Monitoring Social Change: Dynamics Of Aging And Cognitive Function

监测社会变化：衰老和认知功能的动态

• 批准号: 10560584
• 负责人: Linda S Adair
• 金额: $ 70.57万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10560584
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age Years; Aging; Alcohol consumption; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anthropometry; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood Pressure; China; Chinese; Cognitive; Collection; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Data Element; Data Files; Data Set; Dementia; Dietary intake; Disease; Early identification; Economics; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Exposure to; Fasting; Fostering; Funding; Generations; Geography; Health; Health Surveys; Health behavior; Health care facility; Hearing; Household; Humidity; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intergenerational transfer; Laboratories; Left; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Life Style; Link; Location; Longitudinal Surveys; Longterm Follow-up; Measures; Memory; Mental Health; Modernization; Monitor; Nutrition Surveys; Older Population; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Physical Function; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Population; Predisposition; Prevention; Process; Quality of life; Research; Research Institute; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Series; Sleep; Social Change; Statistical Models; Stress; Structure of nail of toe; Supermarket; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco use; Tooth Loss; United States National Institutes of Health; Urbanization; Viral Markers; Vision; Work; age related; aged; aging population; cardiometabolism; cognitive function; cost; cytokine; data repository; dietary; evidence base; executive function; experience; follow-up; genome wide association study; healthy aging; improved; inflammatory marker; insight; instrumental activity of daily living; metabolome; microbiome; middle age; migration; modifiable lifestyle factors; novel; novel marker; nutrition; pathogenic bacteria; pathogenic virus; physical conditioning; preservation; prevent; protective factors; public health relevance; social; social factors; sociodemographics; time use; trend; web site

ABSTRACT The global burden of dementias continues to rise; by 2050, it is estimated that approximately 152 million people across the globe are going to be affected by dementias at a cost of 3 trillion US dollars. This is a particular issue in China as it has the world's largest population of people with dementia. Despite the incredible increase in Alzheimer's disease and cognitive dementias, very little progress has been made to prevent and successfully treat these devastating diseases. The primary reasons for the lack of progress are: 1) continued focus on single causes of disease rather than multifactorial etiologies; 2) lack of long-term follow-up data that captures environments, lifestyle behaviors, and individual susceptibility factors before, during, and after cognitive decline; and 3) insufficient attention to biological susceptibility along with dietary, lifestyle and environmental strategies. China has a larger aging population and longer life expectancy than ever before. Recent trends have led to a new phenomenon of older adults left behind when the younger generation migrates to find work. These demographic changes as well as other urbanization-related changes provide context and opportunity to address these issues. The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), an NIH- funded study of more than 10,000 individuals aged 45-80 followed over 35 years, provides high quality longitudinal data and captures the transition from traditional to Western lifestyles in parallel with urbanization and emergence of cognitive decline during the past three decades. We will use these data to generate insights that would not be obtainable in studies with short periods of follow-up in older populations that focus on single causes of cognitive decline. We propose to capitalize on the 30-year span of coverage and geographic scope of the CHNS, which provides substantial temporal and spatial variability, capturing extraordinarily rapid urbanization-related changes, biological susceptibility factors, and cognitive decline data as well as changes in individual, household and community environments. We propose data collection of an additional round in 2021, preserving the continuity of the CHNS, while adding aging-focused components (e.g., tooth loss, hearing, vision, and additional executive function tests, and in a subsample infectious and inflammatory markers, such as cytokines and viral and bacterial pathogens implicated in Alzheimer's disease) to inform understanding of the factors that lead to healthy aging versus physical and cognitive decline, and severe dementias. We will use a series of complex statistical models to identify trajectories of key risk factors and their combinations that predict or protect against early and severe cognitive decline. The impact of the proposed project is to generate an 11th wave of multipurpose data capturing long-term exposure to major urbanization-related and demographic changes, particularly within the recent 5 years, and test hypotheses that combinations of biological, social, and environmental exposures will identify early and modifiable lifestyle factors that can be used to delay cognitive decline and improve quality of older adults.

抽象的 全球痴呆症负担持续上升；到 2050 年，估计约有 1.52 亿人 全球人民将因痴呆症而损失 3 万亿美元。这是一个 在中国，这是一个特殊的问题，因为中国是世界上痴呆症患者数量最多的国家。尽管令人难以置信 阿尔茨海默氏病和认知性痴呆的发病率有所增加，但在预防和预防方面却进展甚微。 成功治疗这些毁灭性疾病。缺乏进展的主要原因是：1）持续 关注疾病的单一原因而不是多因素病因； 2）缺乏长期随访数据 捕获之前、期间和之后的环境、生活方式行为和个人易感性因素 认知能力下降； 3）对生物易感性以及饮食、生活方式和健康的关注不够 环境战略。中国的老龄化人口数量比以往任何时候都多，预期寿命也比以往任何时候都长。 最近的趋势导致了一种新现象：当年轻一代的时候，老年人就被抛在后面了。 迁移寻找工作。这些人口变化以及其他与城市化相关的变化提供了 解决这些问题的背景和机会。中国健康与营养调查 (CHNS) 资助的研究对超过 10,000 名 45-80 岁的个体进行了超过 35 年的跟踪，提供了高质量的研究 纵向数据并捕捉与城市化并行的从传统生活方式到西方生活方式的转变 以及过去三十年认知能力下降的出现。我们将使用这些数据来生成见解 这在针对老年人群进行短期随访的研究中是无法获得的，而这些研究重点关注的是单身人群。 认知能力下降的原因。我们建议利用 30 年的覆盖范围和地理范围 CHNS 提供了显着的时间和空间变化，捕获异常快速 城市化相关的变化、生物易感性因素、认知能力下降数据以及 个人、家庭和社区环境。我们建议在 2021 年进行另一轮数据收集， 保持 CHNS 的连续性，同时添加关注衰老的成分（例如牙齿脱落、听力、 视力和其他执行功能测试，以及子样本感染和炎症标记物，例如 作为与阿尔茨海默病有关的细胞因子以及病毒和细菌病原体），以帮助了解 导致健康衰老与身体和认知能力下降以及严重痴呆的因素。我们将使用 一系列复杂的统计模型，用于识别关键风险因素及其组合的轨迹， 预测或预防早期和严重的认知能力下降。拟议项目的影响是产生 第 11 波多用途数据捕捉与主要城市化相关的长期暴露 人口变化，特别是最近 5 年内的变化，并检验以下组合的假设： 生物、社会和环境暴露将识别早期和可改变的生活方式因素，这些因素可以 用于延缓认知衰退并提高老年人的素质。