The Role of Place on the Co-occurrence of ATOD Use and Violence Among Youth

地点对青少年 ATOD 使用和暴力同时发生的作用

• 批准号: 8986783
• 负责人: Sarah A Stoddard
• 金额: $ 14.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8986783
• 关键词: ATOD; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Development; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Award; Behavior; Censuses; Characteristics; Clinic; Collaborations; Communities; County; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Drug usage; Ensure; Ethics; Evaluation; Funding; Future; Goals; Growth; Health; Homicide; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Lead; Letters; Life; Location; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Mind; Monitor; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neighborhoods; Nurse Practitioners; Play; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Primary Prevention; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Resources; Review Literature; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Scientist; Security; Social Environment; Space Perception; Students; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Translating; Violence; Vision; Vulnerable Populations; Youth; adolescent drug use; adolescent substance use; base; career; community partnership; contextual factors; design; experience; health disparity; innovation; interest; meetings; multilevel analysis; prevent; prevent ATOD use; programs; sixth grade; skills; social disparities; spatial relationship; stem; therapy design; therapy development; youth violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Proposed is a Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) that provides me the training and research experience necessary to develop an innovative research program focused on ATOD use and violent/aggressive behavior among youth. My research and professional career have focused on vulnerable populations of young people living in communities characterized by substantial health and social disparities. My primary research interest focuses on resiliency in the prevention of ATOD use and violent behavior among at-risk urban adolescents and young adults. This research interest stems from my experience as a Nurse Practitioner in school-based and community-based clinics with adolescents and young adults. To date, my program of research has focused on the healthy development of adolescents and prevention of risk behaviors, particularly youth violence. My long-term goal is to become an independent investigator in the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violent/aggressive behavior among youth, and the role of primitive factors in the healthy development of youth, specifically primitive factors within the neighborhood context (place). With my long- term goal in mind, my training and research objectives for the five-year award period are: 1) To develop expertise in ATOD use, the relationship between ATOD use and violent behavior, and their concomitant individual and neighborhood risk and primitive factors; 2) To expand my quantitative skills to examine for the effect of place (neighborhood) on adolescent ATOD use and the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violence/aggression overtime; 3) To develop skills in intervention development, evaluation, and design; and 4) To advance my knowledge of the ethical conduct of intervention research with adolescents, including considerations regarding recruitment, data collection, management and security, and intervention. Training will include: graduate coursework in spatial-temporal analysis; short courses in intervention development and design and advanced multilevel modeling; mentored literature reviews on youth ATOD use, ATOD use and violence, and neighborhood effects of substance use among youth; participation in substance use interdisciplinary workgroups and meetings; mentorship in developing school and community partnerships for intervention research and translating research findings into interventions; and three mentored research projects. I will be mentored by experts in adolescent development, adolescent substance use, spatial analysis, and intervention development and implementation. Guided by a developmental-ecological perspective, I have proposed two secondary data analysis projects and one data collection project to address the following overarching research aims: 1) To examine the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violence/aggression among urban youth; 2) To explore how place influences the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violence; 3) To examine the relationship between future orientation, place, and the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violence during adolescence; and 4) To develop an intervention and relevant measures that will be the basis for an R21 and future RCT R01. Using data from the NIDA-funded longitudinal Flint Adolescent Study (n = 850, PI: Zimmerman), the first project will focus on the trajectories of ATOD use and violent behavior over time, and will identify neighborhood characteristics that influence trajectories of ATOD use and violent behavior in a sample of urban youth. I will use dual trajectory growth curve analysis and cross-legged path analyses to explore the relationship between ATOD use and violence from age 14-32. Multilevel modeling analyses will be used to identify neighborhood characteristics that influence the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violence. Using data from a county-wide school based survey (Coordinated Community Student Survey; C2S2); the second research project will focus on the relationship between future orientation, place, and the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violent behavior. I will use multi-group, multilevel SEM (ML-SEM) to examine differences in the relationship between future orientation and ATOD use/violent behavior based on neighborhood factors. The third study involves conducting a survey with a subsample of C2S2 youth (n = 500 6th grade students) for a more in-depth exploration of the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violent behavior, future orientation and its relationship to ATOD and violent behavior, and how place influence future orientation and ATOD use and violent behavior in a sample of urban youth. Measures, study design, and analyses will be determined based on knowledge, skills, and mentoring received as part of the training plan. In research projects 2 and 3, I will use spatial analytic techniques to examine the effects of place-based risk and primitive factors on future orientation, youth ATOD use and violence. In the proposed projects, I seek to identify place-based assets and resources that are associated with preventing the co-occurrence of ATOD use and violence and promote the development of future orientation. In collaboration with school/community partners, I will use these findings to develop an intervention focused on promoting health youth development and reducing ATOD use and violent behavior during year 4, and I will submit an R21 to test this intervention during year 5.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的是一个指导的科学家职业发展奖（K01），它为我提供了开发针对ATOD使用和青少年暴力/侵略行为的创新研究计划所必需的培训和研究经验。我的研究和职业生涯集中在居住在以健康和社会差异为特征的社区中的年轻人的脆弱人群上。我的主要研究兴趣集中在防止高危城市青少年和年轻人中预防ATOD使用和暴力行为的弹性。这项研究兴趣源于我在与青少年和年轻人的学校和社区诊所中担任护士从业者的经验。迄今为止，我的研究计划集中在青少年的健康发展和预防风险行为，尤其是青年暴力的情况下。我的长期目标是成为年轻人对ATOD使用和暴力/侵略行为共同存在的独立研究者，以及原始因素在健康发展中的作用，特别是在邻里环境中（地点）中原始因素。考虑到我的长期目标，我在五年奖励期间的培训和研究目标是：1）发展ATOD使用方面的专业知识，ATOD使用与暴力行为之间的关系及其伴随的个人和邻里风险以及原始因素； 2）扩大我的定量技能，以检查地点（邻居）对青少年使用的影响以及ATOD使用和随着暴力/侵略性的同时存在的影响； 3）发展干预，评估和设计方面的技能； 4）为了促进我对青少年干预研究的道德行为的了解，包括有关招聘，数据收集，管理和安全以及干预的考虑。培训将包括：空间分析的研究生课程；干预开发和设计的简短课程以及高级多层建模；对青年使用，ATOD使用和暴力行为以及青年使用物质使用的邻里影响的指导文献评论；参与跨学科工作组和会议的药物使用；开发学校和社区伙伴关系的指导，用于干预研究，并将研究结果转化为干预措施；和三个指导的研究项目。我将受到青少年发展，青少年物质使用，空间分析以及干预发展和实施的专家的指导。在发育生态学的观点的指导下，我提出了两个二级数据分析项目和一个数据收集项目，以解决以下基本研究的目的：1）研究城市青年对ATOD使用和暴力/侵略的共发生； 2）探索位置如何影响Atod使用和暴力的同时存在； 3）检查未来的定向，位置和青春期使用Atod使用和暴力的同时存在之间的关系； 4）制定一项干预措施和相关措施，这将成为R21和未来RCT R01的基础。使用NIDA资助的纵向火石青少年研究（n = 850，PI：Zimmerman）的数据，第一个项目将集中在ATOD使用和暴力行为的轨迹上，并将确定在城市青年样本中影响ATOD使用和暴力行为的邻里特征。我将使用双重轨迹增长曲线分析和跨腿路径分析来探索ATOD使用与14-32岁的暴力之间的关系。多级建模分析将用于识别影响ATOD使用和暴力的同时出现的邻里特征。使用来自县范围的学校调查的数据（协调的社区学生调查； C2S2）；第二个研究项目将重点介绍未来的定向，位置以及ATOD使用和暴力行为的同时存在之间的关系。我将使用多组的多级SEM（ML-SEM）来检查基于邻里因素的未来取向和ATOD使用/暴力行为之间关系的差异。第三项研究涉及对C2S2青年的子样本（N = 500个六年级学生）进行调查，以更深入地探索ATOD使用和暴力行为的共同存在，未来的取向及其与Atod和暴力行为的关系以及位置如何影响未来的介于未来的方向和Atod和Atod和Atod的使用和暴力行为。措施，研究设计和分析将根据知识，技能和指导作为培训计划的一部分确定。在研究项目2和3中，我将使用空间分析技术来检查基于地点的风险和原始因素对未来定向，青年ATOD使用和暴力的影响。在拟议的项目中，我试图确定与防止ATOD使用和暴力共同发生相关的基于地的资产和资源，并促进未来取向的发展。在与学校/社区合作伙伴的合作中，我将使用这些发现来制定一项旨在促进健康青年发展并减少ATOD使用和暴力行为的干预措施，我将提交R21在第五年进行测试此干预措施。