Neighborhood Context, Social Relationships, and Health: Examining the Pathways

邻里环境、社会关系和健康：检查路径

基本信息

批准号：
9088255
负责人：
JENNIFER A AILSHIRE
金额：
$ 24.86万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-06-15 至 2018-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9088255
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Age Aging Award Biological Biological Markers Biological Models Biology California Characteristics Chicago Chronic Communities Complement Complex Data Analyses Data Set Demographer Development Disease Distress Education Elderly Environment Exhibits Foundations Gerontology Goals Health Health behavior Healthy People 2010 Home environment Individual Knowledge Life Life Cycle Stages Linear Models Link Mental Health Mentors Methods Modeling National Institute on Aging Neighborhoods Onset of illness Outcome Pathway interactions Personal Satisfaction Phase Physical environment Physiological Play Policies Policy Research Population Prevalence Process Psychological Models Psychology Psychophysiology Psychosocial Factor Public Health Reporting Research Research Institute Research Training Resources Retirement Risk Role Shapes Skin Social Characteristics Social Environment Social support Surveys System Testing Text Time Training Training Programs Translating Universities aging population base biological systems biopsychosocial career cognitive function community organizations design experience follow-up functional decline hazard healthy aging improved insight middle age mortality neighborhood disadvantage population based programs psychologic psychological distress psychosocial residence skills social socioeconomics sociologist theories training opportunity

项目摘要

PROJECT ABSTRACT This primary aim of this Pathway to Independence Award is to provide necessary training and research ex- perience to facilitate the PI's transition to an independent research career in the field of health and aging. The PI is a highly training sociologist and demographer seeking additional training in biology and psychology at the Andrus Gerontology Center at the University of Southern California, a preeminent research institute devoted to the study of aging. The PI will pursue a program of training and research that will add necessary knowledge of biological and psychological models of aging to the PI's current expertise in demographic health research. The objective of this award is to extend existing knowledge of how social environments `get under the skin' and influence health by elucidating the complex associations between the neighborhood environment and psy- chosocial factors and their effects on health across the life course. Understanding how experiences in the so- cial environment are translated into health risks, however, requires clarification of the biological and psychoso- cial processes that link social environments to health. Neighborhood-based social engagement (e.g. interac- tions with neighbors and participation in community organization) may represent a key, yet understudied, pathway through which neighborhoods influence older adult health. The proposed research examines the links among the neighborhood social and physical environment, so- cial engagement, and biological markers of multi-system physiological functioning with the objective of gaining new knowledge about the specific pathways through which the neighborhood environment influences health and functioning among residents, and in particular, older residents. The proposal is highly significant because communities play a vital role in shaping health and well-being, particularly among older adults who may be- come more dependent on the resources and amenities in their immediate neighborhood and have greater ex- posure and vulnerability to neighborhood hazards. Yet, the pathways linking neighborhoods to health among older adults are not well understood. The aims of this project are to: 1) identify the psychosocial pathways link- ing neighborhoods to physiolgocial dysregulation; 2) test for interactions between individual and neighborhood characteristics with respect to their effects on psychosocial functioning and physiological dysregulation; and 3) determine if neighborhood change predicts change in individual psychosocial functioning and physiological dy- sregulation. This project will advance understanding of the complex, multilevel determinants of the aging ex- perience. The research objectives will be investigated through a program of secondary data analysis with several ex- isting population-based data sets (Chicago Community Adult Health Study, Health and Retirement Study, and National Survey of Midlife Development in the U.S.), all of which integrate information on neighborhood con- text, psychosocial factors, and biomarkers. A combination of generalized linear models and multilevel methods will be used to conduct the analyses outlined in the specific aims. The skills needed to understand how biopsy- chosocial processes link neighborhoods and social engagement to health, which are necessary for this re- search, will be obtained as a key component of the K99 mentoring plan. The candidate will draw on a broad range of resources and training opportunities throughout the University of Southern California Andrus Geron- tology Center and elsewhere to obtain the necessary skills to pursue a research career that integrates multi- level information on neighborhoods, psychosocial factors, and biological disease processes into existing re- search models in health and aging research that have traditionally focused entirely on individual-level factors. The R00 phase will allow the candidate the time needed to complete the research plan under the guidance of the candidate's K99 mentors, and to submit an R01 proposal to examine how the neighborhood environment and social relationships combine and interact to shape health trajectories over the life course.

项目摘要这一获得独立奖项奖的主要目的是提供必要的培训和研究 - 促进PI过渡到健康和衰老领域独立研究事业的经验。这 PI是一位训练有素的社会学家和人口统计学家，在生物学和心理学方面寻求额外的培训南加州大学的安德鲁斯老年学中心，一家杰出的研究所致力于衰老的研究。 PI将追求培训和研究计划，以增加对衰老的生物学和心理模型，即PI当前人口健康研究专业知识。该奖项的目的是扩展有关社交环境如何“在皮肤下”的现有知识并通过阐明邻里环境与PSY之间的复杂关联来影响健康社会社会因素及其对整个生活过程中健康的影响。了解So的经验如何然而，将CIAL环境转化为健康风险，需要澄清生物学和心理的风险将社交环境与健康联系起来的过程。基于社区的社会参与（例如与邻居和参与社区组织的参与）可能代表着一个关键，却被研究了，社区影响老年人健康的途径。拟议的研究研究了社区社会和身体环境之间的联系，互动和多系统生理功能的生物学标记，目的是获得有关邻里环境影响健康的特定途径的新知识以及居民，尤其是老年居民之间的运作。该提议非常重要，因为社区在塑造健康和福祉方面发挥着至关重要的作用，尤其是在可能存在的老年人中更依赖其直接邻里的资源和便利姿势和脆弱性危害邻里危害。然而，将社区与健康联系起来的途径老年人不太了解。该项目的目的是：1）确定心理心理途径链接 - 邻里生理失调； 2）测试个人和邻里之间的互动关于它们对社会心理功能和生理失调的影响的特征； 3）确定邻居的变化是否预测了个别的心理社会功能和生理dy-的变化 - 刚度。该项目将促进对老龄化的复杂，多层次的决定因素的理解精神。研究目标将通过二级数据分析计划进行调查逐步基于人群的数据集（芝加哥社区成人健康研究，健康和退休研究以及全国对美国中年发展的调查），所有这些都整合了有关邻里的信息文本，社会心理因素和生物标志物。广义线性模型和多级方法的组合将用于进行特定目的中概述的分析。了解活检所需的技能 - Chosocial流程将社区和社会参与与健康联系起来，这对于此重新进行了必要搜索将作为K99指导计划的关键组成部分获得。候选人将吸引广泛的南加州大学安德鲁斯·格伦（Andrus Geron）的一系列资源和培训机会 Tology Center和其他地方以获得必要的技能来从事研究职业，以整合多种多样有关社区，社会心理因素和生物疾病过程的水平信息，传统上完全关注个人级别因素的健康和衰老研究中的搜索模型。 R00阶段将允许候选人在根据的指导下完成研究计划所需的时间候选人的K99导师，并提交R01提案，以检查邻里环境如何社会关系结合并互动以塑造生活过程中的健康轨迹。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Do gender and racial/ethnic disparities in sleep duration emerge in early adulthood? Evidence from a longitudinal study of U.S. adults.

睡眠持续时间的性别和种族/民族差异是否在成年早期出现？

DOI：
10.1016/j.sleep.2017.03.031
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Sleep medicine
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Walsemann,KatrinaM;Ailshire,JenniferA;Fisk,CalleyE;Brown,LaurenL
通讯作者：
Brown,LaurenL

The Other Student Debt Crisis: How Borrowing to Pay for a Child's College Education Relates to Parents' Mental Health at Midlife.

另一种学生债务危机：借款支付孩子的大学教育与中年父母的心理健康有何关系。

DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbz146
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Walsemann,KatrinaM;Ailshire,JenniferA;Hartnett,CarolineSten
通讯作者：
Hartnett,CarolineSten

Ethnic Differences in Advance Directive Completion and Care Preferences: What Has Changed in a Decade?