Sensory Integration for Heading Perception

方向感知的感觉统合

• 批准号: 7764507
• 负责人: GREGORY C DEANGELIS
• 金额: $ 9.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7764507
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Code; Cues; Custom; Dancing; Data; Dimensions; Discrimination; Disorientation; Environment; Exhibits; Goals; Head; Illusions; Link; Literature; Location; Measures; Modeling; Monkeys; Motion; Movement; Nature; Neurons; Parietal Lobe; Perception; Performance; Population; Primates; Probability; Process; Psychophysiology; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research Personnel; Saccades; Sensory; Signal Detection Analysis; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Specific qualifier value; Staging; Stimulus; System; Testing; Training; Translating; Translations; Visual; Visual Motion; Work; base; clinically relevant; design; experience; eye center; gaze; improved; interest; neural circuit; neuronal patterning; optic flow; preference; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory integration; somatosensory; virtual; virtual reality; visual stimulus; visual-vestibular

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To navigate through our surroundings, we must accurately perceive our direction of self-motion (i.e., heading). Heading perception is an interesting problem in sensory integration, requiring neural circuits that combine visual motion signals (optic flow) with vestibular signals, and perhaps also somatosensory and proprioceptive cues. The multi-sensory nature of heading perception can be appreciated by the experience of section, the powerful illusion of self-motion that accompanies large-field visual motion (e.g., at an IMAX theater). Although the processing of optic flow has been well studied in visual and parietal cortices, little is known about how or where visual and vestibular signals are integrated for heading perception. Areas MSTd and VIP appear to be promising candidates, for these areas are known to be involved in processing optic flow and have also been found to contain vestibular signals regarding head translation. The proposed experiment, which employ a custom-designed virtual reality system, address three specific aims regarding the neural basis of heading perception in trained primates. Aim #1 examines the relative contributions of visual and vestibular cues to heading selectivity in MSTd/VIP. Specifically, we test whether the heading activity of neurons is enhanced by congruent combinations of visual and vestibular cues. Aim #2 tests whether heading signals derived from visual and vestibular cues are coded in a common reference frame (eye-centered, head-centered, or intermediate), as might be expected if these different sensory signals, are combined synergistically to improve heading selectivity. In Aim #3, we test more directly whether MSTd and VIP contribute to heading perception by recording from neurons during performance of a heading discrimination task. Monkeys will perform this task using optic flow alone, vestibular signals alone, or congruent combinations of the two cues. This will allow us to test whether MSTd/VIP neurons can account for the improvement in heading sensitivity seen under cue combination. These experiments will provide a comprehensive examination of whether MSTd/VIP neurons are involved in sensory integration for heading perception. Of clinical relevance, heading perception can be severely impaired in Alzheimer's disease, and this may contribute to spatial disorientation and navigational difficulties. By helping to elucidate the brain areas involved in heading perception, this work may eventually aid in targeting new Alzheimer's therapies to the appropriate brain regions.

描述（由申请人提供）：要浏览周围环境，我们必须准确地感知我们的自我运动方向（即标题）。标题感知是感官整合的一个有趣问题，需要将视觉运动信号（光流）与前庭信号以及可能的体感和本体感受提示相结合的神经回路。标题感知的多感官性质可以通过章节的经验来欣赏，这是大型视觉运动伴随的强大的自我运动幻觉（例如，在IMAX剧院）。尽管视觉和顶叶皮层的视觉流的处理已经很好地研究了，但对视觉和前庭信号的整合方式或位于何处以进行标题感知知之甚少。 MSTD和VIP区域似乎是有希望的候选人，因为已知这些区域参与了处理视频流，并且还被发现包含有关头部翻译的前庭信号。采用自定义设计的虚拟现实系统的拟议实验介绍了有关训练有素灵长类动物中标题感知的神经基础的三个具体目标。 AIM＃1检查了视觉和前庭提示对MSTD/VIP中标题选择性的相对贡献。具体而言，我们通过视觉和前庭提示的一致组合来测试神经元的标题活动是否得到增强。 AIM＃2测试是否在常见的参考框架（以醒目的为中心，中间或中间体）中编码源自视觉和前庭提示的标题信号，如果这些不同的感觉信号是协同结合以提高标题选择性的，则可能会预期。在AIM＃3中，我们更直接地测试了MSTD和VIP是否通过在标题歧视任务的性能期间从神经元记录中录制来促进标题感知。猴子将单独使用视频流，仅前庭信号或两个提示的一致组合执行此任务。这将使我们能够测试MSTD/VIP神经元是否可以解释提示组合下的标题灵敏度的提高。这些实验将对MSTD/VIP神经元是否参与标题感知的感觉整合。临床相关性，阿尔茨海默氏病的标题感知可能会严重损害，这可能导致空间迷失方向和导航困难。通过帮助阐明参与标题感知的大脑区域，这项工作最终可能有助于将新阿尔茨海默氏症的疗法靶向适当的大脑区域。