Remediation of Perfluorinated Chemicals in Water Using Novel High-Affinity Polymer Adsorbents

使用新型高亲和力聚合物吸附剂修复水中的全氟化学品

基本信息

批准号：
10005431
负责人：
Edon Vitaku
金额：
$ 57.47万
依托单位：
CYCLOPURE, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10005431
关键词：
Address Adsorption Affect Affinity Age Alpha Particles American Ammonium Anions Benchmarking Carbon Carbon ion Cations Characteristics Charge Chemicals Chemistry Choline Chloride Communities Costs and Benefits Crosslinker Cyclodextrins Cytoplasmic Granules Development Electrostatics Engineering Environment Excision Formulation Guidelines Health Hydrophobic Interactions Individual Investigation Ion Exchange Ion Exchange Resins Kinetics Measures Methods Natural regeneration Particle Size Performance Phase Plant Resins Polymers Preparation Procedures Process Property Reaction Recovery Resources Risk Salts Sampling Serum Side Small Business Innovation Research Grant Sodium Chloride Structure Technology Testing Time Toluene United States United States Environmental Protection Agency Vertebral column Water Water Supply analog base beta-Cyclodextrins carbene contaminated drinking water contaminated water cost cost effective crosslink design diphenyl drinking water experimental study ground water improved monomer novel perfluorooctane sulfonate perfluorooctanoic acid polymerization pressure remediation research and development scale up uptake

项目摘要

Abstract The pervasive contamination of drinking water resources by toxic per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), has emerged as a major health crisis affecting millions of people across the U.S. Given the environmental persistence of these contaminants and their established linkage to serious health risks, it is imperative that safe, efficient, and cost- effective PFAS remediation technologies be developed that can eliminate these contaminants from the U.S. water supplies. While PFOA and PFOS have been the two of the most widely studied PFASs, twelve other PFASs have also been measured in the blood serum of Americans over the age of twelve. Currently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has a non-enforceable Lifetime Health Advisory guideline of 70 parts per trillion (ppt), which applies only to the combination of PFOA and PFOS. However, faced with growing pressure to address PFAS contamination, numerous States have acted to address the PFAS crisis, proposing limits as low as 10 ppt of individual PFASs and for a broader class of PFASs. Although different technologies have been explored for remediation of PFAS-contaminated water, adsorption-based methods using activated carbon or ion- exchange resins remain the most widely used approach. These adsorbents also have well-demonstrated shortcomings such as significant fouling by natural organic matter and/or other water matrix constituents and energy-intensive or difficult regeneration process that limits their reusability and lifetime. CycloPure is developing a novel class of cyclodextrin-based polymer adsorbents with high affinity for PFASs in order to address the urgent need for a highly-scalable, cost-effective method to eliminate PFASs from drinking water supplies. During the Phase I period, a promising approach was identified for the development of cyclodextrin polymers (branded as DEXSORB+) effective against a broad range of PFASs, that combines both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions in a uniquely designed structure. In this Phase II application, we will continue our efforts to develop and optimize DEXSORB+ polymers with fast uptake kinetics and high adsorption capacities for PFASs and investigate and understand groundwater matrix effects systematically on PFAS adsorption performance and the ability to regenerate the adsorbent. We will also dedicate efforts to develop strategies for particle size control and then perform small-scale column testing in order to simulate a full-scale treatment process. These activities will provide us guidance on the operational conditions prior to moving onto pilot-scale studies.

抽象的有毒的全氟和多氟烷基物质对饮用水资源的普遍污染全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）等PFAS（PFAS）已成为主要的鉴于这些环境问题的持续存在，健康危机影响了美国数百万人污染物及其与严重健康风险的既定联系，必须采取安全、高效和成本低廉的方法开发有效的 PFAS 修复技术，消除美国境内的这些污染物供水。虽然 PFOA 和 PFOS 是研究最广泛的两种 PFAS，但其他 12 种十二岁以上美国人的血清中也检测到了 PFAS。目前，美国环境保护局制定了不可强制执行的终身健康咨询指南：万亿分之七十 (ppt)，仅适用于 PFOA 和 PFOS 的组合。然而，面对越来越大的压力为了解决 PFAS 污染问题，许多国家已采取行动解决 PFAS 危机，提出了最低限度的限制作为 10 ppt 的单个 PFAS 和更广泛的 PFAS 类别。虽然不同的技术已经探索了使用活性炭或离子吸附的基于吸附的方法修复 PFAS 污染的水交换树脂仍然是使用最广泛的方法。这些吸附剂还具有良好的性能缺点，例如天然有机物和/或其他水基质成分造成的严重污垢，以及能源密集型或困难的再生过程限制了其可重复使用性和使用寿命。 CycloPure 正在开发一类新型的基于环糊精的聚合物吸附剂，对 PFAS 具有高亲和力，以解决迫切需要一种高度可扩展、具有成本效益的方法来消除饮用水供应中的 PFAS。期间在第一阶段，确定了一种有前途的方法来开发环糊精聚合物（品牌为 DEXSORB+）可有效对抗多种 PFAS，结合了静电和疏水性独特设计的结构中的相互作用。在本次二期应用中，我们将继续努力开发并优化 DEXSORB+ 聚合物，使其具有快速吸收动力学和高吸附能力，可用于 PFAS 和系统地研究和了解地下水基质对 PFAS 吸附性能的影响以及吸附剂的再生能力。我们还将致力于制定粒度控制策略然后进行小规模的柱测试以模拟全规模的处理过程。这些活动在进行试点研究之前，将为我们提供有关操作条件的指导。