Intake Promoting Effects of Large Portions in Children

大量摄入对儿童的促进作用

• 批准号: 7455160
• 负责人: JENNIFER ORLET FISHER
• 金额: $ 26.2万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7455160
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Appendix; Appetitive Behavior; Basic Science; Behavioral; Bite; Characteristics; Child; Consumption; Controlled Study; Cues; Data; Diet; Eating; Energy Intake; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Feeding behaviors; Food; Food Energy; Frequencies; Gender; Goals; Health; Healthy People 2010; Home environment; Individual; Intake; Intervention; Investigation; Longitudinal Studies; Nature; Obesity; Overweight; Parents; Perception; Preventive; Public Health; Rate; Research; Research Design; Role; Series; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Weight; base; design; energy balance; energy density; fruits and vegetables; interest; middle childhood; preference; research study; response; size; sweetened beverage; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Healthy People 2010 target for overweight among 6-11 year old children is five percent (Objective 19-3a). This leading health indicator, however, is moving at increasing distance from public health goals with 15 percent of US children currently overweight. The emerging epidemic of overweight among children underscores the need to identify contributing environmental factors. Marketplace trends for excessive and growing portion sizes in and outside the home have reinforced concerns that large portions may directly contribute to this problem by promoting excessive intake. Empirical investigation of portion size effects on children's eating, however, has been extremely limited. Two similarly designed studies provided initial evidence that serving large portions of an entree stimulated consumption at meals. However, the scope and nature of portion size influences on eating remain unclear; whether effects on intake generalize across foods, energy density and preference is unknown as is the mean(s) by which large portions cause excessive intake. Of particular public health interest is whether serving large portions may affect children's intake of sweetened beverages, fruits and vegetables, and energy dense foods. The proposed research involves a series of four experiments designed to address five broad aims. The first three experiments will evaluate scope of portion size effects by evaluating: (1) the effect of portion size on children's consumption of sweetened beverages; (2) the effect of portion size on children's intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) and whether such effects are moderated by children's FV preferences and; (3) whether the energy density of foods acts additively with portion size to affect children's energy consumption. A fourth experiment will begin to identify mechanisms by which large portions may promote excessive intake by investigating: (1) the effect of portion size on eating duration and rate as well as bite size and frequency and (2) the effects of plate size on children's response to large portions. The proposed investigation directly addresses the objectives of NIH PA-04-033, Diet Composition and Energy Balance, by initiating a series of short-term studies to systematically evaluate the effects of portion size on caloric intake in young children. This research will produce new data to clarify the public health significance of this potentially obesigenic influence. The results of this basic behavioral investigation may be used to inform the design of long-term studies on the effects of portion size on children's energy consumption and weight. Further, these basic research findings may also be used to develop interventions aimed at modifying potentially obesigenic aspects of young children's environments. Finally, findings will provide a scientific basis for anticipatory guidance to parents of young children regarding appropriate portion size.

描述（由申请人提供）：2010 年《健康人》中 6-11 岁儿童超重的目标是 5%（目标 19-3a）。然而，这一领先的健康指标与公共卫生目标的距离越来越远，目前 15% 的美国儿童超重。儿童超重现象的出现凸显了确定环境因素的必要性。家庭内外份量过多和不断增加的市场趋势加剧了人们的担忧，即大量份量可能会促进过量摄入，从而直接导致这一问题。然而，关于份量大小对儿童饮食影响的实证研究极其有限。两项类似设计的研究提供了初步证据，证明主菜的大部分会刺激正餐的消费。然而，份量大小对饮食影响的范围和性质仍不清楚。对于摄入量的影响是否普遍存在于食物、能量密度和偏好中，以及大份量导致过量摄入的平均值尚不清楚。公共健康特别关心的是，大量食用是否会影响儿童对甜饮料、水果和蔬菜以及能量密集型食品的摄入。拟议的研究涉及一系列旨在实现五个广泛目标的四个实验。前三个实验将通过评估以下内容来评估份量影响的范围：（1）份量对儿童消费含糖饮料的影响； (2) 份量大小对儿童水果和蔬菜摄入量（FV）的影响，以及这种影响是否受到儿童 FV 偏好的调节； (3)食物的能量密度是否与份量的大小相加地影响儿童的能量消耗。第四个实验将开始通过调查确定大份量可能促进过量摄入的机制：（1）份量大小对进食持续时间和速率以及一口大小和频率的影响；（2）盘子大小对儿童的影响对大部分的反应。拟议的调查直接解决了 NIH PA-04-033“饮食成分和能量平衡”的目标，通过启动一系列短期研究来系统地评估食物份量对幼儿热量摄入的影响。这项研究将产生新的数据来阐明这种潜在的肥胖影响的公共卫生意义。这项基本行为调查的结果可用于指导有关份量大小对儿童能量消耗和体重影响的长期研究的设计。此外，这些基础研究结果还可用于制定干预措施，旨在改变幼儿环境中潜在的肥胖因素。最后，研究结果将为幼儿父母有关适当份量的预期指导提供科学依据。