Visual Stimulus Coding and Metabolic Demand in Macaque Primary Visual Cortex

猕猴初级视觉皮层的视觉刺激编码和代谢需求

基本信息

批准号：
10266764
负责人：
Michael Savage
金额：
$ 5.84万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2022-02-01
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10266764
关键词：
Anatomy Animal Model Architecture Area Autopsy Blood Vessels Blood capillaries Blood flow Brain Brain imaging Calcium Cells Cerebral cortex Cerebrum Characteristics Code Color Cone Diffuse Dyes Electrodes Enzymes Fluorescent Dyes Foundations Goals Histologic Histology Human Image Imaging Techniques Injections Label Lead Macaca Maps Measures Metabolic Monitor Neurons Nutrient Output Pattern Primates Property Reporting Research Resolution Sampling Signal Transduction Spatial Distribution Stains Stimulus System Techniques Tissues V1 neuron Visual Visual Cortex Work adeno-associated viral vector area striata arteriole cellular imaging cytochrome c oxidase density hemodynamics improved indexing information organization information processing metabolic profile neural patterning neurovascular coupling optical imaging orientation selectivity relating to nervous system response segregation therapeutic target two-photon vascular bed visual process visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract The relationships between neural response properties, their anatomical underpinnings, and the metabolic profile of neural tissue are key issues that define the normal functional architecture of the cerebral cortex. Understanding how these different systems are organized and work together is fundamental to neuroscientific research. Recent advances in optical imaging of cerebral activity have made it possible to record activity of both neuronal and metabolic dynamics simultaneously. In primate primary visual cortex (V1), the relationships between neuronal orientation and color selectivity have been related to distribution of the metabolic enzyme cytochrome oxidase (CO) and vascular dynamics. The pattern of CO distribution in macaque V1 is a defining characteristic of this brain area. In V1, metabolic demand varies locally and by layer, as evident by diffuse CO-dense patches of cortex surrounded by less dense CO regions in layer 2/3. The distribution of CO in neurons has also been shown to be related to the density and organization of the vasculature which supplies the cortical tissue with nutrients and metabolites. The long-established idea of how these systems interact suggests that strongly orientation tuned neurons reside in only CO interpatch regions while unoriented color tuned neurons reside exclusively in CO patches. However, recent research has shown that such a functional segregation is unlikely. Because earlier techniques failed to measure cone-specific and orientation-specific responses in the same cells and relate them to the CO pattern, new techniques—such as 2-photon imaging—are needed to develop an accurate picture of the functional organization of V1. In addition, the vasculature surrounding tuned neurons has been shown to have its own tuning through changes in vessel dilation and contraction, and therefore are expected to be related to the CO pattern if neural sensitivity to specific stimuli is locally organized in V1. The goal of this proposal is to characterize the interaction of neuronal visual stimulus tuning, CO compartment identity, and vascular dynamics in primate V1. In Aim 1 we will use multiphoton calcium imaging to record orientation and cone specific selectivity in V1 and align the imaged regions with histological sections of CO staining to determine how neurons with different response profiles are distributed among CO patch or interpatch regions. In Aim 2 we will examine whether vascular dynamics are related to cone-specific orientation selectivity and CO compartment identity. The findings of this study will give us comprehensive information on the basic organization of the V1 and fundamentally alter our understand of visual processing.

项目概要/摘要神经反应特性、其解剖基础和神经反应之间的关系神经组织的代谢特征是定义神经组织正常功能结构的关键问题了解这些不同的系统是如何组织和协同工作的。大脑活动光学成像的最新进展是神经科学研究的基础。使得同时记录神经和代谢动态的活动成为可能。在灵长类动物初级视觉皮层（V1）中，神经方向和颜色之间的关系选择性与代谢酶细胞色素氧化酶 (CO) 的分布有关猕猴 V1 中的 CO 分布模式是该大脑的一个决定性特征。在 V1 区域，代谢需求因地而异，逐层变化，这一点可以从弥漫的二氧化碳密集斑块中看出。皮层 2/3 层被密度较低的 CO 区域包围 CO 在神经元中的分布也已发生变化。显示与供应皮质组织的脉管系统的密度和组织有关与营养物质和代谢物。关于这些系统如何相互作用的长期观点表明，强烈的方向调整神经元区域仅驻留在 CO 插补中，而无方向的颜色调整神经元仅驻留在然而，最近的研究表明这种功能分离是不可能的。早期的技术无法测量同一细胞中视锥细胞特异性和方向特异性的反应并将它们与 CO 图案联系起来，需要新技术（例如 2 光子成像）来开发 V1 功能组织的准确图像此外，周围的脉管系统也已调整。神经元已被证明可以通过血管扩张和收缩的变化进行自己的调节，并且因此，如果神经对特定刺激的敏感性是局部的，则预计与 CO 模式有关在 V1 中组织。该提案的目标是表征神经视觉刺激调节 CO 的相互作用在目标 1 中，我们将使用多光子钙。成像记录 V1 中的方向和锥体特异性选择性，并将成像区域与 CO 染色的组织学切片，以确定具有不同反应特征的神经元的情况在目标 2 中，我们将检查血管动力学是否分布在 CO 斑块或斑块间区域。与锥体特异性方向选择性和 CO 隔室特性有关。研究将为我们提供有关 V1 基本组织的全面信息，并从根本上改变我们了解视觉处理。