光学扫描仪将提高所有振镜激光扫描显微镜的成像速度。自从设计、测试和演示均基于典型的多光子显微镜，新概念可以立即转移到其他研究实验室。此外，我们将与商业仪器合作建设者加速该计划中开发的技术的研究和采用。