Neighborhood Social Environment, Composition and Depression in Latinx

拉丁裔邻里社会环境、构成和抑郁

• 批准号: 10607878
• 负责人: Sarah Valentina Diaz
• 金额: $ 3.77万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10607878
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Ancillary Study; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Depressed mood; Development; Ethnic Population; Fellowship; Foundations; Future; General Population; Geography; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Surveys; Health behavior; Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Language; Latino; Latino Population; Latinx; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediation; Mediator; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Minority Groups; Minority Health Research; Modification; Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; National Institute of Mental Health; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Poverty; Quality of life; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Running; Sampling; Scientist; Services; Social Environment; Social support; Source; Spatial Distribution; Study of Latinos; Subgroup; Time; Training; Training Programs; Trust; United States; built environment; caucasian American; cost; depressive symptoms; experience; falls; health equity; health inequalities; hispanic community; implementation research; improved; insight; interest; marginalized community; multilevel analysis; neighborhood association; population based; residential segregation; segregation; single episode major depressive disorder; skills; social cohesion; social culture; social health determinants; social relationships; spatial relationship; stress reduction; structural determinants; success; underserved community

Project Summary/Abstract: Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders in the United States. Further, Latinos in the US represent one of the fastest growing ethnic groups and report the second highest rates of depression, making their growing presence in neighborhoods and their well-being relevant to the overall success of the nation. Yet the effects of neighborhood-level factors on depression, particularly in Latinos, remains understudied. There exists a paucity of research that examines the effect of residential segregation on mental health. Fewer still has assessed causal pathways— including through neighborhood features such as neighborhood social cohesion (NSC) and neighborhood problems (NP)—using rigorous quantitative methodologies. Additionally, NSC is of particular interest due to the potential mental health benefits it may have. However, the literature examining for what subgroup of Latinos NSC is most helpful for depression and what the spatial relationship may be is limited. In an effort to address these gaps, I will examine 1) The direct and indirect effect of residential segregation on depressive symptoms at two time points in Latinos through individual-level NSC and NP, 2) The cross-sectional direct and indirect effect of residential segregation on depressive symptoms in Latinos through neighborhood-level NSC and NP, 3) Effect modification of the association between individual level NSC on depressive symptoms by language proficiency while accounting for neighborhood differences, and Exploratory) To explore the spatial relationship between individual-level NSC and depressive symptoms in Latinos. Method & Analysis: This dissertation study will employ multilevel models in order to account for clustering in two population-based datasets: the Latino sample in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and its ancillary Neighborhood Study (Aim 1,2) and the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (Aim 3). In order to address gaps in the literature I will 1) carryout a mediation analysis using a multilevel model across two time points (2003, 2010) to examine the direct and indirect effects of residential segregation on depressive symptoms through individual-level NSC and NP (AIM 1). To address same source bias in using individual-level NSC and NP as mediators, a cross-sectional (2010) multilevel model will be used to examine the direct and indirect effects of residential segregation on depressive symptoms using neighborhood-level measures of NSC and NP (AIM 2). Multilevel models will also be employed to examine effect modification of the association between NSC and depressive symptoms by language proficiency (AIM 3). Contributions: The 2-year training program and dissertation proposed in this F-31 fellowship application will support me in developing skills and methods in neighborhood effects research critical to the completion of my dissertation study and doctoral research training. The fellowship will ultimately further my goal of becoming an independent research scientist that will address mental health inequities through neighborhood effects research in minoritized populations.

项目摘要/摘要：抑郁症是美国最普遍的精神健康疾病之一 此外，美国的拉丁裔是增长最快的族裔群体之一，并报告排名第二。 抑郁症发病率最高，这使得他们在社区中的存在不断增加，并且他们的幸福感与 然而，社区层面的因素对抑郁症的影响，尤其是在 拉丁裔的研究仍然不足 缺乏对居住影响的研究。 很少有人评估过隔离对心理健康的因果关系——包括通过邻里关系。 诸如邻里社会凝聚力（NSC）和邻里问题（NP）等特征——使用严格的 此外，由于潜在的心理健康，NSC 特别令人感兴趣。 然而，研究拉丁裔 NSC 亚群的文献对它最有帮助。 抑郁症和空间关系可能是有限的，为了解决这些差距，我将。 检查1）居住隔离对两个时间点抑郁症状的直接和间接影响 在拉丁裔中，通过个人层面的 NSC 和 NP，2) 住宅的横截面直接和间接影响 通过社区级 NSC 和 NP 对拉丁裔抑郁症状进行隔离，3) 效果 语言能力改变个体水平 NSC 与抑郁症状之间的关联 同时考虑邻里差异，探索性）探索之间的空间关系 拉丁裔个体层面的 NSC 和抑郁症状 方法与分析：本论文研究将 采用多级模型来解释两个基于人口的数据集中的聚类：拉丁裔样本 动脉粥样硬化的多种族研究及其辅助邻里研究（目标 1,2）和西班牙裔 拉丁裔社区健康调查/研究及其社会文化辅助研究（目标 3）。 文献中的空白我将1）使用跨两个时间点的多级模型进行中介分析 (2003, 2010) 研究居住隔离对抑郁症状的直接和间接影响 通过个人层面的 NSC 和 NP（目标 1）解决使用个人层面的 NSC 和 NP 时的相同来源偏见。 NP 作为中介，将使用横截面（2010）多级模型来检查直接和间接 使用 NSC 和 NP 邻里层面的测量来衡量居住隔离对抑郁症状的影响 (AIM 2) 还将采用多级模型来检查之间关联的效果修改。 按语言能力划分的 NSC 和抑郁症状（AIM 3）：为期 2 年的培训计划。 F-31 奖学金申请中提出的论文和论文将支持我发展技能和方法 邻里效应研究对于我完成论文研究和博士研究至关重要 该奖学金最终将进一步推动我成为一名独立研究科学家的目标。 通过少数群体的邻里效应研究解决心理健康不平等问题。