Drug Abuse, Incarceration & Health Disparities in HIV/AIDS: A Longitudinal Study

药物滥用、监禁

• 批准号: 8038403
• 负责人: LINDA A TEPLIN
• 金额: $ 137.71万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8038403
• 关键词: 18 year old; AIDS/HIV problem; Academic achievement; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Admission activity; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adult; Affect; African; African American; Age; Aging; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Antibodies; Anus; Area; Authorization documentation; Back; Behavior; Biological Assay; Cervical dysplasia; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chicago; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Chlamydia; Chlamydia trachomatis; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Communities; Complex; Contracts; County; Crime; Data; Decision Making; Dependence; Development; Drug Use Disorder; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Electronics; Employment; Enrollment; Enzyme Immunoassay; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Event; FDA approved; Female; Freedom; Frequencies; Funding; General Population; Genital system; Goals; Gonorrhea; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Health; Health Policy; Health Services; Healthy People 2010; Herpes Simplex Infections; Heterosexuals; Hispanics; Housing; Human Papillomavirus; Illicit Drugs; Illinois; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Infant; Infection; Injecting drug user; Injection of therapeutic agent; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Institutes; Intervention; Interview; Jail; Judgment; Justice; Kinetics; Lead; Length; Length of Stay; Life; Life Style; Liquid substance; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Monitor; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Needle Sharing; Needles; Neighborhoods; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Not Hispanic or Latino; Onset of illness; Oral; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Population; Prevalence; Prisons; Process; Public Health; Publishing; Race; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Records; Recurrence; Reporting; Request for Applications; Research; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Route; Saliva; Sampling; Screening procedure; Services; Sex Behavior; Sex Characteristics; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social Network; Social support; Solutions; Source; Specimen; Staging; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Surgeon; Surveys; Syphilis; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Trichomonas Infections; Ulcer; Underrepresented Minority; United States National Institutes of Health; Unsafe Sex; Urine; Vagina; Viral hepatitis; Woman; Work; Youth; age difference; age group; aged; alcohol and other drug; alcohol use disorder; cooking; cost effective; deviant; emerging adulthood; experience; follow-up; health disparity; health record; high risk; high risk behavior; high risk sexual behavior; high school; innovation; interest; intravenous drug use; juvenile justice system; male; men who have sex with men; middle school; national surveillance; offender; parole; probation; prospective; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; racial/ethnic difference; service utilization; sex; sex risk; statistics; surveillance data; surveillance study; transcription mediated amplification; transmission process; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this project is to address how disproportionate confinement of racial/ethnic minorities-especially African Americans-affects health disparities in the HIV/AIDS epidemic. African Americans comprise only 13% of the general population, but about 40% of incarcerated youth and adults and 50% of new cases of HIV/AIDS. Yet, large multisite national longitudinal studies of HIV/AIDS focus on high- risk samples such as men who have sex with men (MACS), women infected with HIV and other "at-risk" females (WIHS), and infected women and their infants (WITS). These studies do not include adolescents, do not sample correctional populations, and do not examine the effect of incarceration on HIV/AIDS. Most studies of incarcerated populations are cross-sectional and provide limited information on the effects of incarceration. To continue to address this key omission in the literature, we propose to extend the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a longitudinal study of 1829 juvenile justice youth, enrolled at age 10-18 years (1172 males, 657 females; 1005 African Americans, 296 non-Hispanic whites, 524 Hispanics, and 4 "other" race/ethnicity). Currently, the HIV/AIDS component of the project (RO1 DA022953) includes only a subsample (n=743) and 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-year follow-up interviews. We now propose to (1) study the entire sample (originally 1829, now 1678); (2) conduct 3 additional annual interviews (14-, 15-, and 16-year follow-ups), at which time participants will be aged 26-34 years; (3) collect official records to cross-validate self-reported data (on STI status, arrests, incarceration history, and services received); (4) test the entire sample for HIV infection, chlamydia, and gonorrhea; and (5) administer a new module on incarceration, release, and re-entry. Participants are re-interviewed whether they are re-incarcerated or back in the community. Using data collected in prior phases and the additional interviews, we will examine patterns of drug use, drug use disorder, HIV/AIDS risk and infection from adolescence (ages 10-17 years) to emerging adulthood (ages 18-24 years) and young adulthood (age 25 and older). Our Specific Aims focus on how incarceration, release, and re-entry (e.g., age[s] incarcerated, number of incarcerations, length of incarcerations, amount of time spent in the community between incarcerations) affect the following: (1) drug use behaviors (including the number and types of substances used, frequency of use, and route of administration) and drug use disorders (onset, persistence, desistance, and recurrence); (2) HIV/AIDS sex risk behaviors (including unprotected anal or vaginal receptive sex and trading sex for drugs) and injection-risk behaviors; (3) prevalence and incidence of HIV infection and other STIs; (4) the relationship between patterns of drug use and disorder and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors, especially how risk and protective factors predict, moderate, and mediate these relationships. This study responds to the initiatives of NIDA, NIAAA, and other NIH institutes to reduce health disparities in HIV/AIDS in minority populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的总体目标是解决种族/族裔少数民族的不成比例限制，尤其是非裔美国人对HIV/AIDS流行病的健康差异。非裔美国人仅占普通人群的13％，但约有40％被监禁的青年和成人和新的艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例中的50％。然而，大型多场地对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的全国性纵向研究集中在高风险样本上，例如与男性发生性关系的男性，感染了艾滋病毒和其他“高危”女性（WIHS）以及感染的妇女及其婴儿（智慧）。这些研究不包括青少年，不采样惩教种群，也不检查监禁对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响。大多数被监禁人群的研究都是横断面的，并提供有关监禁影响的有限信息。 为了继续解决文献中的这一关键遗漏，我们建议扩展西北少年项目，这是一项对1829年少年司法青年的纵向研究，年龄为10-18岁（1172名男性，657名女性； 1005名非裔美国人，296名非西班牙白人，296个非西班牙白人，524 Hispanic and Panistanics and 4'Entical/nistical/nistical/nistical/nistical/nistical/nistical/nistical/“”“ sare/”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“””目前，该项目的艾滋病毒/艾滋病组成部分（RO1 DA022953）仅包括子样本（n = 743）和10 - ，11-，12年和13年的随访访谈。现在，我们建议（1）研究整个样本（最初是1829年，现年1678年）； （2）进行3次额外的年度访谈（14年，15年和16年的随访），此时参与者将年龄26-34岁； （3）收集正式记录以交叉估算自我报告的数据（有关STI身份，逮捕，监禁历史和收到的服务）； （4）测试整个样本是否有艾滋病毒感染，衣原体和淋病； （5）对监禁，释放和重新进入的新模块进行管理。参与者是重新审视的，无论是重新审查还是在社区中重新审查。使用先前阶段和其他访谈中收集的数据，我们将研究吸毒障碍，艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险和感染的模式，从青春期（10-17岁）到新兴成年（18-24岁）和成年（25岁及以上）。 Our Specific Aims focus on how incarceration, release, and re-entry (e.g., age[s] incarcerated, number of incarcerations, length of incarcerations, amount of time spent in the community between incarcerations) affect the following: (1) drug use behaviors (including the number and types of substances used, frequency of use, and route of administration) and drug use disorders (onset, persistence, desistance, and recurrence); （2）艾滋病毒/艾滋病性风险行为（包括未受保护的肛门或阴道接受性行为以及对药物的交易性行为）和注射危行为； （3）HIV感染和其他性传播感染的患病率和发病率； （4）药物使用与混乱模式与艾滋病毒/艾滋病行为之间的关系，尤其是风险和保护因素如何预测，中度和调解这些关系。 这项研究对NIDA，NIAAA和其他NIH研究所的倡议做出了回应，以减少少数族裔艾滋病毒/艾滋病的健康差异。