Oncology R&D: Expanding the Role of Economics to Aid Public Policy

肿瘤学R

基本信息

批准号：
7789677
负责人：
Rena Marie Conti
金额：
$ 13.08万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-23 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7789677
关键词：
Accounting Address Adjuvant Therapy Adverse effects American Angiogenesis Inhibitors Area Arts Attention Avastin Award Basic Science Bayesian Method Biological Products Biomedical Research Breast Cancer Cell Breast Cancer Treatment Cancer Death Rates Cancer Patient Cancer and Leukemia Group B Caring Classification Clinical Clinical Treatment Clinical Trials Clinical Trials Design Colorectal Cancer Communities Complement Cost Effectiveness Analysis Cost-Benefit Analysis Costs and Benefits Data Data Set Decision Making Decision Theory Development Disadvantaged ERBB2 gene Early Diagnosis Economics Elderly Evaluation Face Failure Foundations Funding Funding Agency Future Generations Grant Growth Health Benefit Immune system Institution Investments K-Series Research Career Programs Light Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of pancreas Marketing Medical Research Medicare Methods Monoclonal Antibodies Morbidity - disease rate Pathway interactions Patients Pharmacologic Substance Phase Phase II Clinical Trials Phase III Clinical Trials Play Policies Policy Maker Policy Making Population Preparation Price Proteins Public Health Public Policy Randomized Controlled Trials Recurrence Research Research Design Research Project Grants Resources Risk Roche brand of trastuzumab Role Sample Size Social Values Source Staging Statistical Methods Study Subject Surface Targeted Research Techniques Training Translational Research Translations Trastuzumab Treatment Cost Uncertainty Woman Work anticancer research base bevacizumab cancer therapy chemotherapy clinical practice cost design economic evaluation effective therapy epidemiological model evidence base gemcitabine gemzar improved innovation insight interest malignant breast neoplasm mortality novel oncology patient population present value prevent price lists programs prospective research and development skills social success theories tool translational clinical trial translational medicine tumor growth

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Three decades of cancer research has produced insights that have dramatically reduced morbidity and mortality for some forms of cancer and has great potential to produce more success (1). The development of targeted approaches to prevent and treat cancer is primarily the result of substantial public investments in basic science and research and development (R&D) in translational clinical trials (2). In the face of high and growing treatment costs (3,4), increasing trial failure rates and spending (5), and local and federal budgetary deficits (6,7) public agencies that fund clinical trials need empirical evidence of the value of these investments to inform innovation and reimbursement policy and systematically identify, prioritize and design future clinical trials (8,9,10,11,12,13). The growth in investment by for-profit biopharmaceutical firms in R&D over the past decades (14) has highlighted the challenge of thoughtful evaluation and planning of the public's resources and the need for a rigorous and systematic evidence base in pursuing future R&D. Economic theory provides a rigorous framework that may aid the translation of advances in basic science into clinical practice (15). Methods have been developed to retrospectively evaluate and prospectively identify, prioritize and design clinical trials (16,17,18,19,20,21). To date, little work has investigated how these methods applied to the unique context of oncology may provide a systematic empirical base for public decision making. My long term research agenda is focused on applying economic methods to address key policy concerns in the financing and organization of oncology clinical trials and practice and ultimately produce practical tools that public decision makers may use to identify and prioritize R&D investments. I am applying for this career development award to afford me the opportunity to gain training in critical areas I require to pursue my long term agenda. The central aspect of my plan is the pursuit of three research projects using advanced economic methods aimed at informing 3 key policy questions. The empirical pursuit of these projects requires focus on specific examples of recent oncology R&D and employs cost benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, value of information methods and net present value techniques. Although the application of these methods to specific examples cannot definitively answer broad questions, the completion of these projects will prepare me (and hopefully others) for future work aimed at developing a rigorous empirical base for public decision-making in the financing and organization of oncology treatment innovation. I hope that the results of these projects will be of immediate interest to policy making and academic communities. The award is critical to establishing myself as an economist with expertise in the economics of oncology and translational medicine and to producing key results responsive to public policy maker needs.

描述（由申请人提供）：三十年的癌症研究已经产生了显着降低某些癌症的发病率和死亡率的见解，并且具有取得更大成功的巨大潜力 (1)。预防和治疗癌症的针对性方法的开发主要是基础科学和转化临床试验研发 (R&D) 方面大量公共投资的结果 (2)。面对高昂且不断增长的治疗成本 (3,4)、不断增加的试验失败率和支出 (5) 以及地方和联邦预算赤字 (6,7)，资助临床试验的公共机构需要实证证据来证明这些研究的价值投资以告知创新和报销政策，并系统地识别、优先考虑和设计未来的临床试验 (8,9,10,11,12,13)。过去几十年来，营利性生物制药公司在研发方面的投资不断增长 (14)，这突显了对公众资源进行深思熟虑的评估和规划所面临的挑战，以及在追求未来研发时需要严格、系统的证据基础。经济理论提供了一个严格的框架，可以帮助将基础科学的进步转化为临床实践（15）。已经开发出回顾性评估和前瞻性识别、优先排序和设计临床试验的方法 (16,17,18,19,20,21)。迄今为止，很少有人研究这些方法如何应用于肿瘤学的独特背景，从而为公共决策提供系统的经验基础。我的长期研究议程侧重于应用经济方法来解决肿瘤学临床试验和实践的融资和组织中的关键政策问题，并最终产生公共决策者可以用来确定和优先考虑研发投资的实用工具。我申请这个职业发展奖是为了让我有机会获得实现长期议程所需的关键领域的培训。我计划的核心内容是利用先进的经济方法开展三个研究项目，旨在为三个关键政策问题提供信息。这些项目的实证研究需要关注最近肿瘤学研发的具体例子，并采用成本效益分析、成本效益分析、信息价值方法和净现值技术。尽管将这些方法应用于具体例子并不能明确回答广泛的问题，但这些项目的完成将为我（也希望其他人）做好准备，为未来的工作做好准备，旨在为肿瘤学融资和组织方面的公共决策建立严格的实证基础治疗创新。我希望这些项目的结果能够立即引起政策制定和学术界的兴趣。该奖项对于使我成为一名具有肿瘤学和转化医学经济学专业知识的经济学家以及根据公共政策制定者的需求产生关键成果至关重要。