CRCNS: Where to look next? Modeling eye movements in normal and impaired vision

CRCNS：接下来看哪里？

• 批准号: 7904674
• 负责人: LAURA LYNN WALKER
• 金额: $ 9.22万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7904674
• 关键词: Age related macular degeneration; Algorithms; Architecture; Area; Behavior; California; Clinic; Clinical; Computer Simulation; Computer Vision Systems; Decision Making; Doctor of Philosophy; Ensure; Eye Movements; Family; Goals; Human; Impairment; Individual; Information Theory; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Measures; Medical center; Modeling; Movement; Ophthalmologist; Outcome; Patients; Pattern; Population; Positioning Attribute; Principal Investigator; Process; Psychophysics; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Quality of life; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation Outcome; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Diseases; Retinal blind spot; Saccades; Scanning; Signal Detection Analysis; Statistical Models; System; Techniques; Theoretical model; Training; Training Programs; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual impairment; Work; behavior prediction; design; disease characteristic; experience; gaze; image processing; improved; information processing; model development; predictive modeling; relating to nervous system; research study; sample fixation; success; visual information

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this proposal is to gain a better understanding of the information processing and decision strategies that underlie eye movement planning in both the normal and diseased state. In patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), central areas of the retina are damaged, creating a large blind spot that forces them to rely solely on residual vision in the periphery. Rehabilitation outcomes for these patients can be successful, but are often inconsistent. Despite similar retinopathies, some patients learn to use their residual vision more effectively than others. We have developed an information-theoretic model and experimental paradigm which will allow us to objectively measure human scanning efficiency. The development of the model has naturally motivated fundamental experimental questions about eye movements and neural decision making. The answers to these questions will be used to refine the model and enhance our understanding of the system in general. We will then apply the model framework to investigate differences in eye movement behavior between AMD patients and normally-sighted individuals. The interplay of model development and experimental investigation will significantly increase our knowledge of how humans use prior knowledge and task demands to direct their gaze, and how new visual information is incorporated into an eye movement plan. The results will have broad relevance to understanding neural decision making in general. Relevance to Public Health. The application of the model to a clinical population will bring much-needed objective measures to understanding the extent of impairment in individuals with AMD. With this understanding comes great potential for improving rehabilitation training strategies that will enhance the quality of life for these patients and their families.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的目的是更好地了解在正常状态和患病状态下眼动计划的信息处理和决策策略。在与年龄相关的黄斑变性（AMD）的患者中，视网膜的中央区域受损，造成了一个较大的盲点，迫使他们仅依靠外围的残留视力。这些患者的康复结果可能会成功，但通常不一致。尽管视网膜病变类似，但一些患者比其他患者学会了更有效地使用其残留视力。我们已经开发了一种信息理论模型和实验范式，这将使我们能够客观地衡量人类的扫描效率。该模型的发展自然动机了有关眼动和神经决策的基本实验问题。这些问题的答案将用于完善模型并增强我们对系统的理解。然后，我们将应用模型框架来研究AMD患者和正常视线个体之间眼动行为的差异。模型开发和实验研究的相互作用将大大增加我们对人类如何使用先验知识和任务要求指导其目光的知识，以及如何将新的视觉信息纳入眼动计划。结果将与理解一般的神经决策具有广泛的意义。 与公共卫生有关。该模型在临床人群中的应用将带来急需的客观措施，以了解AMD患者的损害程度。有了这种理解，改善康复训练策略的巨大潜力将提高这些患者及其家人的生活质量。