Aligning Measurement of Psychological Traits and Economic Preferences

协调心理特征和经济偏好的测量

基本信息

批准号：
10587216
负责人：
STEPHANIE M. CARLSON
金额：
$ 62.13万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-25 至 2028-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10587216
关键词：
Absenteeism Achievement Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Development Adult Affect Age Altruism American Australia Behavior Characteristics Chicago Child Child Development Child Health Childhood China Chinese Complement Country Data Data Collection Development Dimensions Economics Education Educational Curriculum Educational Status Emotional Employment Environment Environmental Risk Factor Ethnic Origin Evaluation Evolution Factor Analysis Family Family Characteristics Fostering Gender German population Germany Gills Grant Health Household Human Human Development Incentives Income Inequality Institution Intervention Investigation Joints Language Lead Life Life Cycle Stages Literature Measurement Measures Mental Health Methodology Methods Minnesota Modeling Monitor Occupations Outcome Parents Patient Self-Report Performance Personal Satisfaction Personality Traits Predictive Factor Problem behavior Protocols documentation Psychologist Psychology Public Health Questionnaires Race Research Research Project Grants Risk Sampling Scheme Schools Secondary Schools Site Social Environment Socioeconomic Status Standardization Structure Students Subgroup Surveys System Testing Tilia Time Universities Wages Well in self Work behavioral economics cohort design elementary school executive function frontier outcome prediction parental influence parental role physical conditioning preadolescence preference psychologic response skills social social disparities socioeconomics standard measure success teacher testing services trait

项目摘要

Project Summary We propose a collaborative research project in psychology, child development, and behavioral economics investigating the comparability and predictive power of measures of human potential that are regularly used in these fields. Using data collected on common measures of personality traits, executive function (EF) skills, and economic preferences across multiple countries, we will apply rigorous statistical methodology to investigate the relationships among these attributes beginning in pre-adolescence and assess which dimensions best predict health, wellbeing, educational outcomes, wages, and workforce decisions. We will also examine the stability and malleability of child and adolescent traits, skills, and preferences across environments with different contexts and incentive structures. (1) We examine the commonality of traits, and (2) their uniqueness, and (3) the evolution of unique and common traits. We will examine additional measures beyond the traditional ones (for example Guanxi, a trait capturing sociability that is widely used in China) to examine their relationship with the standard measures, and whether they have additional predictive power. Personality traits, EF skills, and economic preferences in childhood and adolescence are important predictors of adult outcomes, including physical and mental health, educational attainment, and employment. Measures of these attributes, such as perseverance and time preference, are increasingly used to evaluate the impacts of childhood interventions, monitor progress in school, forecast health outcomes, and study economic and social inequality. However, little is known about how traits, skills, and preferences evolve and co-evolve across childhood and adolescence. This grant will support collaborative efforts to measure child and adolescent personality traits, EF skills, and economic preferences drawing on expertise from the Center for the Economics of Human Development (University of Chicago), the Educational Testing Service, the briq Institute on Behavior & Inequality (University of Bonn), the Institute of Child Development (University of Minnesota), and the Institute for Economic and Social Research (Jinan University). Using existing data combined with new data collection, we will explore the relationships across elicited trait, skill, and preference measures to determine the extent to which different measurement schemes capture common or distinct aspects of human differences, and if these relationships vary across cultures, gender, ethnicity, and race. Our analysis will standardize across the measures to account for factors that influence responses, leading to increased comparability. We will use our elicited measures and the latent factors underlying them to predict performance in school (e.g., absenteeism, grades, promotion, behavioral problems, graduation), health (e.g., physical, emotional, social), and wages, employment, and occupation. We will examine the stability and evolution of the elicited measures, the malleability of traits, skills, and preferences, the factors that predict these measures (including institutional and family background and parental influences on their children), and the correlates of stability and change throughout childhood and adolescence.

项目概要我们提出了一个心理学、儿童发展和行为经济学的合作研究项目研究这些领域中经常使用的人类潜力测量的可比性和预测能力字段。使用收集的关于人格特质、执行功能 (EF) 技能和经济的常见衡量标准的数据多个国家的偏好，我们将应用严格的统计方法来调查关系在青春期前开始的这些属性中，评估哪些维度最能预测健康、福祉、教育成果、工资和劳动力决策。我们还将检查儿童的稳定性和可塑性具有不同背景和激励结构的青少年特征、技能和偏好。 (1) 我们检查特征的共性，(2) 它们的独特性，(3) 独特和共同特征的演变。我们将检查传统措施之外的其他措施（例如关系，一种捕捉社交性的特征，广泛存在在中国使用）来检查它们与标准测量的关系，以及它们是否有额外的预测力量。童年和青少年时期的人格特质、EF 技能和经济偏好是重要的预测因素成人成果，包括身心健康、教育程度和就业。这些措施毅力和时间偏好等属性越来越多地用于评估童年的影响干预措施、监测学校进展、预测健康结果以及研究经济和社会不平等。然而，对于特质、技能和偏好如何在童年和青少年时期演变和共同演变，人们知之甚少。这笔赠款将支持衡量儿童和青少年人格特质、EF 技能和经济偏好利用人类发展经济学中心（大学）的专业知识芝加哥）、教育考试服务中心、briq 行为与不平等研究所（波恩大学）、该研究所儿童发展研究所（明尼苏达大学）和经济与社会研究所（暨南大学）。使用现有数据与新数据收集相结合，我们将探索引发的特质、技能和偏好测量，以确定不同测量方案捕获共同或不同方面的程度人类差异，以及这些关系是否因文化、性别、民族和种族而异。我们的分析将对各种措施进行标准化，以考虑影响响应的因素，从而提高可比性。我们将使用我们引出的措施及其背后的潜在因素来预测在学校的表现（例如缺勤，成绩、晋升、行为问题、毕业）、健康（例如身体、情感、社交）以及工资、就业、和职业。我们将检查引出的措施的稳定性和演变，特征、技能和特征的可塑性偏好，预测这些措施的因素（包括机构和家庭背景以及父母的影响对他们的孩子），以及整个童年和青春期的稳定性和变化的相关性。