Research Project 2: Can Family-Centered Prevention Programming Reduce Neuroimmune Vulnerabilities for Drug Use and Health Risk among African American Adolescents?: A Randomized Prevention Trial

研究项目 2：以家庭为中心的预防规划能否减少非裔美国青少年吸毒和健康风险的神经免疫脆弱性？：随机预防试验

• 批准号: 10240670
• 负责人: Gene H. Brody
• 金额: $ 49.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10240670
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; African American; Age; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Blood; Brain; Child Rearing; Childhood; Chronic; Chronic stress; Consensus; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Decision Making; Drug usage; Eating; Etiology; Exposure to; Family; Family Relationship; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Health; Hormones; Immune system; Immunology; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Intervention; Investigation; Investigational Drugs; Link; Long-Term Effects; Longterm Follow-up; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neuroimmune; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Peripheral; Physiological; Plant Roots; Play; Population; Prevention; Prevention program; Prevention trial; Process; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research Project Grants; Research Project Summaries; Research Support; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; Science; Scientist; Series; Signal Transduction; Skin; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Structure; System; Testing; Unhealthy Diet; Work; Youth; biological adaptation to stress; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolism; design; drug abuse prevention; drug use vulnerability; dysphoria; early onset substance use; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; follow-up; health disparity; indexing; lower income families; network models; neural circuit; neurochemistry; neurotransmission; prevent; programs; psychosocial; ranpirnase; relating to nervous system; reward circuitry; reward processing; social; stressor; substance misuse; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY: Research Project 2 The African American populations on whom the proposed Research Project (RP) 2 and broader P50 Center focus are disproportionately exposed to social adversities, hardships that take a toll on individuals’ biological, neurocognitive, and behavioral systems. During the transition to adulthood, this toll manifests in escalating rates of addictive behavior, including drug use and unhealthy eating. A scientific consensus is emerging that exposure to social adversity and other stressors during childhood and adolescence can promote both drug use and cardiometabolic vulnerabilities through cumulative effects “under the skin”, including dysregulation of the neuroimmune network (NIN). Despite exposure to chronic stress, however, many African American youth and young adults do not evince NIN dysregulation and vulnerability to drug use and other forms of addictive behavior. In a series of proof-of-principle studies sponsored by our P30 Center, we investigated the long-term effects of participation at age 11 in the Strong African American Families (SAAF) program on individuals when they were transitioning to adulthood (ages 19-25). A number of additional benefits from participation became apparent, many of which involved modifying processes linked to those specified in the NIN framework (i.e., prefrontal-limbic connectivity, limbic region structures, inflammation, and cardiometabolic health). Although provocative findings, data on inflammation and neural activity were collected post hoc, and these findings must be regarded as preliminary until a more rigorous study is performed. The proposed RP2 is designed to meet this need by conducting a randomized controlled trial of the SAAF program (N = 300 low-income families) in which youth will participate in an fMRI assessment and blood draw to index NIN-related neural systems and peripheral inflammation at baseline and a long-term follow-up (2 years). Psychosocial measures from parents and youth will also be conducted at baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up. Our specific aims are to test hypotheses regarding: (1) the influence of participation in SAAF on change in NIN-associated risk markers (neural circuitry subserving threat, reward, and executive control, as well as peripheral inflammation) across 2 years; (2) the mediating role of protective parenting in linking SAAF participation to NIN-associated risk markers; (3) the influence of SAAF on change in addictive behavior vulnerabilities associated with emotion regulation, risky decision making, early-onset substance use, unhealthy eating, and cardiometabolic risk markers; and (4) the mediational chain linking SAAF to addictive behavior vulnerabilities via changes in parenting and NIN-associated risk markers. Testing the experimental effects of SAAF on NIN-specified vulnerability factors with pretest and follow-up fMRI and inflammation assessments represents a dramatic step forward in prevention science, and we hope that RP2 will provide a template for future investigations of drug use prevention programs.

项目摘要：研究项目 2 拟议研究项目 (RP) 2 和更广泛的 P50 中心所针对的非裔美国人 焦点不成比例地暴露在社会逆境和困难中，这些逆境对个人的生物、 在向成年过渡期间，这种损失表现为不断升级。 成瘾行为（包括吸毒和不健康饮食）的发生率正在形成一个科学共识。 儿童期和青春期暴露于社会逆境和其他压力源会促进吸毒 以及通过“皮下”累积效应造成的心脏代谢脆弱性，包括心律失常 尽管长期承受压力，但许多非裔美国青年和神经免疫网络（NIN）。 年轻人没有表现出 NIN 失调以及容易吸毒和其他形式的成瘾行为 在我们的 P30 中心赞助的一系列原理验证研究中，我们调查了长期行为。 11 岁时参加坚强非裔美国人家庭 (SAAF) 计划对个人的影响 他们正在过渡到成年（19-25 岁）。参与活动还带来了一些额外的好处。 显然，其中许多涉及修改与 NIN 框架中指定的流程相关的流程（即 前额叶边缘连接、边缘区域结构、炎症和心脏代谢健康）。 具有挑战性的发现、炎症和神经活动的数据是事后收集的，这些发现必须 在进行更严格的研究之前，建议的 RP2 被视为初步的。 通过对 SAAF 计划（N = 300 个低收入家庭）进行随机对照试验来满足这一需求 哪些青少年将参加功能磁共振成像评估和抽血，以索引与 NIN 相关的神经系统，以及 基线周围炎症和父母的长期随访（2 年）。 我们的具体目标是进行基线、1 年和 2 年随访。 假设涉及：(1) 参与 SAAF 对 NIN 相关风险标志物变化的影响 （神经回路促进威胁、奖励和执行控制，以及外周炎症）跨越 2 (2) 保护性养育在 SAAF 参与与 NIN 相关风险之间的中介作用 (3) SAAF 对与情绪相关的成瘾行为脆弱性变化的影响 监管、风险决策、早发性物质使用、不健康饮食和心脏代谢风险 标记；(4) 通过改变将 SAAF 与成瘾行为脆弱性联系起来的中介链。 测试 SAAF 对 NIN 特定的实验效果。 预测试和后续功能磁共振成像和炎症评估的脆弱性因素代表了戏剧性的一步 预防科学的进步，我们希望 RP2 能为未来的药物研究提供一个模板 使用预防计划。