Mesoscopic Diffusion-based MRI Histology of Epileptic Human Hippocampi

基于介观扩散的 MRI 人类癫痫海马组织学

基本信息

批准号：
8890388
负责人：
Michel M. Modo
金额：
$ 21.47万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-03-01 至 2017-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8890388
关键词：
3-Dimensional Affect Anatomy Anisotropy Anterior Temporal Lobectomy Antiepileptic Agents Biological Brain region Caring Cells Clinical Code Color Corpus striatum structure Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Diffusion Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dimensions Disease Electroencephalography Ensure Epilepsy Evaluation Excision Fiber Fimbria of hippocampus Foundations Future Goals Health Hippocampus (Brain)Histology Human Image Imagery Immunohistochemistry Incidence Individual Institution Investigation Lead MRI Scans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods Microscopy Neurobiology Operative Surgical Procedures Partial Epilepsies Pathology Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Perforant Pathway Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Process Research Personnel Resected Resolution Sclerosis Seizures Severities Specimen Staining method Stains Structural defect Synapses System T2 weighted imaging Temporal Lobe Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Testing Three-Dimensional Image Tissue Stains United States Validation base clinically relevant cost dentate gyrus experience imaging modality improved malformation mossy fiber nervous system disorder neuropathology neurosurgery non-invasive imaging novel strategies outcome forecast reconstruction success white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder in the United States with an approximate cost of $17.6 billion per year. Anti-epileptic medication is effective in most cases, but is insufficient to control seizures in as many as 40% of patients. Patients with focal epilepsy that can be shown to arise from a specific brain region, by noninvasive testing (EEG, imaging studies) or invasive intracranial recordings, are candidates for surgical resection. The most common type of resective epilepsy surgery is anterior temporal lobectomy, which includes removal of the hippocampus. There is good evidence that there is an ictal focus, a region where the seizure originates (typically defining the target for surgical intervention), but the functional anatomy of the seizure also affects regions downstream and is modulated by the input to the ictal focus. Understanding the seizure network, rather than merely the ictal focus (where aberrant processing converges to produce uncontrolled activity), will be an important advance to improve our surgical interventions and care for the affected individuals. Nevertheless current approaches such as clinical MRI or EEG, as well as neuropathology are inadequate to resolve the seizure network. We therefore here propose to investigate the use of mesoscale MRI on surgically-resected epileptic hippocampi to uncover anatomical changes that constitute a seizure network. Specificially, we here aim to: 1) further develop diffusion-based MR histology to better distinguish cell layer and axonal connectivity, as well as 2) implementing a 3 dimensional reconstruction of histological sections to validate tractographic reconstructions. The overarching goal is to provide a method that can lead to a better description of the seizure network to improve our understanding of mTLE with a tangible benefit to patients undergoing a hippocampectomy by improving the differential diagnosis, as well as pre-surgical planning

描述（由适用提供）：癫痫是美国第四大最常见的神经系统疾病，每年的成本约为176亿美元。在大多数情况下，抗癫痫药有效，但不足以控制多达40％的癫痫发作患者。局灶性癫痫的患者可以证明是由特定的大脑区域引起的，是通过非侵入性测试（EEG，成像研究）或侵入性颅内记录的，是手术切除的候选者。最常见的诊断癫痫手术类型是前临时叶切除术，其中包括去除海马。有充分的证据表明有一个发作的重点，癫痫发作的区域（通常定义了手术干预的靶标），但是癫痫发作的功能解剖结构也会影响下游的区域，并通过对Ictal Focus的输入来调节。理解癫痫发作网络，而不仅仅是Ictal的重点（在这种情况下（异常处理以产生不受控制的活动），将是改善我们的手术干预措施和对受影响个体的照顾的重要进步。然而，当前的方法（例如临床MRI或EEG）以及神经病理学不足以解决癫痫发作网络。因此，我们建议研究中尺度MRI对手术癫痫发作的海马的使用，以发现构成癫痫发作网络的解剖变化。具体而言，我们在这里的目的是：1）进一步发展基于扩散的MR组织学，以更好地区分细胞层和轴突连接性，以及2）实施组织学部分的3维重建以验证拖拉学重建。总体目标是提供一种可以更好地描述癫痫发作网络的方法，从