Optimization of a personalized skin cancer risk intervention for at-risk young adults

针对高危年轻人的个性化皮肤癌风险干预措施的优化

• 批准号: 10582944
• 负责人: JENNIFER L HAY
• 金额: $ 67.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10582944
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Appearance; Behavior; Behavioral; Cancer Prevention Intervention; Communication; Counseling; Development; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elements; Enrollment; Experimental Designs; Feedback; Future; Genetic Risk; Goals; Habits; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Lead; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Metastatic Melanoma; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Outcome; Persons; Photography; Population; Prevention; Recommendation; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Seasons; Skin Cancer; Skin Carcinoma; Skin tanning; Subgroup; Sunburn; Test Result; Testing; Time; Treatment Efficacy; UV Radiation Exposure; Utah; Variant; Visual; Work; adaptive intervention; aged; cancer prevention; cancer risk; clinically significant; college; cost; demographics; design; expectation; experimental study; follow-up; genetic testing; genetic variant; improved; improved outcome; innovation; intervention effect; melanoma; multidisciplinary; multiphase optimization strategy; novel; novel therapeutics; personalized intervention; post intervention; prevent; preventive intervention; sex; skin cancer prevention; skin damage; sociodemographics; sun protection; therapy development; ultraviolet; university student; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers are common among young adults. Young adults put themselves at increased risk for skin cancers due to their tanning habits and inconsistent use of recommended sun protection methods. Existing interventions for young adults have relied on a one-size-fits-all approach primarily using appearance-focused appeals examining short-term outcomes, and have not examined potential moderators of intervention effects. We designed a skin cancer prevention intervention for college students that incorporates different types of personalized skin cancer risk information (ultraviolet photo showing underlying skin damage, MC1R testing indicating genetic risk for skin cancer, action planning) to increase receptivity to personalized risk information and to facilitate decreased tanning and increased use of sun protection. Our study is guided by the Elaboration Likelihood Model; as such we posit that intervention components will improve outcomes by increasing central processing of highly personally relevant risk and behavioral planning information. In our preliminary studies of these intervention components, we observed decreases in tanning behaviors and increases in sun protection pre- to post-intervention. We propose to apply a Multiphase Optimization Strategy to identify which of the proposed components or their combinations optimally prevent sunburn, and secondarily, which elements discourage tanning and increase use of sun protection in college students over longer term intervals (12+ months). Through a full factorial experiment, we will examine the effects of three personalized risk components: 1) UV photo; 2) MC1R genetic testing results; 3) action planning. We will explore socio-demographic and behavioral moderators of the intervention effects in order to inform the development of future deeply-tailored, optimized adaptive interventions. This project addresses the critical need for efficacious skin cancer preventive interventions for young adults in the college setting. The project will also lead to new scientific understanding of moderators of the intervention effects, which will lead to more deeply tailored interventions that better meet the needs of all young adults.

项目概要 黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌在年轻人中很常见。年轻人把自己置于 由于晒黑习惯和不坚持使用推荐的防晒霜，患皮肤癌的风险增加 方法。现有针对年轻人的干预措施依赖于一种一刀切的方法，主要使用 以外表为中心的呼吁审查短期结果，并且没有审查潜在的调节因素 干预效果。我们为大学生设计了一种皮肤癌预防干预措施，其中包括 不同类型的个性化皮肤癌风险信息（紫外线照片显示潜在的皮肤损伤， MC1R 测试表明皮肤癌的遗传风险，行动计划）以提高个性化的接受度 风险信息并促进减少晒黑和增加防晒霜的使用。我们的研究指导 精细化可能性模型；因此，我们认为干预措施将通过以下方式改善结果： 增加对与个人高度相关的风险和行为规划信息的集中处理。在我们的 对这些干预成分的初步研究，我们观察到晒黑行为的减少 干预前后增加防晒效果。我们建议应用多阶段优化策略 确定哪些提议的成分或其组合能够最佳地防止晒伤，以及 其次，哪些因素可以阻止晒黑并增加大学生使用防晒霜的次数 较长的时间间隔（12 个月以上）。通过完整的析因实验，我们将检查三个因素的影响 个性化风险成分：1）UV照片； 2）MC1R基因检测结果； 3）行动计划。我们将 探索干预效果的社会人口和行为调节因素，以便为 开发未来深度定制、优化的适应性干预措施。该项目解决了关键的 需要对大学环境中的年轻人进行有效的皮肤癌预防干预措施。该项目将 也导致对干预效果的调节因素有新的科学认识，这将导致更多 深度定制的干预措施可以更好地满足所有年轻人的需求。