Changing Lanes, Changing Times ? the Risks Facing Female Drivers Today

改变车道、改变时间？

基本信息

批准号：
7844154
负责人：
EDUARDO O ROMANO
金额：
$ 0.68万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-06-01 至 2009-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7844154
关键词：
Acculturation Address Affect Age Asians Attention Attitude Australia Automobile Driving Behavior Censuses Child Code Country Data Data Set Drunk driving Ethnic group Europe Evolution Face Failure Female Finland Future Goals Hand Information Systems Injury Insurance International Internet Knowledge Latino Laws Lead Measures Mediating Methods Michigan Modeling New Zealand Ohio Pacific Island Americans Policies Prevention Probability Race Relative (related person)Reporting Research Risk Risk Estimate Risk-Taking Role Safety Signal Transduction Societies Speed Subgroup Surveys System Time United Kingdom United States Vehicle crash Vulnerable Populations Woman Women&apos s Group Young driver age group base design drinking driving behavior inattention injured insight killings male men middle age news older women public health relevance racial and ethnic skills socioeconomics trafficking trend

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although men have long held the lead in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), recent international research indicates that women, particularly young female drivers, are closing the gap. The relative increase in females involved in crashes has been associated with an increase in crash exposure, together with other mediating factors such as problems in vehicle handling, mastering traffic situations, and changes in attitudes toward risk. The goal of this proposed study is to perform a secondary analysis of large, national datasets to identify the age/race/ethnic groups of females increasingly vulnerable to the risk of being involved in MVCs (under different driving conditions and behaviors). Based on a limited version of the Hierarchical Levels of Driving Behavior's model, this proposed study will take advantage of the rich crash-related information provided by the 1990-2004 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), Crashworthiness Data System (CDS), and General Estimates System (GES) to identify the groups of females at risk. After including relevant geographical, US Census-based information to these files via zip code identifiers, a General Latent Variable Model (GLVM) will be applied. Finally, with the information at hand, we will apply a decomposition method to estimate the probability of crash injuries at each of the three hierarchical levels in our conceptual model: "vehicle maneuvering" (i.e., inadequate basic driving skills), "mastering traffic situations" (e.g., failure to obey a traffic law); and "goals and context of driving" (e.g., drink and drive). This understanding will be a crucial contribution to the design of future research aimed at realizing the reasons why some age and race/ethnic groups and subgroups of female drivers are at an increasing risk of MVC injuries. Public Health Relevance Statement -- This study will evaluate the risk of motor vehicle crash (MVC) for women of different age and race/ethnic groups. By identifying those groups of women at an increasing risk, this study will contribute to the design of efficient prevention policies tailored specifically to this most at-risk group.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管男性长期以来一直在汽车撞车事故（MVC）领先，但最近的国际研究表明，女性，尤其是年轻的女司机，正在缩小差距。撞车涉及的女性的相对增加与撞车事故暴露的增加有关，以及其他中介因素，例如车辆处理问题，交通交通状况以及对风险的态度的变化。这项拟议的研究的目的是对大型国家数据集进行二次分析，以确定越来越容易受到参与MVC（在不同的驾驶条件和行为）风险的女性年龄/种族/种族群体。基于驾驶行为模型的层次结构级别的有限版本，这项拟议的研究将利用1990 - 2004年死亡分析报告系统（FARS），崩溃性数据系统（CDS）和一般估计系统（GES）提供的丰富与崩溃相关的信息，以确定处于危险中的女性群体。在包含相关地理位置之后，通过邮政编码标识符将基于美国的人口普查信息到这些文件，将应用一般潜在变量模型（GLVM）。最后，借助手头的信息，我们将采用分解方法来估计概念模型中三个层次结构级别中每个层次级别的碰撞受伤的可能性：“车辆机动”（即基本驾驶技能不足），“掌握交通状况”（例如，未能遵守交通法律）；以及“驾驶的目标和背景”（例如，饮料和驱动器）。这种理解将是对未来研究的设计的关键贡献，旨在实现某些年龄，种族/种族和女性司机亚组的原因，其MVC受伤的风险越来越大。公共卫生相关性声明 - 本研究将评估不同年龄和种族/种族群体的妇女发生汽车撞车的风险（MVC）。通过确定那些处于风险增加的妇女群体，这项研究将有助于设计有效的预防政策，专门针对这一最高风险的群体量身定制。