Comprehensive Informatic Analyses of AML Genomes and Epigenomes

AML 基因组和表观基因组的综合信息分析

• 批准号: 10693348
• 负责人: Christopher A Miller
• 金额: $ 19.34万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-20 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10693348
• 关键词: Acute Myelocytic Leukemia; Algorithm Design; Area; Award; Big Data; Bioinformatics; Biology; Cell physiology; Creativeness; DNMT3a mutation; Data Set; Disease; Event; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Hematopoietic stem cells; Informatics; Intuition; Knowledge; Modeling; Molecular; Mutation; Patients; Phenotype; Productivity; Research; Role; Statistical Models; Training; Untranslated RNA; Variant; algorithm development; computer program; dark matter; epigenome; epigenomics; experience; experimental study; fitness; genome sequencing; leukemic transformation; metaplastic cell transformation; molecular targeted therapies; neoplastic cell; new technology; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; novel therapeutics; programs; statistics; targeted treatment; tumor; whole genome

Abstract Over the last decade, genomic studies have revealed the landscape of mutations that appear in Acute Myeloid Leukemias (AML). In each case, one of these mutations represents the initiating even for that tumor. Initiating mutations can create a fitness advantage when they occur in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC), resulting in clonal hematopoeisis, a state that increases the likelihood of leukemic transformation. Although we have characterized some consequences of these initiating mutations, including transcriptional changes and focal hypomethylation phenotypes for the DNMT3A mutations, our understanding of how these changes promote AML is largely incomplete. Since these initiating events occur in every cell of the tumor, unlike later- acquired subclonal events, they also are attractive targets for therapy. Thus, the first goal of this research program is to define the molecular mechanisms by which initiating mutations cause AML, and to use this information to develop novel, molecularly-targeted therapies. My role will be to distill large genomic and epigenomic datasets into intuitive, comprehensible models, generating testable hypotheses about the process of cellular transformation into AML. Doing so will require creative algorithmic development and statistical modeling, areas of bioinformatics in which I am proficient. This knowledge can then guide us in prioritizing targets and approaches for novel therapeutics. A second theme of our research program is to identify the reasons for progression of AMLs with "missing" mutations. Most initiating mutations are insufficient to produce overt AML on their own, but about 5% of AML cases appear to have no clear cooperating mutations. We will therefore use new technologies and analytical approaches to search the "dark matter" of the genome for AML-relevant genomic and epigenomic changes, using long-read sequencing to query previously unresolvable portions of the genome, whole genome sequencing to explore non-coding regions and structural variation, and algorithmic development to reveal difficult to ascertain events in AML. Because of my interdisciplinary background, I have expertise in designing algorithms and statistical models, as well as a deep understanding of the biology of AML. My training, experience, and record of productive and impactful research make me uniquely suited to push the informatics and analysis aspects of this research program forward.

抽象的 在过去的十年中，基因组研究揭示了急性髓系细胞中出现的突变情况 白血病（AML）。在每种情况下，这些突变之一甚至代表了该肿瘤的起始。发起 当突变发生在造血干/祖细胞（HSPC）中时，可以创造适应性优势， 导致克隆性造血，这种状态增加了白血病转化的可能性。虽然我们 描述了这些起始突变的一些后果，包括转录变化和 DNMT3A 突变的局部低甲基化表型，我们对这些变化如何的理解 促进 AML 很大程度上是不完整的。由于这些起始事件发生在肿瘤的每个细胞中，与后来的情况不同 获得性亚克隆事件，它们也是有吸引力的治疗靶标。因此，本研究的第一个目标 该计划的目的是定义引发突变导致 AML 的分子机制，并使用 这些信息可用于开发新颖的分子靶向疗法。我的职责是提取大型基因组 和表观基因组数据集转化为直观、可理解的模型，生成关于 细胞转化为 AML 的过程。这样做需要创造性的算法开发和 统计建模，我精通的生物信息学领域。这些知识可以指导我们 优先考虑新疗法的目标和方法。 我们研究计划的第二个主题是确定“缺失”的 AML 进展的原因 突变。大多数起始突变本身不足以产生明显的 AML，但大约 5% 的 AML 病例似乎没有明显的协同突变。因此，我们将使用新技术和 寻找基因组“暗物质”以寻找与 AML 相关的基因组的分析方法 表观基因组变化，使用长读长测序来查询基因组中以前无法解析的部分， 全基因组测序以探索非编码区域和结构变异以及算法开发 揭示 AML 中难以确定的事件。 由于我的跨学科背景，我拥有设计算法和统计模型的专业知识，例如 以及对 AML 生物学的深入了解。我的培训、经验以及生产和记录 有影响力的研究使我非常适合推动这项研究的信息学和分析方面 程序向前推进。

项目成果

Efficient Algorithms Unlock Understanding of Clonal Evolution in Cancer.

高效的算法解锁了对癌症克隆进化的理解。

• 发表时间: 2022-05-05
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: Miller; Christopher A
• 通讯作者: Christopher A

Discovery of a novel genomic alteration that renders leukemic cells resistant to CD19-targeted immunotherapies.

发现一种新的基因组改变，使白血病细胞对 CD19 靶向免疫疗法产生耐药性。

• 发表时间: 2022-10-25
• 影响因子: 7.5
• 作者: Ghobadi, Armin;Landmann, Jack H;Carter, Alun;Cooper, Matthew L;Selli, Mehmet Emrah;Chang, Jufang;Baker, Matthew;Miller, Christopher A;Ferraro, Francesca;Chen, David Y;Smith, Amanda M;LaValle, Taylor A;Duncavage, Eric J;Chou, Justin;Tam, Vict
• 通讯作者: Tam, Vict