Regulation of glucose metabolism to allow tumor initiation and growth

调节葡萄糖代谢以允许肿瘤发生和生长

基本信息

批准号：
9034555
负责人：
MATTHEW G. VANDER HEIDEN
金额：
$ 29.93万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-04-01 至 2018-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9034555
关键词：
ATP Synthesis Pathway Alleles Animal Model Biochemical Biochemistry Biomass Cancer Model Cell Proliferation Cells Cellular Metabolic Process Cellular Stress Characteristics Cultured Cells Enzyme Activation Enzymes Exons Genetically Engineered Mouse Glucose Goals Growth Health Human In Vitro Lead Maintenance Malignant Neoplasms Messenger RNA Metabolic Metabolic Pathway Metabolic stress Metabolism Mus Normal Cell Normal tissue morphology Nutrient Patients Play Process Property Protein Isoforms Pyruvate Pyruvate Kinase RNA Splicing Regulation Rest Role Signal Transduction Staging Supporting Cell Techniques Technology Testing Tissues Tumor Biology Warburg Effect Work aerobic glycolysis base cancer cell cancer initiation cancer therapy cell growth enzyme activity experience gene product glucose metabolism glucose uptake human cancer mouse model human tissue implantation improved in vivo insight meetings mouse model neoplastic cell programs rapid growth research study response small molecule success tumor tumor growth tumor initiation tumor metabolism tumor progression tumorigenesis

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Altered glucose metabolism is a characteristic feature of most cancer cells, yet it is still poorly understood. Because altered metabolism represents a fundamental difference that exists between cancer cells and normal cells, targeting metabolism holds great promise for improved cancer therapy. However, success depends on understanding how metabolic regulation provides an advantage for tumor cells in relevant cancer models. Cancer cells require altered metabolism to efficiently incorporate nutrients such as glucose into biomass to support proliferation. Our understanding of how cancer cells meet these metabolic needs is based primarily on studies of cultured cells, and nutrient levels in vitro are significanty different from those experienced by tumor cells in vivo. Furthermore, cell proliferation rates in tumors can be low, particularly under conditions of metabolic stress, and a separate metabolic program from that used to support proliferation is needed for cells to thrive when nutrients are limited. Our long-term objective is to develop a comprehensive understanding of how cell metabolism is altered to support all stages of cancer progression in vivo. The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) promotes glucose use for anabolic processes and is the pyruvate kinase isoform found in all human tumors described to date. The PKM1 isoform is found in many differentiated tissues and promotes efficient ATP synthesis from available nutrients. Paradoxically, despite increased glucose metabolism in cancers, PKM2 expression is associated with decreased pyruvate kinase enzyme activity, and complete loss of PKM2 can accelerate tumor growth. We aim to use genetically engineered mouse cancer models and small molecule pyruvate kinase activators in combination with biochemical approaches to understand how pyruvate kinase regulates glucose metabolism in tumors. We also aim to understand how this regulation contributes to cancer initiation and progression and any non-glycolytic PKM2 functions that might be important for tumors. In Specific Aim 1, we will take advantage of mice with conditional pyruvate kinase alleles to define the role of PKM1 and PKM2 in tumor initiation, as well as determine how pyruvate kinase isoform expression influences the growth of established tumors. In Specific Aim 2, we will investigate how the different regulatory properties of PKM2 influence glucose metabolism and how this impacts tumor biology. In Specific Aim 3, we will determine how cells continue to metabolize glucose in the absence of pyruvate kinase. Together, these studies will advance our understanding of glycolytic regulation in cancer cells in vivo. They will also inform how best to target glucose metabolism for improved cancer therapy.

描述（由申请人提供）：葡萄糖代谢改变是大多数癌细胞的特征，但人们对此仍知之甚少。由于新陈代谢的改变代表了癌细胞和正常细胞之间存在的根本差异，因此靶向代谢为改善癌症治疗带来了巨大希望。然而，成功取决于了解代谢调节如何为相关癌症模型中的肿瘤细胞提供优势。癌细胞需要改变新陈代谢才能有效地将葡萄糖等营养物质融入生物质中以支持增殖。我们对癌细胞如何满足这些代谢需求的理解主要基于对培养细胞的研究，体外的营养水平与肿瘤细胞在体内经历的营养水平显着不同。此外，肿瘤中的细胞增殖率可能较低，特别是在代谢应激条件下，并且当营养有限时，细胞需要与用于支持增殖的代谢程序分开的代谢程序才能茁壮成长。我们的长期目标是全面了解细胞代谢如何改变以支持体内癌症进展的所有阶段。丙酮酸激酶 (PKM2) 的 M2 同工型可促进合成代谢过程中的葡萄糖利用，是迄今为止在所有人类肿瘤中发现的丙酮酸激酶同工型。 PKM1 同种型存在于许多分化组织中，并促进从可用营养物质中有效合成 ATP。矛盾的是，尽管癌症中葡萄糖代谢增加，但 PKM2 表达与丙酮酸激酶活性降低相关，并且 PKM2 完全丧失可以加速肿瘤生长。我们的目标是使用基因工程小鼠癌症模型和小分子丙酮酸激酶激活剂结合生化方法来了解丙酮酸激酶如何调节肿瘤中的葡萄糖代谢。我们还旨在了解这种调节如何促进癌症的发生和进展，以及对肿瘤可能重要的任何非糖酵解 PKM2 功能。在具体目标 1 中，我们将利用具有条件丙酮酸激酶等位基因的小鼠来定义 PKM1 和 PKM2 在肿瘤发生中的作用，并确定丙酮酸激酶亚型表达如何影响已建立的肿瘤的生长。在具体目标 2 中，我们将研究 PKM2 的不同调节特性如何影响葡萄糖代谢以及这如何影响肿瘤生物学。在具体目标 3 中，我们将确定细胞如何在没有丙酮酸激酶的情况下继续代谢葡萄糖。总之，这些研究将增进我们对体内癌细胞糖酵解调节的理解。他们还将告知如何最好地靶向葡萄糖代谢以改善癌症治疗。