Bottom-up regulation and competition of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae along an urbanization gradient in Puerto Rico: Effects on population performance and vector competence

波多黎各城市化梯度上埃及伊蚊（双翅目：蚊科）幼虫的自下而上调节和竞争：对种群表现和媒介能力的影响

• 批准号: 10574478
• 负责人: Limarie Judith Reyes Torres
• 金额: $ 3.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-03 至 2025-01-02
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10574478
• 关键词: Adult; Aedes; Affect; Animals; Arbovirus Infections; Arboviruses; Biomass; Blood; Carbon; Cities; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Dengue Infection; Development; Diptera; Ecology; Environment; Exhibits; Female; Fertility; Flowers; Generations; Habitats; Human; Incubated; Knowledge; Laboratories; Larva; Life; Link; Measures; Medical; Methods; Nitrogen; Nutrient; Outcome; Performance; Plants; Population; Population Dynamics; Population Sizes; Predisposition; Public Health; Puerto Rico; Research; Resources; Sampling; Technology; Testing; Time; Trace Elements Nutrition; Translating; Up-Regulation; Urbanization; Variant; Vector Ecology; Virus; Water; Yellow Fever; ZIKA; arboviral disease; chikungunya; density; experimental study; global temperature; human disease; laboratory experiment; life history; man; novel; pathogen; stoichiometry; suburb; transmission process; urban area; vector; vector competence; vector control

Bottom-up regulation and competition of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae along an urbanization gradient in Puerto Rico: Effects on population performance and vector competence Aedes aegypti, is the primary vector of emerging arboviruses causing serious human illnesses including yellow fever, dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Species population dynamics are related to urbanization and human density as larvae develop in man-made habitats and bloodfeed on humans. Previous studies have independently related urbanization parameters, detrital inputs, and larval competition to some aspects of Ae. aegypti life history (e.g., development time, biomass, fecundity) and vector competence. However, no study has determined how urbanization can influence these ecological interactions in larval habitats, the effect that this can have on Ae. aegypti performance across life stages, generations, and vector competence, nor have used a nutrient stoichiometry approach to do so. Urbanization changes could translate to changes in detritus availability and species competition in larval habitats along a gradient of urbanization which could in turn, influence the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti to dengue infection. The first objective of this proposal is to determine the influence of urbanization on Ae. aegypti larval bottom-up effects and competition in Puerto Rico. The second and third objectives are to assess the influence of urbanization related-detrital inputs and Aedes sp. competition on the species life history across generations and vector competence, respectively. Preliminary data suggests that plant detritus biomass and composition have a significant effect on Ae. aegypti larval and adult biomass. In addition, container water nitrogen (%N) significantly increases with urbanization, that water Carbon:Nitrogen (C:N) is significantly higher in suburban containers, and C:N exhibits a significant relationship with Ae. aegypti larval biomass. The overall hypothesis of this proposal is that urbanization influences detrital inputs and competition in Ae. aegypti larval habitats and that this variation will affect species performance (survival, development rate, and biomass) and dengue vector competence. A combination of field sampling and laboratory experiments will be used to answer the objectives. Sixty larval containers will be sampled across a gradient of urbanization in San Juan, Puerto Rico following a stratified random sampling method with three strata (urban density): low, medium, and high. Incubated containers will simulate larval conditions of each strata with combinations of detrital inputs and species intraspecific and interspecific competition. Aedes aegypti females will be infected with a dengue blood meal to determine virus dissemination and transmission rates. Nutrient analysis (i.e., %C %N, C:N) will be performed on container water, detritus, larvae, and adults from field and laboratory experiments. The results of this research have relevance to vector ecology, vector control strategies, arbovirus diseases, and public health.

埃及伊蚊（双翅目：蚊科）幼虫的自下而上调控和竞争 波多黎各的城市化梯度：对人口表现和媒介能力的影响 埃及伊蚊是新出现的虫媒病毒的主要载体，可引起严重的人类疾病，包括 黄热病、登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热。物种种群动态与城市化和 幼虫在人造栖息地中发育并以人类为食时的人类密度。之前的研究有 城市化参数、碎屑输入和幼虫竞争与AE的某些方面独立相关。 埃及伊蚊的生活史（例如发育时间、生物量、繁殖力）和媒介能力。然而没有研究 确定了城市化如何影响幼虫栖息地的这些生态相互作用， 这个可以放在Ae上。埃及伊蚊在生命阶段、世代和媒介能力方面的表现，也没有 使用营养化学计量方法来做到这一点。城市化的变化可能会转化为碎石的变化 沿着城市化梯度，幼虫栖息地的可用性和物种竞争反过来又可能， 影响Ae的易感性。埃及伊蚊感染登革热。该提案的第一个目标是确定 城市化对Ae的影响波多黎各的埃及伊蚊幼虫自下而上的影响和竞争。这 第二个和第三个目标是评估城市化相关碎屑输入和伊蚊的影响。 分别对物种跨代生活史和媒介能力的竞争。初步的 数据表明，植物碎屑生物量和成分对白斑伊蚊有显着影响。埃及伊蚊幼虫和 成人生物量。此外，容器水氮（%N）随着城市化显着增加，即水 郊区容器中的碳：氮 (C:N) 明显较高，并且 C:N 表现出显着关系 与艾伊。埃及伊蚊幼虫生物量。该提案的总体假设是城市化影响 Ae 中的碎屑输入和竞争。埃及幼虫栖息地，这种变化将影响物种 性能（存活率、发育率和生物量）和登革热媒介能力。组合 现场采样和实验室实验将用于回答目标。六十个幼虫容器将 在分层随机抽样之后，在波多黎各圣胡安的城市化梯度中进行抽样 具有三个层次（城市密度）的方法：低、中和高。孵化容器将模拟幼虫 每个地层的条件以及碎屑输入和种内和种间物种的组合 竞赛。雌性埃及伊蚊将被登革热血粉感染以确定病毒传播 和传输速率。将对容器中的水、碎屑、 来自现场和实验室实验的幼虫和成虫。本研究结果与向量相关 生态学、病媒控制策略、虫媒病毒疾病和公共卫生。