Economic Contextual Influences on Population Diet and Obesity

经济背景对人口饮食和肥胖的影响

• 批准号: 7695983
• 负责人: Lisa Powell
• 金额: $ 52.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7695983
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Advocate; Affect; American; Area; Behavior; Beverages; Body mass index; Candy; Cardiovascular Diseases; Censuses; Child; Chronic Disease; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Diet; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Eating; Economics; Effectiveness; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Face; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food Access; Health; Home environment; Individual; Intake; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Surveys; Low Income Population; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; New York; Obesity; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Price; Public Health; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Sales; Sampling; Services; Socioeconomic Status; Supermarket; Surveys; Taxation; Taxes; Variant; Weight; combat; contextual factors; density; fast food; food consumption; improved; indexing; novel; sugar; young adult

Poor diet and obesity have been linked to increased risks for a number of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The proposed research will investigate the relationship between food (candy, baked goods, and chips), beverage (soda) and restaurant state sales taxes and food consumption patterns, diet quality, body mass index (BMI) and obesity prevalence among children, adolescents, and adults. The proposed project will build substantially on the previous literature which has linked food prices but not taxes to individual-level population data. These food and beverage sales taxes are on items that are usually high in either sugar and/or fat and given that most of these taxes already exist in a number of states (with substantial variation across states) they are likely to be starting points for potential policy changes. Thus, this research would provide policy makers with evidence on the extent to which implementing or increasing any of these state-level taxes is likely to affect food consumption behavior, diet quality and related BMI and obesity. All analyses will control for the local area availability of food stores and restaurants. We also propose specific analyses of low-income sub-samples and, in particular, we will examine low-income food stamp recipients and non-recipients separately because when purchased by food stamp recipients, such items are exempt from the tax. The specific aims of this project are threefold: 1) Examine the relationship between soda, candy, baked goods, chips and restaurant sales taxes and dietary patterns (intake of taxed food/beverage items and consumption of FAFH) and diet quality (total caloric intake, % fat and/or % sugar in diet, and overall healthy eating index); 2) Examine the relationship between soda, candy, baked goods, chips and restaurant sales taxes and BMI and obesity prevalence; and, 3) Examine the proposed relationships separately for low-income populations and assess the differences in tax sensitivity between low-income food stamp and non-food stamp recipients. To accomplish these aims, the proposed research will conduct secondary data analyses, using a unique combination of four types of data: 1) state-level food, beverage and restaurant sales tax rates; 2) local area outlet density measures of food stores and restaurants; 3) local area socioeconomic status drawn from the Census; and, 4) nationally representative population data on dietary intake and measured BMI for children, adolescents and adults from four data sets including three longitudinal surveys. To our knowledge, the proposed project represents the most comprehensive exploration to date of the contextual relationship between specific food, beverage and restaurant taxes and individuals' dietary patterns, diet quality and BMI. Given the serious public health risk posed by poor diet and obesity prevalence, this research can provide important information for policymakers and public health advocates about the potential effectiveness of implementing or increasing existing tax rates on soda, candy, baked goods, chips and restaurants.

饮食不良和肥胖与多种慢性疾病在内的许多慢性疾病的风险增加有关 和心血管疾病。拟议的研究将调查食物（糖果， 烘焙食品和薯条），饮料（苏打水）和餐厅州销售税和食品消费方式， 儿童，青少年和成人的饮食质量，体重指数（BMI）和肥胖症患病率。这 拟议的项目将基于以前的文献基本建立，该文献将食品价格与税收联系起来 个人级人口数据。这些食品和饮料销售税是在通常很高的物品上 糖和/或脂肪，鉴于这些税大多数已经存在于许多州 各州之间的变化）它们可能是潜在政策变化的起点。因此，这项研究 将为政策制定者提供有关实施或增加任何这些的程度的证据 州一级税收可能会影响食品消费行为，饮食质量以及相关的BMI和肥胖症。全部 分析将控制食品商店和餐馆的当地可用性。我们还提出了特定的 低收入子样本的分析，尤其是我们将检查低收入食品券接受者和 非接收者分别是因为当被食品券收件人购买时，此类物品将免于 税。该项目的具体目的是三重：1）检查苏打水，糖果，烘烤的关系 商品，筹码和餐厅销售税和饮食方式（征收税收食品/饮料物品的摄入量和 FAFH的消费和饮食质量（总热量摄入量，脂肪％和/或饮食中的糖，总体健康 进食指数）； 2）检查苏打水，糖果，烘焙食品，薯条和餐厅销售之间的关系 税收和BMI和肥胖症患病率； 3）分别检查提出的关系是否有低收入 种群并评估低收入食品券和非食品邮票之间税收敏感性的差异 收件人。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究将使用 四种类型的数据的独特组合：1）州级食品，饮料和餐厅销售税率； 2）本地 食品商店和餐馆的区域出口密度衡量； 3）纳入本地社会经济地位 人口普查； 4）关于饮食摄入量和儿童BMI的全国代表性人口数据， 来自四个数据集的青少年和成年人，包括三个纵向调查。据我们所知， 拟议的项目代表了上下文关系迄今为止最全面的探索 在特定食品，饮料和餐厅税以及个人的饮食方式，饮食质量和BMI之间。 鉴于饮食和肥胖症患病率不佳，这项研究可以提供严重的公共卫生风险 政策制定者和公共卫生倡导者有关潜在有效性的重要信息 实施或提高苏打水，糖果，烘焙食品，薯条和餐馆的现有税率。