Promoting Mammography in African American Women Visiting the Emergency Department

在急诊科就诊的非裔美国妇女中推广乳房X光检查

基本信息

批准号：
7867974
负责人：
Jennifer Hatcher
金额：
$ 13.62万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-06-12 至 2013-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7867974
关键词：
Accident and Emergency department Address African African American American Breast Cancer Early Detection Cancer Control Cancer Etiology Cancer Intervention Caring Cessation of life Communication Development Discipline of Nursing Educational Materials Evaluation Foundations Goals Guidelines Health Insurance Healthcare Intervention Knowledge Low income Mammography Medical Mentored Research Scientist Development Award Mentors Methodology Methods Modeling Movement Phase Pilot Projects Public Health Qualitative Research Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials Randomized Controlled Trials Readability Research Research Methodology Research Personnel Research Project Grants Sampling Schedule Scientist Screening procedure Second Primary Cancers Services Source Staging Structure Testing Training Visit Vulnerable Populations Woman Work aged cancer prevention design experience health belief health disparity malignant breast neoplasm meetings peer research study skills theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Breast cancer is a pressing public health concern. It is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among African American women. Screening mammography is the single most effective method of early detection of breast cancer; however, African American women are screened at suboptimal rates, with only 53% of African American women aged 40 and older having had a mammogram within the past year. Low income women, women without health insurance, and those without a usual source of health care have even lower screening rates of 44%, 34%, and 28% respectively. Many of these women use the Emergency Department as the only source of medical care. Through a training plan of mentoring by a team of interdisciplinary cancer control and nursing scientists, formal class work, and seminars, this K01 Award will provide the applicant with the opportunity to develop and conduct a study that pilot tests a culturally tailored, stage matched intervention delivered by peer educators to increase mammography use among African American women visiting the Emergency Department. The specific aims of the study are: (1) to examine the barriers and benefits that influence the use of screening mammography among African American women and develop a peer educator delivered intervention and tailored educational materials; (2) to develop and evaluate culturally tailored, stage appropriate mammography educational materials for African American women to determine cultural acceptability, readability, and applicability for women visiting the Emergency Department; and (3) to compare, in a randomized controlled trial with a sample of African American women, the effect of two different interventions (a culturally tailored, stage-matched peer educator breast cancer intervention versus tailored educational materials only) on receipt of a screening mammogram and knowledge of and intent to follow screening guidelines. The proposed study's conceptual framework integrates concepts from both the Health Belief Model and the Transtheoretical Model. These specific aims correspond to three phases: a qualitative phase, a developmental phase, and an intervention phase. The combination of this progressive research project and the structured training plan will prepare the applicant to meet the long-term goal of becoming an independent investigator, by allowing her to develop skills in mixed methodology, refine skills in advanced quantitative research methods, incorporate communication in cancer control theory and principles, and demonstrate the ability to integrate knowledge and experience related to health disparities and cancer control into the design and implementation of a randomized controlled clinical trial. In addition, the results from the proposed project will form the foundation for further research to promote the use of screening mammography among this vulnerable group of women.

描述（由申请人提供）：乳腺癌是一个紧迫的公共健康问题。它是非裔美国妇女中最常见的癌症，也是癌症死亡的第二大原因。筛查乳房X线摄影是乳腺癌早期检测的最有效方法。但是，非洲裔美国妇女以次优率进行筛查，在过去一年中，只有53％的40岁及40岁以上的非裔美国妇女患有乳房X线照片。低收入的妇女，没有健康保险的妇女以及没有医疗保健来源的妇女的筛查率分别为44％，34％和28％。这些妇女中有许多将急诊室用作唯一的医疗来源。通过跨学科癌症控制和护理科学家，正式课堂工作和研讨会的团队指导的培训计划，该K01奖将为申请人提供开发和进行研究的机会，该研究试图测试一项文化量身定制的，阶段的，阶段匹配的干预措施，由PEER教育者提供，以增加访问紧急情况的非裔美国妇女在访问紧急事务部的非裔美国妇女中使用。该研究的具体目的是：（1）检查影响非裔美国人妇女筛查乳房X线摄影的使用的障碍和利益，并开发同伴教育者提供干预和量身定制的教育材料；（2）开发和评估针对非裔美国妇女的文化量身定制的适当乳房X线摄影教育材料，以确定访问急诊室的妇女的文化可接受性，可读性和适用性；（3）在一项随机对照试验与非洲裔美国妇女样本中进行比较，两种不同的干预措施（一种具有文化量身定制的，阶段匹配的同伴教育者乳腺癌干预与仅定制教育材料的效果）在收到筛查的乳房X线照片和意图并意图遵循筛查指南的知识中。拟议的研究的概念框架整合了健康信念模型和跨理论模型的概念。这些特定目标对应于三个阶段：定性阶段，一个发展阶段和干预阶段。这个渐进研究项目和结构化培训计划的结合将使申请人为成为独立研究者的长期目标做好准备，通过允许她发展混合方法学的技能，优化高级定量研究方法中的技能，将癌症控制理论和原理的交流纳入到癌症控制理论和原理中，并证明与健康偏见和癌症控制相关的知识和经验的能力。此外，拟议项目的结果将构成进一步研究的基础，以促进这一脆弱妇女群体中筛查乳房X线摄影的使用。