Endothelial Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase

神经元一氧化氮合酶的内皮表达

基本信息

批准号：
9124378
负责人：
Prasad V Katakam
金额：
$ 32.92万
依托单位：
TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-01 至 2020-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cerebral microvascular dysfunction has been implicated in the brain injury following stroke, however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has endothelial (eNOS) and neuronal (nNOS) isoforms that were named after the locations where they were first identified. Our preliminary studies, for the first time, identified nNOS in freshly isolated rat brain microvessels and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) from rat, mouse, and humans utilizing PCR and immunoblot techniques. We found that endothelial nNOS is structurally and functionally distinct from eNOS and the nNOS expressed in the neurons. Therefore, we named the endothelial nNOS as enNOS. Our preliminary studies revealed that inhibition of eNOS in BMECs or nNOS in neurons increased the levels of superoxide and decreased NO levels. Furthermore, eNOS inhibition results in diminished mitochondrial reserve respiratory capacity. Similarly, inhibition of nNOS in neurons increased superoxide levels and decreased NO levels. In contrast, enNOS inhibition led to diminished superoxide levels, increased NO levels, and enhanced mitochondrial reserve respiratory capacity. Thus, unlike nNOS of neuronal origin and eNOS, enNOS exists in the uncoupled state. Preliminary studies also showed that enNOS significantly contributes to baseline as well as angiotensin II- induced superoxide levels in BMECs that is comparable to but independent of NADPH oxidase. Finally, inhibition of all NOS isoforms during oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD-R) decreased superoxide generation from cytosol and mitochondrial sources resulting in increased survival of BMECs which indicates the physiological significance of enNOS in BMECs. Experimental stroke-induced brain damage is greater in eNOS but diminished in nNOS knockouts, however, the exact mechanisms underlying the nNOS inhibition afforded neuroprotection have never been examined. We hypothesize that enNOS is functionally distinct from eNOS and nNOS of neuronal origin. We further hypothesize that enNOS is the primary mediator of OGD-R injury to BMECs and is an important modulator of post-ischemic BBB disruption. Aim 1 will demonstrate that enNOS is functionally distinct from eNOS and nNOS in generating superoxide versus NO and in modulating mitochondrial function after OGD-R in cultured BMECs and neurons. Aim 2 will determine the functional significance of enNOS and eNOS on post-OGD-R viability and structural integrity of BMECs. Aim 3 will determine the differential role of enNOS and eNOS on the post-ischemic BBB integrity and microvascular dysfunction. The proposed studies will fundamentally advance our mechanistic understanding of NOS, the single most important regulator of neurovascular unit, and will provide breakthrough findings to target enNOS for treating microvascular dysfunction in stroke.

描述（由申请人提供）：脑部微血管功能障碍是中风后的损伤，g机制尚不清楚。鉴定出我们的前研究，我们首次使用PCR和免疫印迹技术的大鼠，小鼠和人类的ain微血管粒细胞（BMEC）揭示了BMEC或神经元中的eNOS增加了超氧化物的水平，eNOS iNOS inos inos insults insults insults insults降低了。与神经元的起源和eNOS不同，ENNOS存在于Aseline以及血管紧张素II诱导的BMEC中的超氧化物水平，但在所有NOS氧化酶的氧化酶中都具有相当的作用。从胞质和线粒体导致bmechichics thysololocal的生存率增加，但在eNOS中，ENNOS的含量更大，但在NNOS敲除中减少了，但是，NEROPTRICT所提供的NOS抑制作用的确切机制从未得到过Neus和Neus的Neuron。起源。 BMEC的结构完整性。治疗中风中的微血管功能障碍。