Coal Ash and Neurobehavioral Symptoms in Children Aged 6-14 Years Old.

煤灰与 6-14 岁儿童的神经行为症状。

基本信息

批准号：
8908767
负责人：
Kristina Marie Zierold
金额：
$ 49.25万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-05-01 至 2020-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8908767
关键词：
14 year old Area Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Arsenic Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Autistic Disorder Behavior Disorders Behavior assessment Blood Circulation Body Burden Breathing Burn injury Cadmium Caliber Child Child Behavior Checklist Chromium Clinical Coal Communities Copper Developmental Delay Disorders Diagnosis Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Disease Dust Emotional disorder Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Exposure to Focus Groups Geographic Information Systems Hazardous Substances Hazardous Waste Health Heavy Metals Home environment Household Human Ingestion Interview Kentucky Lead Learning Life Low income Lung Manganese Maps Mercury Metals Methods Modeling Neighborhoods Parents Participant Particle Size Pathway interactions Performance Power Plants Principal Investigator Property Public Health Questionnaires Radioactive Radioactive Elements Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Regulation Research Research Personnel Residual state Risk Sampling Site Structure Structure of nail of toe Surface Surveys Symptoms Testing Time Toxic effect United States Work aged base coal ash fly ash follow-up foot hazard improved indoor exposure junior high school landfill neurobehavioral neurobehavioral disorder neurotoxic particle pollutant public health relevance remediation systems research toxic metal

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Coal ash is generated when power plants burn coal for energy. Coal ash is not classified as a hazardous waste, so there are no federal regulations that govern its use, storage, or disposal. Most coal ash is stored in open landfills or in ponds. There are over 800 coal ash storage sites in the U.S. and many are located near residential communities. Coal ash includes many components, but fly ash, which is comprised of small, spherical particles, is the greatest component. Composition of fly ash varies, but it frequently contains toxic metals (e.g. arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, and mercury), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and radioactive elements. Neurobehavioral disorders in children are associated with exposure to many of the metals that are contained in fly ash. Thus, children exposed to fly ash are potentially at risk of developing neurobehavioral disorders. Children are exposed to fly ash via inhalation and ingestion from fugitive dust emissions that come off the landfills and the ponds. This project will investigate the effect of fy ash on children who live in neighborhoods near two coal ash storage sites in Louisville, Kentucky. Some children live in homes within 150 feet of coal ash landfills and ponds. Working with neighborhoods within 10 miles of the coal ash storage sites, we will complete four specific aims: (1) Characterize indoor exposure from fly ash and heavy metals in homes of children residing near coal ash store sites compared to children living further away from coal ash storage sites, (2) Determine if the heavy metal body burden differs from children residing near coal ash storage sites compared to children living further away from storage sites, (3) Assess if increased fly ash exposure and greater heavy metal body burden is associated with poorer neurobehavioral performance and more neurobehavioral symptoms, (4) Utilize mapping, spatial analysis and modeling applications of geographic information systems (GIS) for household recruitment, analysis of distance decay effects, surface interpolation of Aims 1 and 2 results, and fate and transport modeling of fly ash. Three hundred and sixty children aged 6-14 will be recruited for this study. Neurobehavioral performance will be tested using the Behavioral Assessment Research System and neurobehavioral symptoms will be assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Any child who has a CBCL t score =7 will be further assessed through a Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnosis of DSM Disorders (SCID). Environmental sampling in the homes will be completed to determine the presence of fly ash and metals. Toenail samples will be collected from the children and analyzed for heavy metals. Questionnaires and an in-home assessment will help to characterize environmental exposure history and health history of the children. The results will provide evidence to define the environmental health impact of coal ash.

描述（由申请人提供）：煤灰是发电厂燃烧煤炭获取能源时产生的，煤灰不属于危险废物，因此没有联邦法规对其使用、储存或处置进行管理。美国有 800 多个煤灰储存点，其中许多位于居民区附近。煤灰含有多种成分，但粉煤灰由小球状组成。飞灰的主要成分各不相同，但通常含有有毒金属（例如砷、镉、铬、铜、铅、锰和汞）、多环芳烃 (PAH) 和放射性元素。儿童罹患此病与接触飞灰中的许多金属有关，因此，接触飞灰的儿童可能面临罹患此病的风险。儿童通过吸入和摄入垃圾填埋场和池塘排放的飞灰而接触飞灰。该项目将调查飞灰对居住在路易斯维尔两个煤灰储存场附近社区的儿童的影响。肯塔基州，一些孩子住在距煤灰填埋场和池塘 150 英尺以内的家中。我们将与距煤灰储存场 10 英里以内的社区合作，完成四个具体目标：(1) 描述特征。与居住在远离煤灰储存场的儿童相比，居住在煤灰储存场附近的儿童在家中接触飞灰和重金属的情况，（2）确定居住在煤灰储存场附近的儿童的重金属身体负担是否存在差异对于居住在远离储存地点的儿童，(3) 评估增加的飞灰暴露和更大的重金属身体负担是否与较差的神经行为表现和更多的神经行为症状相关，(4) 利用地理信息系统（GIS）在家庭招募中的测绘、空间分析和建模应用，距离衰减效应分析，目标 1 和 2 结果的表面插值，以及 360 名 6 岁以下儿童的命运和运输模型。本研究将招募 14 名儿童，使用行为评估研究系统测试神经行为表现，并使用儿童行为检查表 (CBCL) 评估任何 CBCL t 分数 = 7 的儿童。将通过 DSM 疾病诊断的结构化临床访谈 (SCID) 进行进一步评估将完成家庭环境采样，以确定是否存在飞灰和金属将从儿童身上收集脚趾甲样本并进行重金属分析。问卷调查和家庭评估将有助于描述儿童的环境暴露史和健康史，结果将为定义煤灰对环境健康的影响提供证据。