Characterizing Hepatitis B Transmission in Congolese Children

刚果儿童乙型肝炎传播特征

• 批准号: 10055078
• 负责人: Peyton J Thompson
• 金额: $ 20.09万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-23 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10055078
• 关键词: 5 year old; Address; Adult; Advisory Committees; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Age; Archives; Area; Automobile Driving; Back; Biological; Birth; Blood; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child; Childhood; Chronic Hepatitis B; Cirrhosis; Clinical; Collaborations; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Competence; Country; Data; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Demographic and Health Surveys; Disease; Dose; Epidemic; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Face; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genetic; Geographic Locations; Geography; Goals; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Acquisition; Hepatitis B Prevalence; Hepatitis B Transmission; Hepatitis B Vaccines; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatology; High Prevalence; Horizontal Disease Transmission; Household; Immunity; Immunization; Immunization Schedule; Individual; Infection; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Liver; Logistics; Malignant neoplasm of liver; Maps; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; North Carolina; Pattern; Persons; Phylogenetic Analysis; Physicians; Population; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Route; Sampling; Scientist; Specimen; Spottings; Supervision; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Training; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vertical Disease Transmission; Virus Diseases; career; career development; data warehouse; design; epidemiologic data; experience; global health; improved; intervention program; member; mortality; multidisciplinary; neonatal infection; prevent; professor; programs; research and development; serological marker; skills; transmission process; vaccination strategy; vaccinology

ABSTRACT Dr. Peyton Thompson is an Assistant Professor of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the University of North Carolina (UNC) who is applying for a K08 Mentored Clinical Scientist Career Development Award. Dr. Thompson’s long-term career goal is to become an independent physician-scientist with expertise in vaccinology and the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases in low-resource settings. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is unacceptably high in sub-Saharan Africa given that there is an effective vaccine against HBV. In order to design improved vaccination strategies to protect vulnerable individuals against HBV, we must first address two important HBV-related knowledge gaps: 1) Geospatial drivers of HBV infection in African children, and 2) HBV household transmission patterns in African children. This proposal will address these knowledge gaps using epidemiological data and dried-blood spot samples from a large national survey in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This application will address the following specific aims: Aim 1) Locate hotspots of high HBV prevalence and low population-level immunity among Congolese children using existing DBS samples from a nationally representative survey; Aim 2) Identify patterns of HBV transmission at the household level using phylogenetic approaches; and Aim 3) Estimate the impact of targeted vaccination strategies in the DRC using modeling techniques. These aims align with Dr. Thompson’s career development goals: 1) Training in epidemiological and spatial analyses of large data repositories; 2) Training in vaccinology; and 3) Training in impact modeling. To achieve these goals, Dr. Thompson has assembled a highly qualified mentorship team comprised of: her primary mentor, Dr. Sylvia Becker-Dreps, a global health researcher with expertise in vaccine-preventable diseases; her co-mentor, Dr. Steven Meshnick, a skilled epidemiologist with vast experience in the DRC; an internal advisory committee consisting of experts in analysis of large data (Dr. Jonathan Parr), hepatology (Dr. Michael Fried), spatial analyses (Dr. Michael Emch) and vaccinology (Dr. David Weber). This multidisciplinary team of NIH-funded researchers has an impressive track record of training junior investigators toward independent research careers. Under their supervision, Dr. Thompson will achieve the research and career development aims in this proposal, and will be prepared to apply for an R01 to implement and evaluate spatially targeted vaccination strategies specific to the DRC.

抽象的 佩顿·汤普森 (Peyton Thompson) 博士是北方大学儿科传染病助理教授 卡罗莱纳州（北卡罗来纳大学）正在申请 K08 指导临床科学家职业发展奖。 汤普森的长期职业目标是成为一名独立的医师科学家，拥有以下方面的专业知识 疫苗学和资源匮乏地区疫苗可预防疾病的流行病学。 鉴于撒哈拉以南非洲地区乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 的流行率高得令人无法接受 设计改进的疫苗接种策略来保护弱势群体。 为了对抗乙型肝炎病毒，我们必须首先解决两个重要的乙肝病毒相关知识差距：1）地理空间 非洲儿童 HBV 感染的驱动因素，2) 非洲儿童 HBV 家庭传播模式。 该提案将利用流行病学数据和干血斑样本来解决这些知识差距 来自刚果民主共和国 (DRC) 的一项大型全国调查。 该应用程序将实现以下具体目标： 目标 1) 找到 HBV 高流行率的热点并 使用来自国家的现有 DBS 样本发现刚果儿童的人群免疫力较低 代表性调查；目标 2) 利用系统发育确定家庭层面的 HBV 传播模式 方法；目标 3) 使用模型估计刚果民主共和国定向疫苗接种策略的影响 这些目标与 Thompson 博士的职业发展目标一致：1) 流行病学培训 和大数据存储库的空间分析；2) 疫苗学培训；以及 3) 影响建模培训。 为了实现这些目标，汤普森博士组建了一支高素质的指导团队，其中包括： 首席导师 Sylvia Becker-Dreps 博士是一位全球健康研究员，在疫苗可预防方面拥有专业知识 她的合作导师史蒂文·梅什尼克 (Steven Meshnick) 博士是一位在刚果民主共和国拥有丰富经验的流行病学家； 内部咨询委员会由大数据分析专家（乔纳森·帕尔博士）、肝病学专家（乔纳森·帕尔博士）组成。 Michael Fried）、空间分析（Michael Emch 博士）和疫苗学（David Weber 博士）。 由 NIH 资助的研究人员组成的团队在培训初级研究人员方面拥有令人印象深刻的记录 在他们的监督下，汤普森博士将取得独立的研究事业。 本提案中的发展目标，并将准备申请R01来实施和评估 刚果民主共和国特有的空间针对性疫苗接种策略。