Defining critical aspects of environmental ultraviolet exposure in melanogenesis

定义环境紫外线暴露在黑素生成中的关键方面

• 批准号: 7818220
• 负责人: MYLES G COCKBURN
• 金额: $ 48.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-20 至 2010-09-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7818220
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Award; Bathing; Behavior; Data; Devices; Disease; Disease Outcome; Eating; Exposure to; Frequencies; Funding; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Geographic Locations; Incidence; Individual; Location; Measures; Mediating; Melanogenesis; Methods; Metric; Modeling; Occupational; Occupations; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Population; Population Study; Primary Prevention; Recruitment Activity; Research; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Role; Science; Seasons; Solar Energy; Stimulus; Sun Exposure; The Sun; Time; Ultraviolet B Radiation; Validation; Variant; Weight; Work; base; behavior change; dosimetry; experience; meetings; melanoma; novel; parent grant; prospective; public health relevance; residence; self reported behavior; success; ultraviolet; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Competitive Revision aims to greatly enhance our ability to estimate lifetime and age-specific solar ultraviolet (UV) exposures obtained retrospectively from self-report and enhance the novel UV exposure metric that we developed for, and are using in, the Parent Award. As well as enhancing the scientific approach of the Parent Award, this additional methodological work will have wide applicability to a number of other studies of UV exposure and disease outcome that have been initiated since our Parent Award began, by collaborators of the investigative team. We previously developed a method of imputing lifetime and age-specific UV exposure. We now have an opportunity to validate that UV metric against real-time UV dosimetry, and use that information to better measure retrospective UV exposure, especially extreme and intermittent exposures that are relevant to melanoma but not well measured by current methods. In the proposed study, we aim to characterize the relationship between imputed UV exposure and real-time personal UV exposure: that relationship is certainly mediated by sun exposure behavior (not all people will receive the same UV exposure just because they are in the same geographical location). For melanoma, a critical issue is the impact of past intermittent exposure on disease. Currently, intermittent UV exposure is measured by self-report of activities such as vacations in the sun, sun bathing, or short term weekend exposures. These self-reports almost certainly misclassify intermittent exposure estimates, and it is unclear which measure best represents intermittent UV exposure. Our UV metric measures total UV, but for melanoma we also want to know the component of total UV exposure that is attributable to specific wavelengths (crudely, UVA and UVB). Our dosimeters have been developed in order to correlate wavelength-specific UV measures with self-reported sun exposure behavior. We will measure UV from dosimetry in the Parent Award study population, and use those data to model the relationship between self-reported measures, our imputed UV metric (both of which are available for retrospective data also) and real time UV exposure (especially intermittent and extreme exposures, and the contribution of UVA and UVB wavelengths separately). The proposed study will further accelerate our progress towards the central theme of reducing exposure assessment error in order to determine the true effects of UV exposure on melanoma. This Competitive Revision application meets ALL of the criteria for funding under the ARRA, both for accelerating the tempo of scientific research directly for the Parent Grant and for associated science, and for job creation/retention that is the primary focus of the Stimulus Bill. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Melanoma incidence is increasing steadily in most populations worldwide, and primary prevention efforts (largely based on avoiding sun exposure around midday) have had limited success. Our Parent Award aims to better characterize the role of varying wavelengths of solar ultraviolet (UV) on melanoma, in the absence of the muddying effect of genetic susceptibility, and provide the 'cleanest' picture of how to achieve primary prevention through behavior change. The proposed study enhances those aims by relating imputed UV exposures (based on self-report) to real time UV exposure from dosimetry, using devices that also measure wavelength-specific UV. Those dosimetry data will be modeled against self report and imputed UV data to determine the best way to measure variability in past UV exposures that is relevant to melanoma, focusing specifically on intermittent and extreme exposures that current methods almost certainly fail to accurately capture.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项竞争性修订旨在极大地增强我们估计从自我报告追溯获得的终生和特定年龄的太阳能紫外线（UV）暴露的能力，并增强了我们为我们开发的新型UV暴露指标，并使用了父母奖励。除了增强父母奖的科学方法外，这项额外的方法论工作还将广泛适用于自我们父母奖开始以来，由调查团队的合作者开始了许多其他关于紫外线暴露和疾病结果的研究。我们以前开发了一种推出生命周期和特定年龄紫外线暴露的方法。现在，我们有机会验证该紫外线度量，以防止实时紫外线剂量测定法，并使用该信息来更好地衡量回顾性的紫外线暴露，尤其是与黑色素瘤相关的极端和间歇性暴露，但通过当前方法没有很好地衡量。在拟议的研究中，我们旨在表征估计的紫外线暴露与实时个人紫外线暴露之间的关系：这种关系肯定是由日晒行为介导的（并非所有人都会因为它们位于同一地理位置而获得相同的紫外线暴露）。对于黑色素瘤而言，一个关键问题是过去间歇性接触对疾病的影响。目前，间歇性紫外线暴露是通过自我报告的活动来衡量的，例如阳光下的假期，太阳沐浴或短期的周末暴露。这些自我报告几乎可以肯定会误导间歇性的暴露估计，尚不清楚哪种量度最佳代表间歇性的紫外线暴露。我们的UV度量测量总紫外线，但是对于黑色素瘤，我们还希望知道可归因于特定波长（Crudely，UVA和UVB）的总紫外线暴露的组成部分。为了将波长特异性的紫外线度量与自我报告的太阳暴露行为相关联，我们的剂量计。我们将测量父母奖研究人群中剂量测定法的紫外线，并使用这些数据来模拟自我报告的措施之间的关系，我们的估计紫外线度量（这两个也可用于回顾性数据）和实时紫外线暴露（尤其是间歇性和极端暴露，以及对UVA和UVB波长的贡献）。拟议的研究将进一步加速我们朝着减少暴露评估误差的中心主题，以确定紫外线暴露对黑色素瘤的真实影响。该竞争性修订申请符合ARRA下资金的所有标准，既可以直接加快父母赠款和相关科学的科学研究的节奏，又是为刺激法案的主要重点而创造就业/保留。 公共卫生相关性：在全球大多数人群中，黑色素瘤的发病率在稳步增长，主要的预防工作（主要基于避免中午左右的阳光）的成功率有限。我们的父母奖的目的是在没有遗传易感性的泥泞作用的情况下，更好地表征太阳紫外线（UV）在黑色素瘤上的作用，并提供如何通过行为改变来实现初级预防的“最清洁”图片。拟议的研究通过使用还测量还测量特定波长特异性紫外线的设备将估算的紫外线暴露（基于自我报告）与实时紫外线暴露相关，从而增强了这些目标。这些剂量测定数据将根据自我报告进行建模，并估算紫外线数据，以确定与黑色素瘤相关的过去紫外线暴露中可变性的最佳方法，专门集中于当前方法几乎可以肯定无法准确捕获的间歇性和极端暴露。