Examining Individuals' Exposure to Alcohol Environments Using Novel Responsive Buffers

使用新型响应缓冲器检查个人对酒精环境的暴露情况

• 批准号: 10752468
• 负责人: Christina Arezou Mehranbod
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752468
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Advocacy; Advocate; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Beverages; Alcohols; Area; Buffers; Censuses; Characteristics; Chronic; Consensus; Consumption; Country; Data; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Failure; Fellowship; Funding; Health; Healthcare; Individual; Injury; International Agencies; Intervention; Licensing; Liver diseases; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Modification; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Productivity; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Restaurants; Risk Factors; Science; Training; Translating; Translations; Travel; Uncertainty; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Violence; Work; Workplace; alcohol availability; alcohol effect; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol exposure; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol outlet density; alcohol prevention; alcohol research; cost; density; distilled alcoholic beverage; doctoral student; drinking; evidence base; experience; improved; innovation; novel; population health; preventable death; research and development; research study; residence; spatial epidemiology; structured data; systematic review; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use and misuse is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States (US). Decades of research have identified individual-level and environmental characteristics that are associated with alcohol use and thus can be modified to reduce population alcohol consumption. Alcohol outlet density is one such environmental characteristic that has been a focus of substantial research in the US and around the world. While many agencies and organizations have used this research to promote policy advocating for modifications in alcohol outlet density, such as through changes in licensing and zoning, the science is far from settled. The findings of the relationship between outlet density and alcohol consumption are contradictory when examining individual-level and ecological level studies and the effect of every additional alcohol outlet on alcohol consumption also remains unclear. The lack of consensus on the true relationship between alcohol outlet density and alcohol consumption points to the need for rigorous individual-level studies that incorporate characteristics that impact an individual’s decision to travel to an alcohol outlet and the multiscale nature of alcohol consumption with risk factors lying on multiple levels. The objective of this study is to create a new measurement of the alcohol environment — a responsive buffer — that incorporates the decades of research identifying characteristics that impact alcohol use. The specific aims of this study are to (1) conduct an updated systematic review of research studying the impact of alcohol outlet density on alcohol consumption or related harm published from November 2014 to November 2023 to synthesize the findings of ecological and individual-level studies, alcohol outlet density measurements, methodological advances, scientific rigor, and methodological limitations, (2) compare the distance individuals travel to alcohol outlets using GPS travel data and use this information to develop responsive buffers for assessing exposure to alcohol outlets, and (3) characterize associations between alcohol outlet density of responsive buffers with individual-level alcohol consumption (i.e., number of drinking days, quantity consumed) and compare effect sizes to commonly used measurements of alcohol outlet density (e.g., census tracts, ZIP codes, 400 m buffer around residence). The proposed aims and training plan build upon my experience in alcohol research supplemented by focused training in alcohol epidemiology, spatial epidemiology and neighborhood research techniques for mobility studies and momentary assessments of exposure and analyses of hierarchically structured data. This research and development of a new method has important implications for environmental prevention efforts aimed to improve population health by decreasing alcohol consumption. By creating an innovative measurement of the alcohol environment, this research will improve the translation of evidence-based research to alcohol prevention policy and promote the NIAAA’s mission to inform regulatory efforts and policy that create environments for healthy lives and well-being for all.

项目摘要/摘要 饮酒和小姐是美国可预防死亡的主要原因（美国）。数十年的研究 已经确定了与饮酒相关的个人级别和环境特征，因此 可以修改以减少人口饮用量。酒精出口密度就是这样的环境 特征是美国和世界各地大量研究的重点。而许多机构 组织利用这项研究来促进政策提倡修改酒精出口 密度，例如通过许可和分区的变化，科学远未解决。的发现 在检查个人级时，出口密度和饮酒之间的关系是矛盾的 以及生态水平的研究以及每个附加饮酒对饮酒的影响也仍然存在 不清楚。关于酒精出口密度与饮酒之间的真实关系缺乏共识 指出需要进行严格的个人级别研究的需求，这些研究结合了影响个人的特征 决定前往酒精出口和饮酒的多尺寸性质​​，风险因素位于 多个级别。这项研究的目的是创建对酒精环境的新测量 - 一个 响应缓冲液 - 结合了数十年的研究识别影响酒精的特征 使用。这项研究的具体目的是（1）对研究的研究进行更新的系统审查 从2014年11月开始发表的酒精出口密度对饮酒或相关危害的影响 2023年11月，综合了生态和个人水平研究的发现，酒精出口密度 测量，方法论进步，科学严谨和方法论局限性，（2）比较距离 个人使用GPS旅行数据前往酒精插座，并使用此信息来开发响应式缓冲区 用于评估酒精出口的暴露，（3）表征酒精出口密度之间的关联 响应灵敏的缓冲液，饮酒量（即饮酒天数，消耗数量） 并将效果大小与酒精出口密度的常用测量大小进行比较（例如，人口普查，邮政编码，邮政编码， 400 m缓冲区周围）。拟议的目标和培训计划以我在酒精研究中的经验为基础 接受酒精流行病学，空间流行病学和邻里研究的重点培训补充 流动性研究的技术以及对层次结构的暴露和分析的瞬时评估 数据。这种新方法的研究和开发对环境预防具有重要意义 旨在通过减少饮酒量来改善人口健康的努力。通过创新 酒精环境的测量，这项研究将改善基于证据的研究的翻译 酒精预防政策并促进NIAAA的使命，以告知监管工作和政策 全体健康生活和福祉的环境。