A network-based, mixed methods study to identify and support multiple overdose responders and inform overdose prevention interventions

一项基于网络的混合方法研究，旨在识别和支持多个药物过量反应者并为药物过量预防干预措施提供信息

• 批准号: 10590120
• 负责人: Karla D. Wagner
• 金额: $ 203.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2025-09-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10590120
• 关键词: Address; American; Area; Behavior; COVID-19; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Clinical; Communities; Criminal Justice; Data; Drug usage; Drug user; Effectiveness; Emotional; Ensure; Epidemic; Exposure to; Family member; Fentanyl; Friends; Funding; Geography; Goals; Harm Reduction; Health; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Investments; Laws; Lead; Life; Measurement; Methods; Modeling; Naloxone; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Network-based; Nevada; Overdose; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Property; Public Health; Research; Resources; Role; Savings; Services; Social Network; Stimulant; Stress; Testing; Time; Training; Training Support; Trauma; Work; acceptability and feasibility; base; behavioral response; burnout; combat; contextual factors; emergency service responder; empowered; experience; improved; member; opioid overdose; overdose death; overdose education; overdose prevention; overdose risk; preventive intervention; programs; recruit; resilience; response; social; social structure; substance use

07. Project Summary The goal of this proposal is to identify strategies to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs for people who use drugs (PWUD). Research suggests that some PWUD enthusiastically take up the role of “overdose responder”, responding to multiple overdoses over relatively short periods of time. Others, however, respond to few or no overdoses. We seek to determine the individual, social network, and contextual factors that influence overdose response behavior, with the goal of improving support for PWUD who respond to multiple overdoses and identifying intervention targets to improve the overall capacity of PWUD networks to respond to overdoses among their members. To answer these questions, we propose a longitudinal mixed methods study with 300 PWUDs recruited in Reno, Nevada (an understudied Western region), to address the following aims: 1. Identify the individual, social network, and contextual characteristics of OD responders (relative to those who do not carry or do not use the naloxone they have), including substance use behaviors, size and composition of social networks, personal resilience factors, and geographic and socio-structural factors. 2. Qualitatively describe the positive and negative experiences of responding to ODs, and identify (a) the support or services needed by PWUDs to sustainably respond to ODs in their communities, and (b) the barriers to response among those who do not respond or stop responding. 3. Assess feasibility and acceptability of interventions to improve sustainability and wellbeing of responders, and increase initiation of response behavior among non-responders. Supplemental Aim: Collect quantitative and qualitative data to inform an agent-based model (ABM) of PWUD to test how different OEND program delivery strategies could lead to reductions in fatal OD rates.

07. 项目概要 该提案的目标是确定提高用药过量的有效性和可持续性的策略 研究表明，针对吸毒者的教育和纳洛酮分配 (OEND) 计划 (PWUD)。 一些残疾人士热情地扮演“药物过量反应者”的角色，对多次药物过量做出反应 然而，其他人对过量服用的反应很少或没有。 影响过量反应行为的个人、社交网络和背景因素，其目标 改善对多次服药过量的残疾人士的支持，并确定干预目标 提高 PWUD 网络应对其成员用药过量的整体能力。 为了回答这些问题，我们提出了一项纵向混合方法研究，招募了 300 名残疾人士。 内华达州里诺市（一个未被充分研究的西部地区），旨在实现以下目标： 1. 识别 OD 响应者的个人、社交网络和背景特征（相对于那些 不携带或不使用所拥有的纳洛酮的人），包括物质使用行为、体型和 社交网络的组成、个人复原力因素以及地理和社会结构因素。 2. 定性描述响应 OD 的积极和消极经历，并确定 (a) 残疾人士所需的支持或服务，以可持续地应对其社区中的 OD，以及 (b) 那些不回应或停止回应的人之间的回应障碍。 3. 评估干预措施的可行性和可接受性，以提高应对者的可持续性和福祉， 并增加非反应者中反应行为的启动。 补充目标：收集定量和定性数据，为基于主体的 PWUD 模型 (ABM) 提供信息， 测试不同的 OEND 计划实施策略如何降低致命 OD 率。