Neural Circuitry of Social Cognition in the Broad Autism Phenotype

广泛自闭症表型中社会认知的神经回路

• 批准号: 7848373
• 负责人: Joseph Piven
• 金额: $ 41.1万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7848373
• 关键词: Amygdaloid structure; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Complement; Complex; Data; Emotional; Emotions; Eye; Face; Friendships; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Fusiform gyrus; Future; Galvanic Skin Response; Genetic; Individual; Interview; Judgment; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Language Delays; Language Disorders; Link; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Mind; Motivation; Mydriasis; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Outcome; Parents; Performance; Personality; Persons; Phenotype; Process; Psychophysiology; Reading; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Sampling; Social Behavior; Social Discrimination; Social Functioning; Staging; Stereotyping; Structure; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Task Performances; Technology; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; experience; gaze; genetic analysis; information processing; insight; meetings; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neuropsychological; novel strategies; programs; psychologic; relating to nervous system; research study; response; social; social cognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For over 15 years, our research team has taken Kanner's original observations about behavioral features characteristic of some parents of autistic individuals and developed standardized, valid, and reliable clinical measures to define what is now referred to as the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). The BAP is thought to represent the phenotypic expression of the underlying genetic liability to autism in non-autistic relatives of autistic individuals and is defined by characteristics that are milder but qualitatively similar to the defining features of autism. In our current UNC STAART Autism Research Center, we have identified abnormalities of social cognition (on tasks linked in previous studies to specific brain regions in the neural circuitry of social cognition) that occur more commonly in 'autism parents' with the social behavioral characteristics of the BAP (i.e., aloof personality) than in either 'autism parents' without aloof personality or community controls. We have developed fMRI paradigms that identify abnormalities in key components of the neural circuitry of social cognition in autism (amygdala, superior temporal sulcus, and fusiform gyrus) and developed a novel approach for probing the complex processing of social information from faces - the Bubbles Method that allows us to integrate simultaneous measurement of eye tracking data, skin conductance response, and BOLD responses on fMRI to isolate which features of the face drive behavioral, autonomic, and neural discrimination of social information from faces. In this revised application, we propose to use fMRI, neuropsychological, behavioral, and psychophysiological measures to characterize the neural circuitry of abnormal social cognition in parents of autistic individuals and to elucidate the stage of information processing at which dysfunctional social cognition arises in the BAP. This application is a collaboration of three investigators with a track record of collaboration and complementary experience in autism and the BAP (J. Piven at UNC), fMRI of social cognition (G. McCarthy at Duke), and novel approaches to elucidating the neural basis of social cognition (R. Adolphs at Caltech). Study of the behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying the social behavioral component of the BAP, as proposed in this application, will provide important new insights into the forme fruste of the autism brain and behavioral phenotype for use in future genetics, brain, and behavioral studies of autism and the BAP.

描述（由申请人提供）：在15年以上，我们的研究团队对坎纳（Kanner）对某些自闭症患者的行为特征的最初观察结果进行了观察，并制定了标准化，有效且可靠的临床措施，以定义现在称为广泛自闭症表型（BAP）。 BAP被认为代表了自闭症个体的非自闭症亲属对自闭症的基本遗传责任的表型表达，并且由特征较温和但与自闭症的定义特征相似。在我们当前的UNC Staart自闭症研究中心中，我们确定了社会认知的异常（关于以前的研究与社会认知神经认知神经循环中特定的大脑区域相关的任务），在“自闭症父母”中更常见的“自闭症父母”具有BAP的社会行为特征（即，Alof the Aloism Prysicality）（即，与“自闭症”父母的同一个或没有Alof Cromptoys Ontrolof Cromption'的人）。我们已经开发了fMRI范式，可以鉴定自闭症社会认知神经回路的关键组成部分的异常（杏仁核，颞上颞孔和融合式回旋），并开发了一种新颖的方法，并开发了一种新的方法，可以探测一种允许环境响应的环境和构成型号的构造的社会信息的复杂处理，并构成了整合的数据，并构成了整合的构图。隔离面部行为，自主神经和神经歧视社会信息的哪些特征。在此修订后的应用中，我们建议使用fMRI，神经心理学，行为和心理生理学指标来表征自闭症个体父母异常社会认知的神经回路，并阐明在BAP中出现功能障碍社会认知的信息处理阶段。该应用程序是三名调查人员的合作，具有自闭症和BAP（UNC的J. Piven），社会认知fMRI（杜克大学的G. McCarthy）以及阐明社会认知神经基础（Caltech的R. Adolphs）的新方法。根据本应用程序中提出的，对BAP社会行为成分的行为和神经机制的研究将为自闭症脑和行为表型的形式提供重要的新见解，以在未来的遗传学，大脑和自闭症和BAP的行为研究中使用。