Mesoscopic Diffusion-based MRI Histology of Epileptic Human Hippocampi

基于介观扩散的 MRI 人类癫痫海马组织学

基本信息

批准号：
8890388
负责人：
Michel M. Modo
金额：
$ 21.47万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-03-01 至 2017-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8890388
关键词：
3-Dimensional Affect Anatomy Anisotropy Anterior Temporal Lobectomy Antiepileptic Agents Biological Brain region Caring Cells Clinical Code Color Corpus striatum structure Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Diffusion Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dimensions Disease Electroencephalography Ensure Epilepsy Evaluation Excision Fiber Fimbria of hippocampus Foundations Future Goals Health Hippocampus (Brain)Histology Human Image Imagery Immunohistochemistry Incidence Individual Institution Investigation Lead MRI Scans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods Microscopy Neurobiology Operative Surgical Procedures Partial Epilepsies Pathology Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Perforant Pathway Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Process Research Personnel Resected Resolution Sclerosis Seizures Severities Specimen Staining method Stains Structural defect Synapses System T2 weighted imaging Temporal Lobe Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Testing Three-Dimensional Image Tissue Stains United States Validation base clinically relevant cost dentate gyrus experience imaging modality improved malformation mossy fiber nervous system disorder neuropathology neurosurgery non-invasive imaging novel strategies outcome forecast reconstruction success white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder in the United States with an approximate cost of $17.6 billion per year. Anti-epileptic medication is effective in most cases, but is insufficient to control seizures in as many as 40% of patients. Patients with focal epilepsy that can be shown to arise from a specific brain region, by noninvasive testing (EEG, imaging studies) or invasive intracranial recordings, are candidates for surgical resection. The most common type of resective epilepsy surgery is anterior temporal lobectomy, which includes removal of the hippocampus. There is good evidence that there is an ictal focus, a region where the seizure originates (typically defining the target for surgical intervention), but the functional anatomy of the seizure also affects regions downstream and is modulated by the input to the ictal focus. Understanding the seizure network, rather than merely the ictal focus (where aberrant processing converges to produce uncontrolled activity), will be an important advance to improve our surgical interventions and care for the affected individuals. Nevertheless current approaches such as clinical MRI or EEG, as well as neuropathology are inadequate to resolve the seizure network. We therefore here propose to investigate the use of mesoscale MRI on surgically-resected epileptic hippocampi to uncover anatomical changes that constitute a seizure network. Specificially, we here aim to: 1) further develop diffusion-based MR histology to better distinguish cell layer and axonal connectivity, as well as 2) implementing a 3 dimensional reconstruction of histological sections to validate tractographic reconstructions. The overarching goal is to provide a method that can lead to a better description of the seizure network to improve our understanding of mTLE with a tangible benefit to patients undergoing a hippocampectomy by improving the differential diagnosis, as well as pre-surgical planning

描述（由申请人提供）：癫痫是美国第四大常见的神经系统疾病，每年的费用约为 176 亿美元。抗癫痫药物在大多数情况下有效，但不足以控制多达 40 例患者的癫痫发作。％的通过无创测试（脑电图、影像学研究）或侵入性颅内记录可以证明局灶性癫痫患者是手术切除的候选者，最常见的癫痫切除手术类型是前颞叶切除术。，其中包括切除海马体，有充分的证据表明存在发作灶，即癫痫发作的区域（通常定义手术干预的目标），但癫痫发作的功能解剖结构。也影响下游区域，并受到发作病灶网络的输入调节，而不仅仅是发作病灶（异常处理汇聚到产生不受控制的活动），将是改善我们的手术干预和护理的重要进步。然而，目前的方法（例如临床 MRI 或脑电图）以及神经病理学不足以解决癫痫网络的问题，因此我们在此建议研究中尺度 MRI 在手术切除癫痫患者中的应用。具体来说，我们的目标是：1）进一步开发基于扩散的 MR 组织学，以更好地区分细胞层和轴突连接性，以及 2）实施组织学切片的 3 维重建。验证纤维束造影重建的总体目标是提供一种可以更好地描述癫痫网络的方法，以提高我们对 mTLE 的理解，通过改善接受海马切除术的患者获得切实的好处。鉴别诊断以及术前计划