Correlates of perceived size in V1 neurons

V1 神经元感知大小的相关性

• 批准号: 8043295
• 负责人: Gregory D Horwitz
• 金额: $ 26.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8043295
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Animal Model; Back; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Injuries; Complex; Cues; Data; Distant; Environment; Experimental Designs; Eye; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Human; Illusions; Image; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Light; Macaca; Measurement; Measures; Monkeys; Neurons; Perception; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Psychophysiology; Research Proposals; Retina; Retinal; Rewards; Role; Signal Transduction; Size Perception; Staging; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; V1 neuron; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; area striata; base; experience; feeding; human subject; neurophysiology; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; retinotopic

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to use behavioral and single-unit recording techniques to understand the role of three-dimensional (3D) context in the neural processing of object size. Estimating the size of an object highlights a fundamental computational problem in vision: the inherent ambiguity in the retinal image. For any given retinal image there are an infinite number of combinations of object sizes and viewing distances that could give rise to that image. A fundamental challenge is to understand how distance information - which is not explicitly represented in the retinal image - is combined with retinal size information to achieve an accurate and stable representation of object size. The overarching framework of this proposal is that distance information is combined with retinal size information in early stages of the visual system. Convergent evidence from behavioral, fMRI, and ERP experiments in humans have shown that object size is represented in the primary visual cortex. These results are inconsistent with the primary visual cortex passively reflecting the stimulus on the retina, but rather suggest that high-level signals related to 3D scene interpretation may be fed back to primary visual cortex to adjust the amount of tissue allocated to represent visual objects. To extend these findings, our proposed experiments pursue these results in an animal model using psychophysical measurements and single-neuron electrophysiological recordings. Two specific aims are proposed: 1) single-unit recording to investigate the changes in receptive field structure of individual visual cortical neurons as a function of 3D context and 2) psychophysical measurements of size illusions in the same animal model used in specific aim 1. Together these specific aims will shed light on the processes that underlie size perception, which are critical for interacting with a 3D world, and will provide a bridge between vision studies in human and non-human subjects. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The relevance of this project is that we will gain further understanding into how the brain constructs visual perceptions of the environment. This process is a complex interaction between the light signal that arrives at the eye and our built- in, implicit knowledge about the structure of the environment. This understanding is essential for identifying how the visual system develops and for finding potential treatments for visual impairments in response to brain injury or disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目的是使用行为和单单元记录技术来了解三维（3D）上下文在对象大小的神经处理中的作用。估计对象的大小突出显示视觉中的基本计算问题：视网膜图像中的固有歧义。对于任何给定的视网膜图像，都有无限数量的物体大小组合和观看距离的距离，可能会引起该图像。一个基本的挑战是了解距离信息如何与视网膜图像中未明确表示的距离信息与视网膜尺寸信息结合在一起，以实现对象大小的准确稳定表示。该提案的总体框架是，在视觉系统的早期阶段，距离信息与视网膜尺寸信息结合在一起。 人类行为，fMRI和ERP实验的收敛证据表明，对象大小在主要视觉皮层中表示。这些结果与主要反映视网膜上的刺激的主要视觉皮层不一致，但表明与3D场景解释有关的高级信号可以反馈到主要的视觉皮层以调整以表示视觉对象分配的组织量。为了扩展这些发现，我们提出的实验使用心理物理测量和单神经元电生理记录在动物模型中追求这些结果。提出了两个具体目的：1）单单记录，以调查单个视觉皮质神经元的接受田间结构的变化，这是3D背景的函数和2）在特定目标中使用的同一动物模型中大小幻觉的心理物理测量值1。这些特定目的共同阐明了与人类相互作用的互动和3D互动的过程，并在3D中互动的过程，并阐明3D的互动，并将主题。 公共卫生相关性：该项目的相关性是，我们将进一步了解大脑如何构建对环境的视觉看法。这个过程是到达眼睛的光信号与我们内置的有关环境结构的隐性知识之间的复杂相互作用。这种理解对于确定视觉系统的发展方式和寻找对脑损伤或疾病的视觉障碍的潜在治疗至关重要。