Epidemiology of Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension in African Caribbeans

非洲加勒比地区肥胖、糖尿病和高血压的流行病学

基本信息

批准号：
10245074
负责人：
IVA MILJKOVIC
金额：
$ 62.76万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10245074
关键词：
Address Adipose tissue Affect African African American African Caribbean Age Aging Alcohol consumption American Archives Behavioral Blood Pressure Blood Vessels Body Composition Body fat Body mass index Body measure procedure Cardiometabolic Disease Cardiovascular Diseases Caribbean region Caucasians Collection Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study Cost of Illness DNA Data Diabetes Mellitus Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Epidemic Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Family Fatty acid glycerol esters Fishes Foundations Funding Future Growth Health High Prevalence Hypertension Image Infrastructure Intake Knowledge Life Style Longitudinal Studies Low Prevalence Measures Medical Menarche Menopause Metabolism Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Nutritional Obesity Organ Overweight Phenotype Population Population Research Prevalence Procedures Process Protocols documentation RNA Race Reading Recording of previous events Reporting Research Resources Risk Risk Factors Sampling Skeletal Muscle Sleep Smoking Specimen Thinness Time Tobago Ultrasonography Visceral Weight West Indies Woman base biobank cardiometabolism cardiovascular health circulating biomarkers cohort cost cost effective epidemiology study ethnic disparity experience fruits and vegetables high risk insight lifestyle factors men microbial novel parity population based protective factors racial and ethnic disparities recruit reproductive sedentary lifestyle sex

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Obesity is a very strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension, which disproportionately affect African ancestry populations. The Caribbean region in particular is experiencing an enormous epidemic of cardio-metabolic disease, with obesity, T2D, and hypertension being considerably higher in African Caribbeans compared to Caribbeans of other race/ethnicities. Despite the current and projected growth in obesity, T2D and hypertension among African Caribbeans, the mechanisms underlying racial/ethnic disparities in these devastating and costly conditions remain largely unknown. T2D and hypertension are driven in part by obesity and body fat distribution, especially fat around and within non-adipose tissue organs (known as ectopic adiposity). Our recent discovery that ectopic skeletal muscle adiposity contributes to incident T2D and hypertension in African Caribbean men supports the hypothesis that ectopic adiposity may be a key risk factor contributing to increased risk of T2D and hypertension in African Caribbean populations. However, in contrast to African Caribbean men, very little is known about the importance of body fat distribution and ectopic adiposity for T2D, hypertension, and resultant cardiovascular disease in African Caribbean women. Our preliminary data underscores the need to extend research to include African Caribbean women to unravel the sex-specific and obesity-related mechanisms for T2D, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to discover novel factors related to these major conditions in African ancestry populations. Over the past 20 years we have been studying a unique population-based cohort of African Caribbean men from Tobago. We now propose to expand our research on obesity, T2D, hypertension, and CVD among African Caribbean men to include African Caribbean women in Tobago. We will collect data on lifestyle and medical factors, anthropometrics, DXA and CT body composition measures, carotid ultrasound measures of subclinical cardiovascular disease, and create a specimen biobank for future proposals using our existing infrastructure and well-established procedures. In these newly recruited women, we propose to: 1) determine the overall, and age- and BMI- specific prevalence of T2D and hypertension in African Caribbean women in Tobago, and compare the prevalence with our existing data in men; 2) identify traditional and novel lifestyle, cultural, behavioral, reproductive, nutritional, and medical-related risk factors for T2D and hypertension among African Caribbean women, and 3) evaluate the association of body fat distribution and ectopic adiposity in African Caribbean women with prevalent T2D and hypertension, and compare these associations with those previously observed in African Caribbean men. In addition to accomplishing these aims, the collection and archiving of vital specimens and measures (e.g., fecal samples for microbial distribution; DNA and RNA extraction for omics based approaches), and reading of archived vascular images for subclinical CVD will create the foundation for subsequent, focused funding proposals. Finally, combined with our existing data in men, our study will provide a rich resource for the long-term study of cardio-metabolic health among African Caribbeans and enable future comparisons to similarly phenotyped cohorts of African Americans.

项目概要/摘要肥胖是 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 和高血压的一个非常重要的危险因素，这对非洲血统人群。特别是加勒比地区正在经历大规模的流行病心脏代谢疾病，其中肥胖、T2D 和高血压在非洲加勒比地区的发病率相当高与其他种族/民族的加勒比人相比。尽管当前和预计肥胖、T2D 和非洲加勒比人的高血压，这些种族/民族差异背后的机制破坏性和代价高昂的情况在很大程度上仍然未知。 T2D 和高血压部分是由肥胖引起的和身体脂肪分布，特别是非脂肪组织器官周围和内部的脂肪（称为异位）肥胖）。我们最近发现异位骨骼肌肥胖会导致 T2D 和非洲加勒比男性的高血压支持异位肥胖可能是一个关键危险因素的假设导致非洲加勒比人群患 T2D 和高血压的风险增加。然而，相比之下对于非洲加勒比男性来说，人们对身体脂肪分布和异位的重要性知之甚少非洲加勒比地区女性肥胖导致 T2D、高血压和由此导致的心血管疾病。我们的初步数据强调需要扩大研究范围，将非洲裔加勒比妇女纳入其中，以解开 T2D、高血压和心血管疾病 (CVD) 的性别特异性和肥胖相关机制发现与非洲血统人群中这些主要状况相关的新因素。过去20年我们一直在研究来自多巴哥的一群独特的非洲加勒比男性。我们现在建议扩大我们对非洲加勒比男性肥胖、T2D、高血压和心血管疾病的研究包括多巴哥的非洲加勒比妇女。我们将收集有关生活方式和医疗因素的数据，人体测量学、DXA 和 CT 身体成分测量、亚临床颈动脉超声测量心血管疾病，并利用我们现有的基础设施为未来的建议创建样本生物库和完善的程序。在这些新招募的女性中，我们建议：1）确定总体，以及多巴哥非洲加勒比地区女性中特定年龄和体重指数的 T2D 和高血压患病率，以及将患病率与我们现有的男性数据进行比较； 2）识别传统和新颖的生活方式、文化、非洲 T2D 和高血压的行为、生殖、营养和医疗相关危险因素加勒比妇女，3) 评估非洲人体脂肪分布与异位肥胖的关系患有 T2D 和高血压的加勒比地区女性，并将这些关联与那些之前在非洲加勒比男性中观察到。除了实现这些目标之外，收集和重要样本和测量数据的存档（例如用于微生物分布的粪便样本；DNA 和 RNA）基于组学方法的提取），以及读取亚临床 CVD 的存档血管图像为后续有针对性的融资提案奠定基础。最后结合我们现有的数据男性，我们的研究将为非洲心脏代谢健康的长期研究提供丰富的资源加勒比海地区，并能够在未来与类似表型的非裔美国人群体进行比较。