Bilingualism as a protective factor of ADRD in American Indian adults: the Strong Heart Study

双语是美洲印第安人成人 ADRD 的保护因素：强心脏研究

• 批准号: 10582307
• 负责人: Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
• 金额: $ 52.66万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10582307
• 关键词: Acculturation; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; American; American Indians; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Crystallization; Data Collection; Dementia; Diagnosis; Education; Educational Status; Funding; Future; General Population; Generations; Geographic Locations; Heart; Impaired cognition; Individual; Interview; Language; Link; Liquid substance; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Modification; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Not Hispanic or Latino; Persons; Population; Population Study; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Punishment; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Risk Reduction; Role; Schools; Short-Term Memory; Socioeconomic Status; Standardization; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Vocabulary; Vulnerable Populations; Work; aged; attentional control; bilingualism; cerebrovascular; cofactor; cognitive performance; cognitive reserve; cognitive testing; cohort; comorbidity; experience; federal policy; improved; instrument; mental state; performance tests; protective factors; psychologic; recruit; response; rho; sex; skills; social; treatment strategy

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT American Indian populations have greater burden of cerebrovascular and Alzheimer’s disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) comorbidities compared with non-Hispanic White U.S. populations and may also have greater burden of cognitive decline and dementia. Bilingualism—common in American Indian communities— may enhance working memory capacity, attentional control, and cognitive reserve, thus reducing cognitive risk. However, bilingualism is a highly individual experience, and the context of use can modify its cognitive effects. Factors that may influence this association include age, sex, vocabulary, physical and mental status, socioeconomic status, culture, and social activity. Comprehensively assessing the relationship between bilingualism and cognitive performance may be critical to fully understanding ADRD in American Indian adults. Although the link between bilingualism and cognitive reserve has been studied in many populations, bilingualism research in American Indian populations has been limited, due in part to critical cofactors related to their experiences, perspectives, and standardized assessments. Unjust United States (U.S.) federal policies affecting American Indian people included forced attendance at English-speaking boarding schools where use of Native languages was punished, and cultural assimilation was prioritized over quality of education. As a result, bilingualism in American Indian adults who attended such schools may present differently than for other populations. Indeed, NIA (RFA-AG-23-001) defines bilingualism as “proficiency in two or more languages”, however no validated, detailed assessment of proficiency exists for U.S. Native languages, or for American Indian speakers of those languages. Our proposed study will be the first to culturally adapt a language use and history instrument in a large, heterogeneous American Indian population. In response to RFA-AG-23-001, we will leverage the Strong Heart Study, a large, longitudinal, heterogeneous, population-based study of aging in American Indian adults over 3 geographic regions (N=2,500). In this proposed work, we will build on this study, as well as our prior work, to assess the continuum of bilingualism in American Indian peoples by culturally adapting the Language History Questionnaire, evaluate bilingualism in American Indians of multiple generations in association with a detailed cognitive performance battery, and construct conceptual models to assess intervariable relationships including effect modification and moderation by crystallized cognition. This project will illuminate questions of public health significance in a vulnerable population that remains underrepresented in ADRD research, with potential implications for future prevention and treatment strategies.

项目概要/摘要 美洲印第安人患脑血管病和阿尔茨海默氏病的负担更大 与非西班牙裔白人美国人群相比，痴呆症 (ADRD) 合并症也可能有 双语现象在美洲印第安人社区中很常见，认知能力下降和痴呆症的负担更大。 可以增强工作记忆能力、注意力控制和认知储备，从而降低认知风险。 然而，双语是一种高度个人化的体验，使用环境可以改变其认知效果。 可能影响这种关联的因素包括年龄、性别、词汇量、身体和精神状态、 综合评估失业状况、文化和社会活动之间的关系。 双语能力和认知能力对于充分理解美国印第安成年人的 ADRD 可能至关重要。 尽管双语和认知储备之间的联系已经在许多人群中进行了研究， 对美洲印第安人的双语研究有限，部分原因是与相关的关键辅助因素有关 他们的经验、观点和标准化评估。 影响美洲印第安人的因素包括强迫就读英语寄宿学校，这些学校使用英语 母语受到惩罚，文化同化优先于教育质量。 结果，就读于此类学校的美国印第安成年人的双语可能与其他学校有所不同 事实上，NIA (RFA-AG-23-001) 将双语定义为“熟练掌握两种或多种语言”， 然而，对于美国本土语言或美国语言，目前还没有经过验证、详细的熟练程度评估。 我们提出的研究将是第一个在文化上适应语言使用和使用这些语言的印度人的研究。 为了回应 RFA-AG-23-001，我们 将利用“强心脏研究”，这是一项大型、纵向、异质、基于人群的老龄化研究 超过 3 个地理区域的美洲印第安人成年人 (N=2,500) 在这项拟议的工作中，我们将以这项研究为基础， 以及我们之前的工作，从文化角度评估美洲印第安人双语的连续性 改编语言历史调查问卷，评估多个美洲印第安人的双语情况 与详细的认知表现电池相关联的几代人，并构建概念模型 评估变量间的关系，包括通过结晶认知进行效应修正和调节。 该项目将阐明对仍然存在的弱势群体具有公共卫生意义的问题 ADRD 研究中代表性不足，对未来的预防和治疗策略具有潜在影响。