Impairments of Theory of Mind disrupt patterns of brain activity

心理理论的损伤扰乱了大脑活动的模式

• 批准号: 9069058
• 负责人: Rebecca R Saxe
• 金额: $ 31.97万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-10 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9069058
• 关键词: 10 year old; 5 year old; Adult; Affect; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Disease; Educational process of instructing; Emotions; Human; Image; Impairment; Individual; Judgment; Knowledge; Learning; Medial; Mind; Morality; Morals; Neurosciences; Parietal; Participant; Pattern; Phenotype; Prefrontal Cortex; Recruitment Activity; Research Personnel; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Severities; Structure; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; aged; autism spectrum disorder; base; cognitive neuroscience; data acquisition; developmental disease; experience; information organization; interest; mental state; neuromechanism; outreach; relating to nervous system; research study; social; social cognition; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Humans think constantly about one another's thoughts, for example, in order to communicate, to teach, to learn from, to cooperate with, to compete with, and to deceive one another. This ability to fluently infer what others are thinking i impaired in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), but the neural basis of this impairment is poorly understood. In particular, brain regions involved in thinking about other people's thoughts are not reliably smaller or less active in individuals with ASD. This proposal will test the possibilities that (i) reduced magnitude of activity, (ii) disorganization of the patern of activity, and/or (iii) altered connectivity of these brain regions that leads to social impairmets in ASD. We will test these hypotheses about the function of ToM regions in adults with ASD, in three key areas of ToM: understanding others' thoughts that are relevant for moral judgments (e.g. intentional vs. accidental harm), for inferring emotions, and for effective communication. Since ASD is a developmental disorder, it is critical to understand the developmental trajectory of these brain regions as well as their end state. Consequently, we will also test these hypotheses in children aged 5-12 years. We will also test whether the selectivity or pattern of activation in ToM brain regions changes over development.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类不断思考彼此的思想，例如，为了交流，教导，学习，合作，与，竞争和互相欺骗。这种流利地推断别人认为我在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中受损的能力受损，但是这种障碍的神经基础知之甚少。特别是，在ASD患者中，参与思考他人思想的大脑区域并不可靠地较小或不那么活跃。该建议将测试（i）（i）活性幅度降低，（ii）活动的pationn和/（iii）这些大脑区域的连通性改变，导致社会障碍在ASD中的连通性。我们将在汤姆（Tom）的三个关键领域中检验这些关于汤姆（Tom）地区在ASD成年人中的功能的假设：了解其他与道德判断相关的思想（例如，有意与意外伤害），以推断情绪以及有效的沟通。由于ASD是一种发育障碍，因此了解这些大脑区域及其最终状态的发育轨迹至关重要。因此，我们还将在5-12岁的儿童中检验这些假设。我们还将测试汤姆脑区域在发育中的选择性或激活模式是否变化。

项目成果

Multivariate pattern dependence.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005799
• 发表时间: 2017-11
• 期刊: PLoS computational biology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Anzellotti S;Caramazza A;Saxe R
• 通讯作者: Saxe R

Open dataset of theory of mind reasoning in early to middle childhood.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109905
• 发表时间: 2024-02
• 期刊: Data in brief
• 影响因子: 1.2

Neural representations of emotion are organized around abstract event features.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.06.009
• 发表时间: 2015-08-03
• 期刊: Current biology : CB
• 作者: Skerry AE;Saxe R
• 通讯作者: Saxe R

Illuminating the conceptual structure of the space of moral violations with searchlight representational similarity analysis.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.043
• 发表时间: 2017-10-01
• 期刊: NeuroImage
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: Wasserman EA;Chakroff A;Saxe R;Young L
• 通讯作者: Young L

Theory of mind: a neural prediction problem.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.08.020
• 发表时间: 2013-09-04
• 期刊: Neuron
• 影响因子: 16.2
• 作者: Koster-Hale J;Saxe R
• 通讯作者: Saxe R