Neural assays and longitudinal assessment of infants at very high risk for ASD

自闭症谱系障碍极高风险婴儿的神经分析和纵向评估

基本信息

批准号：
9121390
负责人：
SCOTT P JOHNSON
金额：
$ 18.34万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至 2017-09-06
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9121390
关键词：
Age Age-Months Arousal Attention Auditory Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavioral Binding Biological Assay Biological Markers Birth Brain Child Cognitive Cueing for speech Detection Development Diagnosis Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Disease Distress Early Intervention Electrophysiology (science)Event Eye Face Family Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Image Individual Infant Infant Development Instruction Language Learning Life Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Modeling Mydriasis Names Outcome Pathway interactions Pattern Phenotype Process Proxy Quality of life Reaction Research Rest Rewards Risk Sampling Shapes Siblings Social Interaction Social Values Speech Stimulus Testing Toddler Visual Work auditory stimulus autism spectrum disorder base disorder risk effective intervention frontal lobe genetic risk factor high risk high risk infant improved infancy innovation joint attention language processing neural correlate neuromechanism non-Native relating to nervous system response risk variant sample fixation screening sequence learning skills social social attention visual stimulus white matter

项目摘要

It is essential to identify the early signs of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in order to improve developmental outcomes. While recent evidence suggests that the assessment of a wide range of skills and behaviors may help identify signs of ASD in the second year of life, the search for behavioral markers of ASD in the first 12 months has proven particularly challenging. This challenge is likely due to the limited behavioral repertoire of infants in the first year of life, thus motivating the search for more sensitive biomarkers. Informed by our own (and others') work on the neural basis and early indicators of ASD, the overarching aim of Project I is to identify reliable biological markers of ASD in infants at ultra-high risk (UHR) for the disorder, i.e. having more than one older sibling with ASD. We are taking an innovative, hypothesis driven, multi-modal approach, which uses eye tracking, pupillometry, electrophysiology (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to track these infants' development in the first year of life, with focus on social attention, implicit learning, and brain connectivity. Accordingly, we will quantify the development of attention to, and engagement with, socially relevant stimuli, using eye-tracking and pupillometry paradigms capturing dynamic social interactions. We will examine the neural correlates of implicit learning using innovative event-related electrophysiological measures and functional MRI. And we will characterize the development of functional and structural connectivity using EEG and MRI. Overall, we expect to detect altered developmental pathways in these social and cognitive domains and neural processes in UHR infants, as compared to low risk infants (LR), and that the proposed measures will be predictive of an ASD diagnosis at 36 months.

必须确定自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的早期迹象，以改善发展结果。尽管最近的证据表明，评估广泛的技能和行为可能有助于确定生命第二年的ASD迹象，但事实证明，在头12个月中寻找ASD的行为标记已被证明特别具有挑战性。这一挑战可能是由于婴儿在生命的第一年的行为曲目有限，因此激发了人们寻找更敏感的生物标志物。由我们自己（和其他人）的工作以ASD的神经和早期指标为基础，项目I的总体目的是确定以超高风险（UHR）的婴儿的可靠生物学标记（UHR），即与ASD患有多个年龄较大的兄弟姐妹。我们正在采用一种创新的，假设驱动的多模式方法，该方法使用眼睛跟踪，知性测定学，电生理学（EEG）和磁共振成像（MRI）在生命的第一年中跟踪这些婴儿的发展，重点关注社会关注，隐式学习，隐含学习，大脑连接性。因此，我们将使用目光跟踪和划时范式来量化对社会相关的刺激的关注并与社会相关的刺激的发展。我们将使用与创新事件相关的电生理测量和功能性MRI检查隐式学习的神经相关性。我们将使用脑电图和MRI来表征功能和结构连通性的发展。总体而言，与低风险婴儿（LR）相比，我们期望在这些社会和认知领域和神经过程中检测到改变的发育途径，并且所提出的措施将预测36个月时ASD诊断。