Impact of Trauma on the Longitudinal Development of Cognitive Control Networks in Healthy Youth

创伤对健康青少年认知控制网络纵向发展的影响

• 批准号: 10752294
• 负责人: Jake Son
• 金额: $ 4.26万
• 依托单位: FATHER FLANAGAN'S BOYS' HOME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-30 至 2027-05-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752294
• 关键词: 15 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Anxiety; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Chronology; Clinical; Cognitive; Complex; Consensus; Data; Decision Making; Development; Emotional; Evaluation; Executive Dysfunction; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fellowship; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Hair; Health; Hydrocortisone; Image; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetoencephalography; Maps; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methods; Neurologic Process; Neurons; Neuropsychology; Output; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Physicians; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychiatry; Psychopathology; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Research Project Grants; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Severities; Source; Specificity; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stress; Stressful Event; Techniques; Time; Training; Trauma; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; Youth; analytical tool; base; career; childhood adversity; cognitive control; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive testing; critical developmental period; density; emotional functioning; epidemiology study; executive function; experience; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; insight; longitudinal design; millisecond; neural; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; reconstruction; response; spatiotemporal; stressor; trauma exposure; traumatic event

Project Summary/Abstract Psychiatric disorders are the most prevalent debilitating illnesses across the lifespan. Importantly, epidemiologic studies indicate that 75% of all diagnosable psychiatric disorders begin prior to age 24, highlighting the need for investigations of the developing brain. Exposure to traumatic events during childhood and adolescence can induce maladaptive functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to long-term structural and functional alterations in stress-sensitive brain regions that are known to be critical for cognitive control. Similar neural aberrations have been identified across a range of mental health disorders, including anxiety, ADHD, and depression. However, the extant literature focusing specifically on the impact of trauma and HPA axis activation on the development of cognitive control networks is extremely sparse. Given the high incidence of trauma in youth and ties with psychopathology, it is imperative that we develop a more detailed understanding of the neurophysiological changes underlying brain development in the context of trauma exposure. The proposed fellowship aims to partially remedy these knowledge gaps by utilizing the excellent spatial and temporal precision (i.e., millisecond) of magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate the developmental trajectory of brain networks critical to cognitive control and the impact of trauma and HPA axis activation on such networks. Briefly, participants between the ages of 6 to 15 years-old will annually complete a cognitive control task during MEG, complete cognitive and emotional assessments, and provide hair samples. The resulting MEG data will be transformed into the time-frequency domain and imaged using a beamforming approach, while the hair samples will be used to compute mean cortisol concentrations over 3 months. The output dynamic functional maps will be used to examine spectrally specific brain responses that are developmentally-sensitive in regions critical to cognitive control. Aim 1 will map the longitudinal development of neural dynamics and network connectivity that underlie response selection in typically-developing youth from age 6 to 15 years-old. Aim 2 will determine the impact of trauma exposure and HPA axis activation on the longitudinal development of cognitive control networks, neuropsychological performance, and emotional health. To this end, we will leverage the latest MEG and source reconstruction techniques, neural oscillatory dynamics and connectivity analysis methods, hair cortisol concentrations, and cognitive assessments to map variability in the neurophysiological bases of cognitive control development in healthy youth. In addition to the sponsor, who is a developmental cognitive neuroscientist with extensive mentoring and NIH funding experience, we will leverage an expert mentoring team comprised of leaders in cortisol analysis (Dr. Megan Gunnar), trauma assessment (Dr. Patrick Tyler), and the neuronal impact of childhood adversity (Dr. Christopher Monk). In summary, this research will aid in providing a more complete foundational understanding of the key neurological processes underlying cognitive control perturbations in youth with trauma and identify potential windows for intervention.

项目摘要/摘要 精神疾病是整个生命周期中最普遍的使人衰弱的疾病。重要的是，流行病学 研究表明，所有可诊断的精神疾病中有75％在24岁之前开始，强调了需要 研究大脑的调查。在儿童期和青春期中暴露于创伤事件可以 诱导下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴的适应不良功能，导致长期结构 应激敏感大脑区域的功能改变，这对于认知控制至关重要。 在包括焦虑，包括焦虑症在内的一系列心理健康障碍中发现了类似的神经畸变 多动症和抑郁症。但是，现存的文献专门针对创伤和HPA的影响 对认知控制网络发展的轴激活极为稀疏。鉴于发病率很高 与精神病理学的青年创伤有关，我们必须建立更详细的理解 在创伤暴露的背景下，脑发育的神经生理变化。 拟议的奖学金旨在通过利用出色的空间和 磁脑摄影（MEG）的时间精度（即毫秒） 对认知控制至关重要的大脑网络的轨迹以及创伤和HPA轴激活对此类的影响 网络。简而言之，年龄在6至15岁之间的参与者每年将完成认知控制 MEG期间的任务，完整的认知和情感评估，并提供头发样本。由此产生的梅格 数据将被转换为时频域，并使用波束形成方法成像，而 头发样品将在3个月内用于计算平均皮质醇浓度。输出动态功能 地图将用于检查区域对发育敏感的频谱特定的大脑反应 对认知控制至关重要。 AIM 1将绘制神经动力学和网络的纵向发展 在6至15岁的典型成长的青年中，连通性选择的基础。 AIM 2意志 确定创伤暴露和HPA轴激活对认知纵向发展的影响 控制网络，神经心理学表现和情绪健康。为此，我们将利用最新 MEG和源重建技术，神经振荡动力学和连通性分析方法，头发 皮质醇浓度和认知评估以绘制认知神经生理基础的变异性 控制健康青年的发展。除了赞助商，他是一种发展性认知神经科学家 凭借广泛的指导和NIH的资助经验，我们将利用由专家指导团队组成的 皮质醇分析（Megan Gunnar博士），创伤评估（Patrick Tyler博士）和神经元影响的领导者 儿童逆境（克里斯托弗·蒙克博士）。总而言之，这项研究将有助于提供更完整的 对年轻人认知控制扰动的基础神经过程的基本理解 发生创伤并确定潜在的干预窗口。