COOPERATIVE AGREEGMENT TO THE MEDI RESEARC COUNCIL (MRC) OF SOUTH AFRICA FOR TB

与南非医学研究委员会 (MRC) 签署的结核病合作协议

• 批准号: 8114189
• 负责人: ANTHONY DAVID MBEWU
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8114189
• 关键词: COOPERATIVE; AGREEGMENT; MEDI; RESEARC; COUNCIL

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world's biggest killers, despite the availability of effective drugs and disease control strategies. Although epidemiological trends seem to be stabilizing in most regions of the world, Africa remains the exception with 20% annual growth in TB cases reported, largely due to concurrent HIV epidemics. South Africa ranks 2nd in the world in terms of TB incidence (number of cases per capita) and 7th in terms of TB burden (total number of cases). More than 60% of TB patients in SA are co-infected with HIV. The TB epidemic is compounded by the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in all provinces. MDR-TB is difficult to treat and extremely expensive (up to 100 times the cost of drug-susceptible TB), and associated with HIV can result in uncontrollable epidemics with devastating economic and social consequences. Challenges posed by the goal of TB control are increasing in South Africa, largely as a result of the HIV co-epidemic and increases in TB drug resistance, now compounded by the emergence of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) in association with HIV. Gains made in HIV/AIDS care and treatment in South Africa stand to be lost through the threat of drug-resistant TB, requiring a concerted national effort to avoid the epidemic of drug-susceptible TB being replaced by an epidemic of virtually unbeatable TB. This activity highlights the MRC's comparative advantage in addressing the key challenges of HIV associated TB and drug-resistant TB in the South African context. The MRC is acknowledged worldwide for its expertise in MDR-TB management and laboratory capability and has recently emerged as a focal point for XDR-TB expertise and management capacity development. Seed funding is required to enable MRC to coordinate/facilitate a national response to XDR-TB in SA and in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) region, to assist SA provinces and SADC countries in strategic planning and policy formulation, and to facilitate rapid translation of operational and programmatically relevant research results into improved policies and practices. Dissemination of validated data on drug-resistant TB as well as standardized public health information is another key need. Aim and Objectives To assist National and Provincial Departments of Health in SA in developing an appropriate response to the challenges of M(X)DR-TB and HIV; To provide technical assistance and national coordination to accomplish the MDR-TB goals of the Stop-TB Global Plan; To assist with capacity strengthening of health services and laboratory infrastructure in Southern Africa in order to allow sound diagnosis and treatment of M(X)DR-TB patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管有有效的药物和疾病控制策略，但结核病（TB）仍然是世界上最大的杀手之一。尽管大多数地区的流行病学趋势似乎正在稳定 在世界范围内，非洲仍然是例外，在报告的结核病病例中，年增长率为20％，这主要是由于同时发生的HIV流行病。就结核病发病率（人均案件数）而言，南非在世界上排名第2，就结核负担（总数）而言，第七名。 SA中超过60％的结核病患者与HIV共感染。结核病流行是由于所有省份的多药TB（MDR-TB）的出现而更加复杂的。 MDR-TB很难治疗，并且非常昂贵（最多是可敏感的结核病成本的100倍），并且与HIV相关的可能会导致无法控制的流行病和经济和社会后果。 TB控制目标所带来的挑战在南非的增加，这主要是由于HIV共同流行性的，并且TB耐药性的增加，现在由于与HIV相关的广泛耐药TB（XDR-TB）的出现而变得更加复杂。南非在艾滋病毒/艾滋病护理和治疗中取得的收益将因抗药性结核病的威胁而丧失，这需要一致的国家努力，以避免被药物敏感的结核病流行，而被几乎无与伦比的结核病所取代。 这项活动凸显了MRC在解决南非背景下艾滋病毒相关结核病和耐药结核病的主要挑战时的比较优势。 MRC因其在MDR-TB管理和实验室能力方面的专业知识而受到认可，并最近成为XDR-TB专业知识和管理能力开发的焦点。 需要种子资金以使MRC能够协调/促进南部非洲开发界对XDR-TB的全国反应，以帮助SA省和非洲发展共同体国家制定战略计划和政策制定，并促进对改进的Pericies和overices的研究结果的快速转化。 另一个关键需要传播有关耐药结核病以及标准化公共卫生信息的经过验证的数据。 目标和目标 协助SA中的国家和省级卫生部门对M（X）DR-TB和HIV的挑战做出适当的回应； 提供技术援助和国家协调，以实现Stop-TB全球计划的MDR-TB目标； 协助加强卫生服务和实验室基础设施的能力 为了允许M（X）DR-TB患者的良好诊断和治疗。

项目成果

The association between alcohol use, alcohol use disorders and tuberculosis (TB). A systematic review.

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-450
• 发表时间: 2009-12-05
• 期刊: BMC public health
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Rehm J;Samokhvalov AV;Neuman MG;Room R;Parry C;Lönnroth K;Patra J;Poznyak V;Popova S
• 通讯作者: Popova S

Assessing the utility of Xpert(®) MTB/RIF as a screening tool for patients admitted to medical wards in South Africa.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep19391
• 发表时间: 2016-01-20
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Heidebrecht CL;Podewils LJ;Pym AS;Cohen T;Mthiyane T;Wilson D
• 通讯作者: Wilson D

Assessing Local Risk of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Using Lot Quality Assurance Sampling.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153143
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Heidebrecht CL;Podewils LJ;Pym A;Mthiyane T;Cohen T
• 通讯作者: Cohen T

Completeness and Reliability of the Republic of South Africa National Tuberculosis (TB) Surveillance System.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2117-3
• 发表时间: 2015-08-11
• 期刊: BMC public health
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Podewils LJ;Bantubani N;Bristow C;Bronner LE;Peters A;Pym A;Mametja LD
• 通讯作者: Mametja LD

Alcohol and infectious diseases: an overlooked causal linkage?

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02500.x
• 发表时间: 2009-03-01
• 期刊: ADDICTION
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Parry, Charles;Rehm, Juergen;Room, Robin
• 通讯作者: Room, Robin