Evaluation of the Philadelphia Smart Street Lighting Initiative

费城智能街道照明计划的评估

• 批准号: 10811210
• 负责人: Aaron James Chalfin
• 金额: $ 68.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-20 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10811210
• 关键词: Authorization documentation; Black race; Cities; Communities; Controlled Study; Crime; Criminology; Disadvantaged; Disadvantaged minority; Disparate; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Epidemic; Equity; Evaluation; Experimental Designs; Feeling; Firearms; Guns; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investments; Justice; Knowledge; Light; Lighting; Location; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Modeling; Municipalities; Neighborhoods; New York City; Outcome; Phase; Philadelphia; Policy Maker; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Public Housing; Quasi-experiment; Research; Resources; Risk; Safety; Social Change; Spottings; Testing; Time; Violence; Work; assault; authority; built environment; cost; cost effectiveness; economic disparity; energy efficiency; experimental study; gun violence; implementation evaluation; improved; innovation; light effects; member; neighborhood disadvantage; response; robbery; theories; weapons

Project Summary A controlled trial evaluation of the Philly Streetlight Improvement Project Firearm violence, especially within urban neighborhoods of concentrated disadvantage, is a persistent public health problem in the US. There is a growing body of experimental evidence that place-based interventions that improve the built environment can help curb gun violence. Experimental and quasi-experimental evaluations show that street lighting, a common municipal investment, is effective at reducing violence8-10 Yet, the effectiveness of a permanent citywide improvement in street lighting has never been scientifically tested. Understanding whether improvements in street lighting can have an impact on gun violence at scale is of critical value to policymakers who must decide how to allocate scarce resources among many different crime control strategies. Building on our prior experimental and quasi-experimental studies, we propose to conduct the first citywide quasi-experimental study of the installation of energy-efficient “smart” street lighting and its potential impact on shootings, gun assault, robberies with firearms, and weapons offenses. This will be the first multi-year study of the benefits upgrading street lighting on gun violence across multiple neighborhoods and can inform other cities that are looking for place-based investments that can help curb the epidemic levels of gun violence impacting neighborhoods of concentrated disadvantage in US cities. In the first phase of the project we will study changes in gun violence outcomes in the 12 months before and after the installation of new street lights on 300 blocks compared to 900 blocks that have yet to have lights installed and have comparable pre-existing monthly levels of gun violence. In the second phase of the project we will estimate the citywide impact by estimating a difference-in-differences regression for approximately 40,000 blocks in the city that have new street lights installed between years 2023-2025. Key covariates will also be accounted in the difference-in-differences regression models as well as adjustments for multiple testing. Critically, our research will also involve qualitative assessments of the implementation of street lights and a partnership with the Urban Affairs Coalition to assess whether street lighting upgrades help to facilitate equity and feelings of safety to economically disadvantaged neighborhoods.

项目概要 费城路灯改善项目的对照试验评估 枪支暴力，特别是在弱势群体集中的城市社区， 是美国一个持续存在的公共卫生问题，越来越多的实验机构对此进行了研究。 有证据表明改善建筑环境的基于地点的干预措施有助于遏制枪支 实验和准实验评估表明，街道照明是一种常见的行为。 市政投资可有效减少暴力8-10 然而，永久性投资的有效性 全市范围内街道照明的改善从未经过科学检验。 街道照明的改善是否会对大规模枪支暴力产生影响 对于决策者来说至关重要，决策者必须决定如何在许多人之间分配稀缺资源 不同的犯罪控制策略建立在我们之前的实验和准实验的基础上。 研究中，我们建议开展首次全市范围内安装的准实验研究 节能“智能”街道照明及其对枪击、枪支袭击、 这将是第一个针对枪支抢劫和武器犯罪的多年研究。 升级多个社区的街道照明以应对枪支暴力，并可以提供信息 其他正在寻找有助于遏制疫情水平的地方投资的城市 枪支暴力对美国城市中弱势社区的影响。 在该项目的第一阶段，我们将研究 12 年枪支暴力结果的变化 300 个街区安装新路灯前后的几个月对比 900 个街区 尚未安装照明且每月已有可比水平的街区 在该项目的第二阶段，我们将通过以下方式估计全市范围的影响。 估计该市大约 40,000 个街区的双重差分回归 2023 年至 2025 年期间安装新路灯的关键协变量也将是。 考虑了双重差分回归模型以及多重调整 至关重要的是，我们的研究还将涉及对实施情况的定性评估。 路灯并与城市事务联盟合作评估路灯是否 升级有助于促进经济弱势群体的公平和安全感 邻里。