NIH Director's Pioneer Award

NIH 院长先锋奖

基本信息

批准号：
7892246
负责人：
Erich D Jarvis
金额：
$ 1.93万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-08-10 至 2011-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7892246
关键词：
Academic Medical Centers Acoustics Address Adult African American Age American Animal Behavior Animals Anterior Area Atrophic Auditory Award Bacillus (bacterium)Bacillus subtilis Basal Ganglia Behavior Behavioral Bioinformatics Biological Biological Assay Biology Biomedical Research Birds Brain Brain Injuries Brain Mapping Brain Stem Brain region Candidate Disease Gene Cell Nucleus Cells Centenarian Cerebrum Chemistry Chickens Chiroptera Chromosome Structures Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Cities Civilization Clinical Research Collection Columbidae Communication Communication Research Complementary DNA Complex Computational Biology Corpus striatum structure Corticospinal Tracts DNA Sequence DNA Sequence Rearrangement Dancing Data Databases Dependency Development Disease Doctor of Philosophy Dorsal Ecology Education Educational Curriculum Elephants Embryo Engineering Evolution Face Faculty Failure Family Psittacidae Fellowship Figs - dietary Fortune Fostering Foundations Freedom Frequencies Funding Funding Mechanisms Gene Expression Gene Expression Profile Gene Expression Regulation Gene Transfer Genes Genetic Genetic Structures Genomics Glutamate Receptor Goals Grant Green Fluorescent Proteins Head Homologous Gene Human Husband Image Immediate-Early Genes Infection Injection of therapeutic agent Institutes International Internet Intranet Japanese Population Jordan Knowledge Language Language Disorders Laryngeal muscle structure Lead Learning Left Length Lentivirus Vector Lesion Libraries Life Link Literature Location Macaca Macaca mulatta Mammals Maps Mathematics Messenger RNA Methods Midbrain structure Minor Minority Modeling Modification Molecular Molecular Biology Molecular Neurobiology Motor Motor Neurons Motor Pathways Movement Muscle Music Mutation National Research Service Awards Nature Neural Pathways Neurites Neurobiology Neurons Neurosciences Neurotrophin 3 New York Nomenclature North Carolina Operative Surgical Procedures Organ Outcome Pan Genus Pathway interactions Pattern Peripheral Nerves Persons Plasmids Positioning Attribute Primates Process Production Promoter Regions Prosencephalon Proteomics Quail Rattus Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)Research Research Personnel Research Support Resources Risk Rodent Scholarship Schools Science Scientist Screening procedure Semantics Sensory Signal Transduction Sleep Social Environment Societies Songbirds Speech Spinal Cord Lesions Spinal cord injury Staging Structure Subfamily lentivirinae Synapses Syringes System Telencephalon Testing Time Tracer Traineeship Transduction Gene Trauma Troglodytinae United States National Institutes of Health Universities Viral Viral Vector Voice Woman Work adenovirus mediated delivery awake base bird song brain pathway brain research cDNA Library career cell type cognitive neuroscience college comparative complex biological systems computer based statistical methods computerized tools design essays feeding frontier gene correction gene function gene synthesis high risk high school hindbrain hypoglossal nucleus in vivo inhibitor/antagonist insight interest large scale production men motor learning nervous system disorder neurotrophic factor nonhuman primate novel nucleus ambiguus performing art positional cloning pre-doctoral prevent professor programs promoter psychologic rRNA Genes rRNA Operon relating to nervous system repaired research study simulation social communication sound symposium syntax tool transcription factor vocal learning vocalization willingness zebra finch

项目摘要

Scientific problem to be addressed, and why it is important The fundamental scientific problem we propose to address is to determine the basic neural and molecular requirements for vocal learning, the behavioral substrate for spoken language. Language is one of the essential behaviors that make us human. With it, we are able to communicate complex concepts, pass on knowledge culturally, and advance human civilization. Without it ¿ due to brain damage, trauma, or developmental diseases - we live a life of impoverished social communication and life dependency on others. Studying this fundamental problem requires that we compare the vocal behavior and associated brain pathways of the few rare groups that have vocal learning - four groups of distantly related mammals (humans, cetaceans, elephants, and bats) and three groups of distantly related birds (parrots, hummingbirds, and songbirds) ¿ with the vast majority of species that do not have it - non-human primates, rodents, suboscine songbirds, pigeons, chickens, etc.1,2. Remarkably, although vocal learners are distantly related to each other, of those whose brains that have been studied (humans, parrots, hummingbirds, and songbirds), evidence suggests that they share a similar vocal pathway forebrain organization: a premotor or anterior vocal pathway (AVP) necessary for vocal learning, including syntax learning, and a motor or posterior vocal pathway (PVP) necessary for production of learned vocalizations1. These forebrain pathways are not found in vocal non-learners. Yet, vocal non-learners appear to possess similar brain pathways for learning and production of non-vocal motor behaviors. Given these findings, we have proposed that the fundamental difference between vocal learners and non-learners is a genetic difference or several genetic differences that control the connection of forebrain motor learning pathways onto brainstem motor neurons that normally control the production of innate vocalizations1. In this essay, I outline the following proposal for testing this novel idea: 1. Discover molecular differences in the motor learning pathways between vocal learners and non-learners. 2. Manipulate their network connectivity by developing novel gene manipulation tools. 3. Use these tools to modify vocal nuclei connectivity and thus vocal behavior of a vocal non-learner, potentially allowing other species to modify and imitate sounds and allowing correction of damaged vocal learning brain pathways in vocal learners. Inducing such connectivity and behavioral changes in vocal non-learners would have profound impact towards understanding molecular mechanisms of vocal learning and evolution of language. Repairing the pathway in vocal learners, when damaged, would have profound impact for correcting neurological disorders of speech.

要解决的科学问题及其重要性我们建议解决的基本科学问题是确定基本的神经和声音学习的分子要求，口语的行为基础之一。使我们成为人类的基本行为有了它，我们就能够交流复杂的概念，传递信息。文化知识，没有它就推进人类文明。由于脑损伤、外伤或发育性疾病——我们的生活缺乏社交沟通，生活依赖他人。研究这个基本问题需要我们比较声音行为和相关的大脑通路少数具有发声学习能力的稀有群体中有四类关系较远的哺乳动物（人类、鲸类、大象和蝙蝠）和三类关系较远的鸟类（鹦鹉、蜂鸟和鸣禽）¿和绝大多数物种没有它——非人类灵长类动物、啮齿动物、亚声鸣禽、鸽子、值得注意的是，尽管声音学习者彼此之间的关系较远，但它们的大脑却是相似的。已被研究过的动物（人类、鹦鹉、蜂鸟和鸣禽），有证据表明它们有共同的特征类似的发声通路前脑组织：发声所必需的前运动或前发声通路（AVP）学习，包括语法学习，以及产生声音所必需的运动或后发声通路（PVP）习得的发声1。然而，在发声非学习者中却没有发现这些前脑通路。鉴于这些，似乎具有相似的学习和产生非声音运动行为的大脑通路。研究结果表明，声乐学习者和非学习者之间的根本区别在于遗传控制前脑运动学习通路连接的差异或几个遗传差异在本文中，我概述了通常控制先天发声产生的脑干运动神经元。以下建议用于测试这个新颖的想法： 1. 发现声乐学习者和非学习者之间运动学习途径的分子差异。 2. 通过开发新型基因操纵工具来操纵网络连接。 3. 使用这些工具来修改声带核连接，从而改变声乐非学习者的声乐行为，可能允许其他物种修改和模仿声音并允许纠正受损的声音声乐学习者的声乐学习大脑通路。在非学习者中诱导这种连接和行为变化将会产生深远的影响了解声音学习和语言进化的分子机制。声乐学习者的通路一旦受损，将对纠正声乐学习者的神经系统疾病产生深远的影响。演讲。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds.

全基因组分析解析了现代鸟类生命之树的早期分支。

DOI：
发表时间：
2014-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Jarvis, Erich D;Mirarab, Siavash;Aberer, Andre J;Li, Bo;Houde, Peter;Li, Cai;Ho, Simon Y W;Faircloth, Brant C;Nabholz, Benoit;Howard, Jason T;Suh, Alexander;Weber, Claudia C;da Fonseca, Rute R;Li, Jianwen;Zhang, Fang;Li, Hui;Zhou, Long;Na
通讯作者：
Na

Avian genomes. A flock of genomes. Introduction.

鸟类基因组。

DOI：
10.1126/science.346.6215.1308
发表时间：
2014-12-12
期刊：
Science
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Guojie Zhang;E. Jarvis;M. Gilbert
通讯作者：
M. Gilbert

Comparative genomic data of the Avian Phylogenomics Project.

鸟类系统基因组学项目的比较基因组数据。

DOI：
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Zhang, Guojie;Li, Bo;Li, Cai;Gilbert, M Thomas P;Jarvis, Erich D;Wang, Jun;Avian Genome Consortium
通讯作者：
Avian Genome Consortium

Microproteomics: quantitative proteomic profiling of small numbers of laser-captured cells.

微蛋白质组学：少量激光捕获细胞的定量蛋白质组学分析。

DOI：
10.1101/pdb.prot5573
发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
Cold Spring Harbor protocols
影响因子：
0
作者：
Petra L. Roulhac;James M. Ward;J. Thompson;E. Soderblom;Michael Silva;M. Arthur;Moseley Iii;E. Jarvis
通讯作者：
E. Jarvis

Of mice, birds, and men: the mouse ultrasonic song system has some features similar to humans and song-learning birds.

小鼠、鸟类和人类：小鼠超声波鸣叫系统具有一些与人类和学习鸣叫的鸟类相似的特征。