Encoding Temporal Fine Structure for Cochlear Implants

编码人工耳蜗的颞精细结构

• 批准号: 10570828
• 负责人: RAYMOND L GOLDSWORTHY
• 金额: $ 34.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10570828
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Affect; Auditory; Auditory system; Bypass; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Code; Comprehension; Computers; Cues; Devices; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Frequencies; Goals; Health; Hearing; Implant; Learning; Measures; Methods; Music; Outcome; Perception; Perceptual learning; Periodicity; Phase; Physiological; Physiology; Pitch Perception; Psychophysics; Quality of life; Research; Resolution; Sensory; Shapes; Speech; Speech Perception; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Uncertainty; Voice; Work; auditory discrimination; experience; experimental study; improved; innovation; neural; neural model; normal hearing; response; sound; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this work is to improve music and speech perception for cochlear implant users. The relevant health outcome is their quality of life. This proposal focuses on how well cochlear implant users can learn to use temporal fine structure if provided as a clear and consistent cue for music or voice pitch. Historically, cochlear implants have discarded temporal fine structure and have only transmitted timing information of relatively slow envelope fluctuations. Attempts have been made to restore temporal fine structure into cochlear implant stimulation, but it is unclear whether previous attempts were limited by implementation, lack of experience, or inherently by physiology. The proposed approach is unique in that it examines the perceptual and physiological plasticity that occurs when temporal fine structure is restored. Proposed research is organized into two aims, which examine the relative salience of stimulation place and rate for providing a sense of pitch (Aim 1) and the salience of dynamic-rate stimulation compared to conventional methods (Aim 2). Both aims combine perceptual learning, computer-controlled electrode psychophysics, electrophysiology, and computational neural modeling to characterize the plasticity of pitch perception in cochlear implant users. Aim 1 examines the perceptual and physiological plasticity associated with place and rate of cochlear implant stimulation. Cochlear implant users hear an increasing pitch associated with increasing stimulation rate, but this effect is difficult to measure above 300 Hz. Most studies of psychophysical sensitivity to cochlear implant stimulation rate have not considered perceptual learning. Preliminary results show that the sense of pitch provided by stimulation rate improves with training. The proposed research examines perceptual sensitivity and physiological encoding throughout a crossover training study with training provided for pitch based on place and rate of stimulation. The primary hypothesis tested is that cochlear implant users have a latent ability to hear pitch associated with stimulation rate, but they require training to learn how to use this new information. Aim 2 is to determine whether dynamic-rate stimulation provides better sensitivity and better physiological encoding of fundamental frequency compared to conventional stimulation methods based on amplitude modulation of constant-rate stimulation. In normal physiology, auditory-nerve activity phase locks to the temporal fine structure of sound. Since cochlear implants typically discard this information, it is unknown how well cochlear implant users can learn to use it if provided. Aim 2 focuses on the comparison between dynamic-rate stimulation in which stimulation rate is dynamically adjusted to convey temporal fine structure compared to conventional methods based on amplitude modulation of constant-rate stimulation. The primary hypothesis is that dynamic- rate stimulation provides better pitch sensitivity and better physiological encoding compared to amplitude modulation of constant-rate stimulation.

项目概要 这项工作的目标是改善人工耳蜗用户的音乐和言语感知。相关健康状况 结果就是他们的生活质量。该提案的重点是人工耳蜗用户如何学会使用 如果提供时间精细结构作为音乐或音高的清晰一致的提示。历史上，人工耳蜗 植入物放弃了时间精细结构，仅传输相对较慢的时序信息 包络波动。已尝试将颞部精细结构恢复到人工耳蜗中 刺激，但尚不清楚之前的尝试是否受到实施、缺乏经验或 本质上是由生理学决定的。所提出的方法的独特之处在于它检查了感知和生理 当时间精细结构恢复时发生的可塑性。拟议的研究分为两个目标， 检查提供音高感的刺激位置和速率的相对显着性（目标 1）和 与传统方法相比，动态速率刺激的显着性（目标 2）。这两个目标都结合了感性 学习、计算机控制电极心理物理学、电生理学和计算神经建模 表征人工耳蜗使用者的音调感知的可塑性。 目标 1 检查与人工耳蜗植入位置和速率相关的知觉和生理可塑性 刺激。人工耳蜗用户听到的音调随着刺激率的增加而增加，但这 300 Hz 以上的效果很难测量。大多数关于人工耳蜗植入的心理物理敏感性的研究 刺激率没有考虑知觉学习。初步结果表明，音高感 刺激率随着训练而提高。拟议的研究考察了知觉敏感性和 整个交叉训练研究中的生理编码，根据地点和位置提供音调训练 刺激率。测试的主要假设是人工耳蜗使用者具有听音调的潜在能力 与刺激率相关，但他们需要培训才能学习如何使用这些新信息。 目标 2 是确定动态速率刺激是否提供更好的灵敏度和更好的生理功能 与基于幅度的传统刺激方法相比，基频编码 恒定速率刺激的调制。在正常生理学中，听觉神经活动相位锁定到颞叶 声音的精细结构。由于人工耳蜗通常会丢弃这些信息，因此尚不清楚人工耳蜗的效果如何 如果提供的话，植入物用户可以学习使用它。目标 2 侧重于动态速率刺激之间的比较 与传统的相比，其中动态调整刺激速率以传达时间精细结构 基于恒定速率刺激的幅度调制的方法。主要假设是动态- 与振幅相比，速率刺激提供更好的音高灵敏度和更好的生理编码 恒定速率刺激的调制。